ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر همزیستی میکوریزایی در شرایط متغیر بارش انتهای فصل بر عملکرد و کیفیت چاودار (.Secale cereal L) دیم
آبیاری تکمیلی همزمان با همزیستی میکوریزایی در چاودار (.Secale cereal L) یکی از روشهای پیامدداردرافزایش کیفیت وکمیت عملکرد میباشد. برای بررسی همزیستی میکوریزایی چاودار دیم، آزمایشی دوساله به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سالهای 1393 و 1394 در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی آذربایجان غربی اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل زمان پایان بارندگی در20 اردیبهشت، 3 خرداد و 17 خرداد، همزیستی قارچ (شاهد و قارچ گونه Glomus intraradices) و آبیاری دیم و یک نوبت آبیاری تکمیلی بودند. همزیستی میکوریزایی تحت شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی باعث افزایش معنیدار عناصر فسفر، کلسیم و خاکستر در اندام هوایی چاودار، و پتاسیم و پروتئین دانه در برابر کشت دیم شد. همزیستی میکوریزایی کیفیت اندام هوایی و دانه را بهبود بخشید. البته بهبود عملکرد تحت شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی نسبت کشت دیم بیشتر بود. بیشترین درصد پروتئین دانه (43/18 درصد) مربوط به گیاهان میکوریزایی بود که آخرین بارندگی را در 20 اردیبهشت دریافت کرده بودند، بیشترین اندازه عملکرد دانه مربوط به سال دوم در شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی حدود 96/1412 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود که بارندگی تا 17خرداد ادامه داشت. کیفیت اندام هوایی و دانه چاودار در کشت دیم با یک نوبت آبیاری تکمیلی بهبود مییابد و رابطه میکوریزایی صرف نظر از زمان پایان بارندگی در اندازه بهبود کیفیت و عملکرد دانه پیامددار بود. آبیاری تکمیلی و ادامه بارندگی تا 17 خرداد در گیاهان میکوریزایی، عملکرد دانه را 23 درصد در برابر عملکرد گیاهان نامیکوریزی دیم در پایان زود هنگام بارندگی بهاره افزایش داد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6965_b3981a2a5dcea155598a7a2bfcd7c521.pdf
2017-12-22
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اندام هوایی
چاودار دیم
قارچ ریشه
قطع بارش
کیفیت دانه
محمود
مظلومی ممیندی
mazlomi_m@yahoo.com
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گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
علیرضا
پیرزاد
a.pirzad@urmia.ac.ir
2
گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه
LEAD_AUTHOR
جلال
جلیلیان
j.jalilian@umia.ac.ir
3
گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
پر شدن دانه و ترکیب برخی اسیدهای چرب روغن کلزا (Brassica napus L.) با کاربرد کودهای زیستی و قطع آبیاری
تأثیر قطع آبیاری، کودهای زیستی بر مولفههای پر شدن دانه، محتوای کلروفیل و ترکیب برخی اسیدهای چرب روغن کلزا رقم جاکومو، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 95-1394 ارزیابی گردید. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل آبیاری در سه سطح، آبیاری کامل یا شاهد، قطع آبیاری در 50 درصد مرحله گلدهی و تشکیل خورجین، قطع آبیاری در 50 درصد مرحله تشکیل دانه و کاربرد کودهای زیستی در چهار سطح، عدم تلقیح بذر با باکتری، تلقیح با نیتروباکتر، سودوموناس و آزوسپیریلوم بودند. نتایج نشان داد با اعمال محدودیت آبی، عملکرد، تعداد دانه در خورجین، تعداد خورجین در بوته، سرعت و طول دوره پر شدن دانه، اسید اولئیک، اسید لینولنیک و رنگدانههای فتوسنتزی کاهش ولی میزان اسید چرب اروسیک و پالمتیک افزایش یافت. مقایسه میانگینها نشان داد بالاترین عملکرد (62/1 تن در هکتار)، تعداد دانه در خورجین (66/30)، تعداد خورجین در بوته (76)، طول دوره پر شدن دانه (42/54 روز)، کلروفیل a (33/23 میلیگرم در گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل کل (83/29 میلیگرم در گرم وزن تر)، اسید اولئیک (24/69 درصد) و اسید لینولنیک (54/11 درصد) در حالت تلقیح با آزوسپیریلوم و آبیاری کامل به دست آمد. بیشترین میزان اسید اروسیک (89/2 درصد) و اسید پالمتیک (56/4 درصد) در عدم تلقیح و قطع آبیاری در مرحله تشکیل دانه مشاهده گردید. همچنین قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی و تشکیل خورجین و مرحله تشکیل دانه به ترتیب عملکرد دانه را 46 و 4/40 درصد کاهش داد و استفاده از باکتریهای محرک رشد آزوسپیریلوم، سودوموناس و نیتروباکتر در مرحله گلدهی و تشکیل خورجین به ترتیب 7/53، 2/9 و 4/44 درصد و در مرحله تشکیل دانه به ترتیب 5/65، 31 و 2/17 درصد باعث افزایش عملکرد گردیدند. براساس نتایج، به نظرمیرسد کاربرد آزوسپیریلوم در شرایط آبیاری کامل و محدودیت آبی میتواند به عنوان بهترین تیمار برای سودمندی تولید کلزا پیشنهاد گردد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6966_33ddda097bc8581f751dd34b1af75ee5.pdf
2017-12-22
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رنگدانه های فتوسنتزی
سرعت پر شدن دانه
کلزا
محدودیت آبی
مدل خطی
حسین
وطن دوست
ho.vatandoost@gmail.com
1
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
رئوف
سید شریفی
raouf_ssharifi@yahoo.com
2
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
سلیم
فرزانه
salimfarzaneh@yahoo.com
3
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
داود
حسن پناه
hassanpanah_d@yahoo.com
4
مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،اردبیل، ایران
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41
Ronanini DR, Savin R and Hall AJ, 2004. Dynamic of fruit growth and oil quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) exposed to brif interval of high temperature during grain filling. Field Crops Research, 83: 79-90.
42
Seyed Sharif, R. 2015. Oil seeds. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Press. 216 P. (In Persian).
43
Seyed Sharifi R and Namvar A, 2016. Bio fertilizers in Agronomy. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Press. 282 P. (In Persian).
44
Seyed Sharifi R, 2016. Application of biofertilizers and zinc increases yield, nodulation and unsaturated fatty acids of soybean. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 103(3): 251-258.
45
Shehata MM and EL-Khawas SA, 2003. Effect of two biofertilizers on growth parameters, yield characters, nitrogenous components, nucleic acids content, minerals, oil content, protein profiles and DNA banding pattern of sunflower yield. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(14): 1257-1268.
46
Sinaki JM, Majidi Heravan E, Shirani Rad AH, Noormohamadi G and Zarei G, 2007. The effects of water deficit during growth stages of canola (Brassica napus L.). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 2: 417-422.
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Tambussi EA, Bartoli CG, Bettran J, Guiamet JJ and Araus JC, 2000. Oxidative damage to thylakoids proteins in water stressed leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Physiology, 108: 398-404.
48
Togay N, Togay Y, Cimrin KM and Turan M, 2008. Effect of rhizobium inoculation, sulfur and phosphorus application on yield, yield components and nutrient uptake in chick pea (Cicer aretinum L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 776-782.
49
Tohidi Moghadam HR, Zahedi H and Ghooshchi F, 2011. Oil quality of canola cultivars response to water stress and super absorbent polymer application. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 41(4): 579-586.
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Tsuno Y, Yamaguchi T and Nakano J, 1994. Potential dry matter production and grain filling process of rice plant from the viewpoint of source-sink relationships and the role of root respiration in its relationship. Bull. Faculty of Agricultural. Tottori University, 47: 1-10.
51
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Wu SC, Cao ZH, Li ZG and Cheung KC, 2005. Effect of biofertilizer containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: a greenhouse trial. Geoderma, 125: 155-166.
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56
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58
Zare M, 2004. Evaluation of tolerance of some soybean genotypes to drought stress. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 35(4): 261-272. (In Persian).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر کودهای زیستی نیتروکسین و بیوسولفور بر صفات مورفولوژیک و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی عروسک پشت پرده
بهمنظور بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی نیتروکسین (0، 2 و 4 لیتر در هکتار) و بیوسولفور (0، 2 و 4 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بر صفات مورفولوژیک و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی عروسک پشت پرده (Physalis alkekengi L.) آزمایشی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 9 تیمار و سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان در سال 1395 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی بر همه صفات مورد ارزیابی تأثیر معنیداری داشتند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (53 سانتیمتر)، تعداد شاخه فرعی (58 شاخه)، وزنتر اندام هوایی (3/371 گرم)، وزن خشک اندام هوایی (78 گرم)، عملکرد تک بوته (5/82 گرم)، مواد جامد محلول (23/16 بریکس) و ویتامینث (1/ 120 میلیگرم در صد گرم نمونه) در تیمار تلفیقی چهار لیتر نیتروکسین به همراه چهار کیلوگرم بیوسولفور به دست آمد که تفاوت معنیداری با شاهد و سایر تیمارها داشت. بیشترین کلروفیل کل در تیمار تلفیقی چهار لیتر نیتروکسین به همراه چهار کیلوگرم بیوسولفور و تیمار تلفیقی چهار لیتر نیتروکسین به همراه دو کیلوگرم بیوسولفور به ترتیب با 5/6 و 23/6 میلیگرم بر گرم نمونۀ تر حاصل شد که از لحاظ آماری اختلاف معنیداری بین این دو تیمار مشاهده نشد ولی با سایر تیمارها اختلاف معنی داری داشتند. تیمار چهار لیتر در هکتار نیتروکسین بیشترین فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی (84/76 درصد) و بیشترین میزان فیزالین (56/1 درصد وزن خشک گیاهی) را در مقایسه با شاهد و دیگر تیمارها نشان داد. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق استفاده از کودهای زیستی نیتروکسین و بیوسولفور موجب بهبود عملکرد و شاخصهای فیزیولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه عروسک پشت پرده گردید.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6968_18e583d3cdf03158e87897d6abfe1ef6.pdf
2017-12-22
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49
عملکرد
فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی
فیزالین
کودهای زیستی
ویتامینث
سعید
پرچیانلو
saeedparchianloo@znu.ac.ir
1
1-دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان
AUTHOR
عزیزالله
خیری
2
استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه زنجان
LEAD_AUTHOR
مسعود
ارغوانی
3
3- استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه زنجان
AUTHOR
محمداسماعیل
امیری
4
4- استاد دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه زنجان
AUTHOR
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21
Nemati M, Dahmardeh M, 2015. Effect of biofertilizer and organic manure application on yield and morphological index of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L). Agroecology, 7(1)62-73. (In Persian).
22
Omidi H, Naghdi Badi H, Golzad A, Torabi H and Footoukian M, 2009. The Effect of Chemical and Bio-fertilizer Source of Nitrogen on Qualitative and Yield of Saffron (Crocus sativus L). Journal of Medicinal Plant, 2 (30):98-109. (In Persian).
23
Ordookhani K, Khavazi K Moezzi A and Rejali F, 2010. Influence of PGPR and AMF on antioxidant activity, lycopene and potassium contents in tomato. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5: 1108-1116.(In Persian).
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Singh S and Kapoor KK, 1998. Effects of inoculation of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and an arbuscularmycorrhizal fungus on mungbean grown under natural soil conditions. Journal of Mycorrhiza, 7; 249–253.
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Weisany W, Rahimzadeh S and Sohrabi Y, 2012. Effect of biofertilizers on morphological, physiological22-characteristic and essential oil content in basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Journal of Medicinal and AromaticPlants, 28(1): 73-87. (In Persian).
33
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34
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37
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن برخی جدایههای ازتوباکتر در مایهزنی ذرت
توانایی تثبیت نیتروژن در حالت آزادزی ویژگی گروه خاصی از باکتریهای دیآزوتروف میباشد که ازتوباکترها از جنسهای شناخته شده آنهاست. ارزیابی کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن به روشهای مختلف از جمله روش اختلاف و کشت در حضور گیاه قابل انجام است. بر این اساس آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانهای انجام گرفت و توانایی تثبیت نیتروژن 18 جدایه باکتری از جمله، ازتوباکتر بررسی شد. زادمایههای میکروبی با استفاده از حامل باگاس و پرلیت در بذور ضدعفونیشده ذرت رقم سینکل کراس 704 تلقیح شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل کنترلهای منفی (بدون افزودن حامل و حامل فاقد باکتری)، کنترلهای مثبت (کاربرد کود اوره به میزان 50% و 100% توصیه کودی) و گلدانهای تلقیح شده با جدایهها بود. نتایج نشان داد به جز وزن تر و غلظت نیتروژن ریشه، تمام پارامترهای اندازهگیری شده در سطح احتمال 1% متاثر از تیمارهای آزمایش بوده است. بالاترین میانگین وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن تر و خشک کل، ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه و شاخص کلروفیل در تیمارهای کودی 100% و 50% حاصل شد و در بین تیمارهای باکتریایی 14SP-Ι، 16SP-2 (ازتوباکترکروکوکوم) و 34SP-Ш (سودوموناس) مؤثر واقع شدند. بیشترین مقدار کل نتیروژن و فاکتور انتقال آن به ترتیب با افزایش 32% و 148% نسبت به شاهد منفی در جدایه 16SP-2 مشاهده شد. بیشترین کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن نیز بر اساس اختلاف مقدار نیتروژن در جدایه 16SP-2 برابر با 47/39% بهدست آمد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6969_dcf7b239589bf6e5bedea9a8ffc00e81.pdf
2017-12-22
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ازتوباکترکروکوکوم
باکتریهای آزادزی
تثبیت بیولوژیک نیتروژن
ذرت
سودوموناس
مهدیه
لیلاسی مرند
mlm.bd71.89@gmail.com
1
1- دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
محمدرضا
ساریخانی
sarikhani@gmail.com
2
2- دانشیار بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amiri A, Tohidi Nejad E , Javaheri MA and Mohamadi Nejad Q. 2010. Study the effect of planting time, cultivar and Azotobacter on wheat (Triticum aesticum L.) yield at Bardsir region. Journal of Crops Improvement, 12(1): 11-19. (In Persian).
1
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3
Ashfaq Anjum M, Zahir ZA, Ashraf M and Arshad M. 2011. Isolation and screening of rhizobia for auxin biosynthesis and growth promotion of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) seedlings under axenic conditions. Soil Environment, 30(1): 18-26.
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12
Gonzalez-lopes J, Slmern V and Moreno J. 1983. Amino acid and vitamins produced by Azotobacter vinelandii inchemically- defined media and dialyzed soil media. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 6: 711- 713.
13
Hajeeboland R, Aliasgharzadeh N, Mehrfar Z. 2004. Ecological Study of Azotobacter in Two pasture lands of the North-west Iran and its Inoculation Effect on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Omid) Plants. Journal of Water and soil Science, 8 (2):75-90. (In Persian)
14
Jimenez DJ, Salvador Montana J and Mercedes Martinez M. 2011. Characterization of free nitrogen fixing bacteria of the genus Azotobacter in organic vegetable grown Colombian soils. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 42: 846-858
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Kader MA, Main MH and Hoque MS. 2002. Effect of Azotobacter inoculants on the yield and nitrogenuptake by wheat. Biological Science, 2: 259–261.
16
Kanaani Alvar A, Raei Y, Zehtab Salmasi S and Nasrollahzadeh S. 2013.Study the Effects of Biological and Nitrogen Fertilizers on Yield and SomeMorphological Traits of two Spring Barley (Hodeum vulgare L.) Varieties underRainfed Conditions. Agricultural and Sustainable Production Knowledge, 23(1): 20-29. (In Persian).
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Kennedy IR, Choudhury ATMA and Kecskes ML. 2004. Non-symbiotic bacterial diazotrophs in crop-farming systems: can their potential for plant growth promotion be better exploited? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36:1229–1244.
20
Maghsoudi E, Ghalavand A, Alikhani MA. 2013. Effects of Organic, Chemical, Biological, and Integrated Nutritional Systems on Yield and Quality Traits of Maize Variety S.C.704. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12 (2): 273-282. (In Persian).
21
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Zaied KA, Abd-El-Hady AH, Sharief AE, Ashour EH and Nassef MA. 2007. Effect of horizontal DNA Transfer in Azospirillum and Azotobacter Strains on biological and biochemical traits of non-legume plants. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 3(1): 73-86.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر سودوموناس فلورسنت و سودوموناس پوتیدا بر برخی ویژگیهای زیستی خاک و شاخصهای عملکرد گندم تحت تنش شوری
جهت مطالعه نقش باکتریهای سودوموناس بر شاخصهای رشد گیاهگندمرقم گاسکوژن تحت تنش شوری و برخی شاخصهای شیمیایی و زیستی خاک، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل شوری در چهار سطح شاهد، 6، 8 و 10 دسیزیمنس بر متر و تلقیح با باکتری محرک رشد گیاه در سه سطح تلقیح با سودوموناس فلورسنس، تلقیح با سودوموناس پوتیدا و بدون تلقیح بود. نتایج نشان داد که شوری باعث کاهش پارامترهای عملکرد گندم از جمله حجم ریشه، وزنتر و خشک ریشه، وزنتر و خشک اندامهوایی، مقدار کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b و کلروفیل کل شده و تلقیح با باکتریهای سودوموناس موجب افزایش معنیدار این شاخصها شد. بین دو باکتری تفاوت معنیداری از لحاظ تاثیر بر شاخصهای رشد گیاه مشاهده گردید ولی در مورد اثر کلی دو باکتری نمیتوان اظهار نظر دقیق داشت. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش شوری شاخصهای زیستی از جمله کربن زیتودة میکروبی، تنفس خاک و تنفس برانگیخته کاهش یافته و کاربرد باکتری این صفات را افزایش داده است. با توجه به افزایش شاخصهای زیستی خاک در اثر تلقیح، میتوان نتیجه گرفت که تلقیح با باکتری با تاثیر مثبت بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه به طور غیرمستقیم باعث بهبود شاخصهای زیستی خاک شده است. بنابراین در شرایط شوری میتوان از باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه برای بهبود رشد و عملکرد گیاه از طریق فرایندهای تحریک رشد گیاه و به طور غیرمستقیم از طریق بهبود شاخص های زیستی خاک و در نتیجه بهبود شرایط حاصلخیزی و تغذیه گیاه استفاده نمود.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6973_4cb343b5394e0ed0f63aa41ab32d3ad1.pdf
2017-12-22
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تنش شوری
سودوموناس پوتیدا
سودوموناس فلورسنس
شاخصهای زیستی خاک
گندم
راحله
وفادار
rahelehvafadar@yahoo.com
1
1-دانشجوی سابق کارشناسیارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
AUTHOR
اکبر
قویدل
ali.ghavidel@gmail.com
2
استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
LEAD_AUTHOR
اسماعیل
گلی
3
دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
AUTHOR
علی اشرف
سلطانی طولارود
ali_soltani_t@yahoo.com
4
دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
AUTHOR
Aliasgharzad N. 2001. Labaoratory Methods in Soil Biology, Publication of University of Tabriz. (In Persian).
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4
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Reddy MP and Vora AB, 2005. Salinity induced changes in pigment composition and chlorophyllase activity of chelidonium. IndianJournalPlantPhysiology, 29: 331-334.
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Saviozzi A, Cardelli R and Di Puccio R, 2011. Impact of salinity on soil biological activities: a laboratory experiment. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 42(3): 358-367.
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32
Zeng WZ, Xu C, Wu JW, Huang JS and Ma T, 2013. Effect of salinity on soil respiration and nitrogen dynamics. Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S, 20(3): 519-530.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
عملکرد و اجزائ عملکرد دانه و محتوای نسبی آب در ذرت (Zea mays L.) تحت تنش کمبود آب و دو گونه قارچ میکوریز
اثرات دو گونه قارچ میکوریز بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد دانه، ارتفاع بوته، محتوای نسبی آب (RWC) و کلروفیل در ذرت سینگل کراس 704 تحت تنش کمآبی، تحت آزمایشی بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در سال زراعی 1395 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی مغان بررسی شد. تنش کمبود آب در دو سطح آبیاری عادی و قطع آبیاری قبل گلدهی بهعنوان عامل اصلی و سه سطح قارچ میکوریز، شاهد یا بدون تلقیح، Glomus mosseae و Glomus etunicatum بهعنوان عامل فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد تنش کمبود آب باعث کاهش معنیدار صفات عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه، ارتفاع بوته، RWC و محتوای کلروفیل گردید. میزان کاهش عملکرد دانـه، اجزای عملکرد دانه، RWC و شاخص کلروفیل در شرایط کمبود آب نسبت به شرایط آبیاری عادی بهترتیب حدود 14، 13، 20 و 13 درصد بود. قارچ میکوریز بهطور معنیدار باعث تقویت صفات ارتفاع بوته، RWC و شاخص کلروفیل نسبت به تیمار شاهد گردید. اثر متقابل تنش کمآبی × قارچ میکوریز نیز فقط برای صفات عملکرد دانه و وزن صد دانه معنیدار بود. طوریکه بیشترین عملکرد دانه در واحد بوته (8/193 گرم) و وزن صد دانه در بوته (2/36 گرم) مربوط به گونه G. mosseae در شرایط آبیاری عادی بود. گونههای قارچ میکوریز باعث تقویت عملکرد دانه، ارتفاع بوته، RWC و شاخص کلروفیل گیاه ذرت شدند. براساس نتایج این تحقیق استفاده از گونه G. mosseaeبرای تقویت علمکرد دانه و افزایش فتوسنتز تحت شرایط تنش کمآبی در ذرت مناسب به نظر میرسد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6974_ea5db48372ed44db94906b09a01394d2.pdf
2017-12-22
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تنش کمبود آب
ذرت
عملکرد
محتوای کلروفیل
میکوریز
وحید
نصرالهزاده اصل
1
1- گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
مهری
یوسفی
pnumehr_yoosefi@yahoo.com
2
1- گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران
AUTHOR
عزیزاله
قاسمی
ghasemi@yahoo.com
3
2- باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تبریز
AUTHOR
علی
بنده حق
vnasrollah2@yahoo.com
4
1- گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران
AUTHOR
Akbari G, Ghorchiani M, Alikhani HA, Allahdadi I and Zarei M, 2012. Effect of biological and chemical phosphate fertilizers on growth indices and grain yield of maize under deficit irrigation conditions in Karaj region. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, 22: 51-67. (In Persian).
1
Benabdellah K, Abbas Y, Abourouh M, Aroca R and Azcon R, 2011. Influence of two bacterial isolates from degraded and non-degraded soils and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi isolated from semi-arid zone on the growth of Trifolium repens under drought conditions: Mechanisms related to bacterial effectiveness. European Journal of Soil Biology 47: 303-309.
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Mirshekari B, 2016, Effect of mycorrhizal strain on yield and essence of two fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) land races under water stress conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 10: 669-682. (In Persian).
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Moharramnejad S, Valizadeh M, Sofalian O, Shiri MR and Asgri A, 2015. Effect of water deficit stress on agronomic traits and superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity in maize plant (Zea mays L.). Cereal Research, 6: 100-110. (In Persian).
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23
Shiri MR and Bahrampour T, 2015. Genotype×environment interaction analysis using GGE biplot in grain maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids under different irrigation conditions. Cereal Research, 5(1): 83-94. (In Persian).
24
Souza RP, Machadoa EC, Silva JA, Lagoa AM and Silveira J, 2004. Photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and some associated metabolic changes in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) during water stress and recovery. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 51: 45-56.
25
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29
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر رژیم آبیاری و نانوکود آهن بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد دانه و کارآیی مصرف آب شوید
به منظور بررسی اثرات نانوکودآهن و رژیمهای مختلف آبیاری بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد دانه و کارآیی مصرف آب شوید، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1394 در گلخانه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور ارومیه اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل دور آبیاری با پنج سطح، 5، 7، 9، 11 و 13 روز و نانو کود آهن در دو سطح عدم کاربرد و کاربرد به مقدار چهار لیتر در هکتار همراه با آب آبیاری، اجرا گردید. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد تاثیر نانو کود آهن و سطوح مختلف آبیاری بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد دانه و کارآیی اقتصادی و زیستی مصرف آب معنیدار بود. مقایسه میانگین نیز نشان داد با کاربرد نانو کود آهن میتوان عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه و همچنین کارآیی اقتصادی و زیستی آب را در گیاه شوید بهبود بخشید. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه مانند وزن 1000 دانه، تعداد دانه در هر بوته، تعداد گره و تعداد شاخه ثانویه از دور آبیاری پنج و 13 روز حاصل شد. با افزایش دور آبیاری و اعمال تنش خشکی، صفات عملکرد کمی (عملکرد بیوماس و عملکرد دانه) و کیفی (عملکرد اسانس) شوید کاهش معنیداری پیدا کرد. با توجه به نتایج تحقیق، کاربرد نانوکودآهن و دور آبیاری هفت روز در گیاه شوید باعث ایجاد شرایط مطلوب جهت افزایش عملکرد کمی و کیفی و کارآیی مصرف آب گردید که میتوان با جایگزینی نانوکودها به جای کودهای شیمیایی در راستای کشاورزی پایدار و حفظ محیط زیست گام برداشت.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6975_a9c507cfc851a8893ab6a60fe1dd39e0.pdf
2018-01-13
93
105
گیاه دارویی
شوید
دور آبیاری
عملکرد دانه
کارآیی مصرف آب
نانو کودآهن
اسماعیل
قلی نژاد
gholinezhad1358@yahoo.com
1
دانشیار گروه علمی علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور
LEAD_AUTHOR
Alizadeh A, Tavoosi M, Imanlo M and Nassiri M, 2002. Effect of irrigation regimes on yield and yield components of cumin. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 2(1): 35-42.
1
Amiri Deh Ahmadi SR, Rezvani Moghaddam P and Ehyaei HR, 2012. Effect of drought stress on some traits of morphological and yield of three medicinal plants dill (Anethum graveolens L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) in greenhouse condition. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 10(1): 116-124.
2
Amiri H, Emami H and Abdollahi SF, 2014. Effects of water stress on the quantity and quality of essential oil of dill (Anethum graveolens L.). Journal of Plant Process and Function, 3(10): 143-149. (In Persian).
3
Amuamuha LA, Pirzad AR and Hadi H, 2012. Effect of varying concentrations and time of Nano iron foliar application on the yield and essential oil of Pot marigold. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 3(10): 2085-90.
4
Andalibi B, Zehtab Salmasi S, Ghassemi Gholezani K and Saba J, 2011. Changes in Essential Oil Yield and Composition at Different Parts of Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) Under Limited Irrigation Conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 21(2): 11-22. (In Persian).
5
Arora DS and Kaur GJ, 2007. Antibacterial activity of some Indian medicinal plants. Journal of Natural Medicine, 61(3): 313-317.
6
Bakhtiari M, Moaveni P and Sani B, 2015. The effect of iron nanoparticles spraying time and concentration on wheat. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 7(1): 679-683.
7
Barker AV and Pilbeam DJ, 2007. Pilbeam. Handbook of plant nutrition. by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, pp: 329 - 51.
8
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9
Chandra Obul Reddy P, Sairanganayakulu G, Thippeswamy M, Sudhakar Reddy P, Reddy MK and Sudhakar C, 2008. Identification of stress- induced genes from the drought tolerant semi-arid legume crop horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) through analysis of subtracted expressed sequence tags. Plant Science, 175: 372-384.
10
Delgado IC and Sanchez-Raya AJ, 2007. Effects of sodium chloride and mineral nutrients on initial stages of development of sunflower life. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 38: 2013- 2027.
11
Drostkar E, Talebi R and Kanouni H, 2016. Foliar application of Fe, Zn and NPK nano-fertilizers on seed yield and morphological traits in chickpea under rainfed condition. Journal of Research in Ecology, 4(2): 221-228
12
Ghasemi M, 2003. The health benefits of fruits and vegetables. Press Tihoo, 104p.
13
Gorji M, Eshghizadeh H, Khosh Goftarmanesh A, Ashrafi A, Moalem A and Poursakhi N, 2009. Iron efficiency of some crops grown in solution culture. Journal of Water and Soil, 25(4): 728-735.
14
Jaleel CA, Manivannan P, Wahid A, Farooq M, Jasim H, Somasundaram R and Pannerselvam R, 2009. Drought stress in plants: a review on morphological characteristics and pigments composition. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 11: 100-105.
15
Jovkar L, Ronaghi A, Karimian NA and Ghasemi Fasaye R, 2015. Effect of applying different level of Fe and Fe EDDHA on growth and some concentration elements of bean plant in a calcareous soil. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 6(22): 9-18.
16
Kocheki A, Nasiri Mahalati M and Azizi K, 2006. The effect of irrigation intervals and plant density on yield two fennel landraces. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 4(1): 130-140. (In Persian).
17
Ladan Moghadam A, Vattani H, Baghaei N and Keshavarz N, 2012. Effect of different levels of fertilizer nanoiron chelates on growth and yield characteristics of two varieties of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.): Varamin 88 and Viroflay. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 4(12): 4813-4818.
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Miransari H, Mehrafarin A and Naghdi Badi H, 2015. Morpho-physiological and phytochemical responses of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) to foliar application of iron sulfate and zinc sulfate. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2(54): 15-29.
19
Mosavi SGR, Seghatoleslami MJ and Mosavi SM, 2013. The effect of drought stress and nitrogen values on grain yield and water use efficiency in Fennel (Foenicolum vulgare Mill). Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 5(2): 135-145. (In Persian).
20
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21
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22
Norani Azad H, Ghorbanli M and Kafilzadeh F, 2006. Effects of sodium chloride on physiological characteristics and chemical composition of dill (Anethum graveolens L.). Plant and Ecosystem, 8: 48-55.
23
Peyvandi M, Parandeh H and Mirza M, 2015. Comparison of nano Fe and Fe chelate fertilizers on the quality and the quantity of Ocimum basilicum L. essential oil. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 31(2): 185-193. (In Persian).
24
Rahmani A, Mirza M and Tabaei Aghdai SR, 2013. Effects of different fertilizaers (macro and micro element) on quantity and quality of essential oil and other byproducts of Rosa domascena Mill. In Iran. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 29(4): 747-759.
25
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26
Salardini A, 2003. Soil Fertility. Tehran university press. 434 p.
27
Sharafaldin Shirazi Sh and Fazel F, 2015. Effect of nano iron chelate fertilizer and iron fertilizer on yield and yield components of Daenian thyme (Thymus daenensis Celak.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 31(2): 374-382. (In Persian).
28
Sharafi S, Tajbakhsh M, Majidi M and Pourmirza AA, 2001. Effect of iron and zinc fertilizers on the yield of two maize cultivars in Urmia. Abstracts of the 7th Congress of Soil Science, Iran, 4-7 September: 424-425.
29
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30
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31
Yassen A, Abou El-Nour EAA and Shedeed S, 2010. Response of Wheat to Foliar Spray with Urea and Micronutrients. Journal of American Science, 6 (9): 14 - 22.
32
Zehtab-Salmasi S, Behrouznajhad S and Ghasemi-Golezani K, 2012. Effect of Foliar Application of Fe & Zn on Seed Yield and Mucilage Content of Psyllium at Different Stages of Maturity. International Conference on Enviroment, Agriculture and Food Sciences, August 11-12 (Thailand).
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی ویژگیهای کمی و کیفی ارقام عدس (Lens culinaris L.) در تاریخهای کشت مختلف تحت شرایط دیم
اثر تاریخهای مختلف کاشت بر ویژگیهای کمی و کیفی سه رقم عدس در شرایط دیم با آزمایش اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در دو سال زراعی 1394 و 1395 در کرج ارزیابی شد. تاریخ کاشت در سه زمان مختلف شامل 15 آبان، 15 دی و 25 اسفند (بهعنوان کشت بهاره و شاهد) هر دو سال بهعنوان سطوح فاکتور اصلی و سه رقم عدس شامل بیلهسوار، کیمیا و سیمره نیز سطوح فاکتور فرعی بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که اثر سال بر ویژگیهای آزمایشی عدس معنیدار نبود اما، تمام صفات مورد ارزیابی شامل تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه، تعداد و وزن گره ریشه و درصد و عملکرد پروتئین به جز درصد بقاء زمستانه تحت تاثیر تاریخ کاشت قرار گرفتند. بیشترین میزان عملکرد بیولوژیک، دانه و پروتئین (بهترتیب 1/382، 6/132 و 9/37 گرم در متر مربع) به تیمار تاریخ کاشت اول (15 آبان) و کمترین مقدار این ویژگیها (بهترتیب 6/253، 2/73 و 8/24 گرم در متر مربع) به تیمار تاریخ کشت آخر (25 اسفند) تعلق گرفت. آخرین تیمار تاریخ کاشت (25 اسفند) در مقایسه با اولین تاریخ کاشت (15 آبان) عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه را به ترتیب حدود 33 و 44 درصد کاهش داد. بیشترین مقدار صفات تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد و وزن گره نیز در تاریخ کاشت اول بدست آمد که این مقادیر بطور معنیداری بیشتر از سایر تاریخهای کاشت بودند. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که اثر رقم نیز بر عملکرد دانه و پروتئین معنیدار است. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و پروتئین در رقم بیلهسوار ثبت شد. در مجموع و با توجه به این یافتهها کشت پاییزه و رقم بیله سوار سودمندی بسیار بالایی در میزان عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد عدس داشتند.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6989_70b3594f716a19ad176c4180fc8d1601.pdf
2017-12-22
107
119
اجزای عملکرد
تاریخ کاشت
دیم
رقم
عملکرد بیولوژیک
عملکرد دانه
احمد
مهربان
ahmad.mehreban@gmail.com
1
گروه کشاورزی (زراعت)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد زاهدان
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abasi Soraki A, Majnon Hoseini N and Yazdi Samadi B. 2005. Evaluation of lentil genotypes yield potential at expectant cultures and spring cultures in Karaj condition. Iran Agriculture Science, 37(3): 403-411. (In Persian).
1
Aranjuelo I, José Irigoyen J, Nogués S and Sánchez-Díaz A. 2009. Elevated CO2 and water-availability effect on gas exchange and nodule development in N2-fixing alfalfa plants. Environment Experimental Botany, 65: 18–26.
2
Azimi N, Seifzadeh S and Shiranirad A. 2014. Effect of N and P fertilizer on some growth and agronomic of lentil in drylan condition and expectant cultures. Second national conference on applied research in agricultural science. Tehran, Tehran University. (In Persian).
3
Fateh H, Siosemardeh A and Karimpoor M. 2011. Effects of Seed Priming and Sowing Date on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Yield of Chickpea under Dry land Condition. Plant Production Technology, 2(2): 1-16. (In Persian).
4
Hamzei J and Seyedi M. 2012. Response of Three Chickpea Cultivars to Different Sowing Dates under Rainfed Conditions in Hamedan Region. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 22(4.1): 83-94. (In Persian).
5
Hamzei J, Seyedi M.and Babaei M. 2016. Competitive Ability of Lentil Cultivars to Weed Interference under Rain-fed Conditions. Journal of Agroecology, 8(1): 82-94. (In Persian).
6
ICARDA. 2001. ICARDA Annual Report 2000. International Center for Agri. Res. in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria, 114 pp.
7
Kandel H, Ashley R and McPhee K. 2013. Growing Lentil in North Dakota. NDSU, Fargo. 36 pp.
8
Khamadi N, Nezami A and Bagheri1 A. 2011. Evaluation of yield and component yield of cold tolerant lentil genotypes (Lens culinaris Medik.) in fall planting under supplementary irrigation in Mashhad. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(4): 557-565. (In Persian).
9
Lopez-Bellido FJ. Lopez-Bellido J, Kasem Khalil S and Lopez-Bellido L. 2008. Effect of planting date on winter kabuli chickpea growth and yield under rainfed Mediterranean conditions. Agronomy Journal 100(4): 954- 964.
10
Magomya AM, Kubmarawa D, Ndahi JA and Yebpella GG. 2014. Determination of Plant Proteins via the Kjeldahl Method and Amino Acid Analysis: A Comparative Study”. International Journal Science Technology Research, 3 (4): 68-72.
11
Merlo C, Reynab L, Abrila A, Valeria Améb M and Genti-Raimondi S. 2014. Environmental factors associated with heterotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in water, sediment, and riparian soil of Suquía River. Limnologica - Ecology Managment Inland Water, 48: 71–79.
12
Mohammed A, Tana T, Singh P, Korecha D and Molla A. 2016. Management Options for Rainfed Chickpea in Northeast Ethiopia under Climate Change Condition. Climate Risk Management, 97: 1-27.
13
Momeni R., Babaeian Jelodar N and Bagheri N. 2011. Evaluation of Effect of Gamma Rays Irradiation for Increasing of Variation in Germination and Agronomic Traits in Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(3): 322-330. (In Persian).
14
Mousavi SK and Pezeshkpoor P. 2006. Evaluation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars response to sowing date. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 4(1):141-154. (In Persian).
15
Mousavi SK, Pezeshkpoor P and Shahverdi M. 2005. Evaluation of sowing date and chickpea genotype on weed interference. First national congress of Pulses. Mashhad, 20-21 November. (In Persian).
16
Mousavi SK, Shahverdi M and Ahmadi A. 2005. Autumn-winter culture an effective method for escape from drought in sub-tropical dryland areas. First national congress of Pulses. Mashhad, 20-21 November. (In Persian).
17
Mousavi SK and Pezeshkpour P. 2006. Evaluation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars response to sowing date. Iranian Field Crop Research, 4: 141-154. (In Persian).
18
Mousavi SK, Ahmadi A and Ghorbani R. 2009. Evaluation the effects of sowing date and plant population on morphological characteristics and yield of chickpea and its weed population under dryland condition of Lorestan province. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 7(1):241-255. (In Persian).
19
Mousavi SK and Ahmadi A. 2009. Response of chickpea yield and yield components to sowing date, seed rate and weed interference at Lorestan province dry land condition. Journal of plant protection. 23(2): 1-13. (In Persian).
20
Oweis T, Hachum J and Pala M. 2004a. Water use efficiency of winter-sown chickpea under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management 66 (2): 163-179.
21
Oweis T, Hachum J and Pala M. 2004b. Lentil production under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management, 68 (3): 251-265.
22
Ozdemir S and Karadavut U. 2003. Comparison of the performance of autumn and spring sowing of chickpea in a temperate region. Turkish Journal of Agricalture, 27: 345- 352.
23
Parsa M and Bagheri A. 2013. Pulses. Publications by Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian).
24
Rezvani Moghadam Pand Sadeghi Samarjan R. 2008. Effect of sowing dates and different irrigation regimes on morphological characteristics and grain yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) (Cultivar 3279 ILC). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 6(2): 315-326. (In Persian).
25
Sadidi A and Armin M. 2015. The effect of competition period on yield and yield components of chickpea in conventional and dormant sowing conditions. Journal of Crop Production Research, 7(3): 223-237.(In Persian).
26
Sedaghatkhah H, Parsa M, Nezami A, Bagheri A and Porsa H. 2012. Evaluating of the morphological and phenological characteristics of cold tolerant chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes at Entezary sowing in Mashhad conditions. Iranian journal of Pulses Research, 3(1): 41-52.
27
Walley FL, Clayton GW, Miller PR, Carr PM and Lafond G. 2007. Nitrogen economy of pulse crop production in the northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 99:1710-1718.
28
Yazdi Samadi B and Peighambari SA. 2000. Effect of sowing date and seed rate on agronomic characteristics of lentil in Karaj. Journal of Iran Agriculture Sciences, 31(4): 667-675. (In Persian).
29
Zafaranieh M. 2015. Evaluating yield and phonological and morphological characteristics of chickpea genotypes in autumn cultivation under complementary irrigation regime and winter sowing in Mashhad. Agriculture Crop Management, 17(1): 271-282. (In Persian).
30
Abasi Soraki A, Majnon Hoseini N and Yazdi Samadi B. 2005. Evaluation of lentil genotypes yield potential at expectant cultures and spring cultures in Karaj condition. Iran Agriculture Science, 37(3): 403-411. (In Persian).
31
Aranjuelo I, José Irigoyen J, Nogués S and Sánchez-Díaz A. 2009. Elevated CO2 and water-availability effect on gas exchange and nodule development in N2-fixing alfalfa plants. Environment Experimental Botany, 65: 18–26.
32
Azimi N, Seifzadeh S and Shiranirad A. 2014. Effect of N and P fertilizer on some growth and agronomic of lentil in drylan condition and expectant cultures. Second national conference on applied research in agricultural science. Tehran, Tehran University. (In Persian).
33
Fateh H, Siosemardeh A and Karimpoor M. 2011. Effects of Seed Priming and Sowing Date on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Yield of Chickpea under Dry land Condition. Plant Production Technology, 2(2): 1-16. (In Persian).
34
Hamzei J and Seyedi M. 2012. Response of Three Chickpea Cultivars to Different Sowing Dates under Rainfed Conditions in Hamedan Region. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 22(4.1): 83-94. (In Persian).
35
Hamzei J, Seyedi M.and Babaei M. 2016. Competitive Ability of Lentil Cultivars to Weed Interference under Rain-fed Conditions. Journal of Agroecology, 8(1): 82-94. (In Persian).
36
ICARDA. 2001. ICARDA Annual Report 2000. International Center for Agri. Res. in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria, 114 pp.
37
Kandel H, Ashley R and McPhee K. 2013. Growing Lentil in North Dakota. NDSU, Fargo. 36 pp.
38
Khamadi N, Nezami A and Bagheri1 A. 2011. Evaluation of yield and component yield of cold tolerant lentil genotypes (Lens culinaris Medik.) in fall planting under supplementary irrigation in Mashhad. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(4): 557-565. (In Persian).
39
Lopez-Bellido FJ. Lopez-Bellido J, Kasem Khalil S and Lopez-Bellido L. 2008. Effect of planting date on winter kabuli chickpea growth and yield under rainfed Mediterranean conditions. Agronomy Journal 100(4): 954- 964.
40
Magomya AM, Kubmarawa D, Ndahi JA and Yebpella GG. 2014. Determination of Plant Proteins via the Kjeldahl Method and Amino Acid Analysis: A Comparative Study”. International Journal Science Technology Research, 3 (4): 68-72.
41
Merlo C, Reynab L, Abrila A, Valeria Améb M and Genti-Raimondi S. 2014. Environmental factors associated with heterotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in water, sediment, and riparian soil of Suquía River. Limnologica - Ecology Managment Inland Water, 48: 71–79.
42
Mohammed A, Tana T, Singh P, Korecha D and Molla A. 2016. Management Options for Rainfed Chickpea in Northeast Ethiopia under Climate Change Condition. Climate Risk Management, 97: 1-27.
43
Momeni R., Babaeian Jelodar N and Bagheri N. 2011. Evaluation of Effect of Gamma Rays Irradiation for Increasing of Variation in Germination and Agronomic Traits in Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(3): 322-330. (In Persian).
44
Mousavi SK and Pezeshkpoor P. 2006. Evaluation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars response to sowing date. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 4(1):141-154. (In Persian).
45
Mousavi SK, Pezeshkpoor P and Shahverdi M. 2005. Evaluation of sowing date and chickpea genotype on weed interference. First national congress of Pulses. Mashhad, 20-21 November. (In Persian).
46
Mousavi SK, Shahverdi M and Ahmadi A. 2005. Autumn-winter culture an effective method for escape from drought in sub-tropical dryland areas. First national congress of Pulses. Mashhad, 20-21 November. (In Persian).
47
Mousavi SK and Pezeshkpour P. 2006. Evaluation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars response to sowing date. Iranian Field Crop Research, 4: 141-154. (In Persian).
48
Mousavi SK, Ahmadi A and Ghorbani R. 2009. Evaluation the effects of sowing date and plant population on morphological characteristics and yield of chickpea and its weed population under dryland condition of Lorestan province. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 7(1):241-255. (In Persian).
49
Mousavi SK and Ahmadi A. 2009. Response of chickpea yield and yield components to sowing date, seed rate and weed interference at Lorestan province dry land condition. Journal of plant protection. 23(2): 1-13. (In Persian).
50
Oweis T, Hachum J and Pala M. 2004a. Water use efficiency of winter-sown chickpea under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management 66 (2): 163-179.
51
Oweis T, Hachum J and Pala M. 2004b. Lentil production under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management, 68 (3): 251-265.
52
Ozdemir S and Karadavut U. 2003. Comparison of the performance of autumn and spring sowing of chickpea in a temperate region. Turkish Journal of Agricalture, 27: 345- 352.
53
Parsa M and Bagheri A. 2013. Pulses. Publications by Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian).
54
Rezvani Moghadam Pand Sadeghi Samarjan R. 2008. Effect of sowing dates and different irrigation regimes on morphological characteristics and grain yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) (Cultivar 3279 ILC). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 6(2): 315-326. (In Persian).
55
Sadidi A and Armin M. 2015. The effect of competition period on yield and yield components of chickpea in conventional and dormant sowing conditions. Journal of Crop Production Research, 7(3): 223-237.(In Persian).
56
Sedaghatkhah H, Parsa M, Nezami A, Bagheri A and Porsa H. 2012. Evaluating of the morphological and phenological characteristics of cold tolerant chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes at Entezary sowing in Mashhad conditions. Iranian journal of Pulses Research, 3(1): 41-52.
57
Walley FL, Clayton GW, Miller PR, Carr PM and Lafond G. 2007. Nitrogen economy of pulse crop production in the northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 99:1710-1718.
58
Yazdi Samadi B and Peighambari SA. 2000. Effect of sowing date and seed rate on agronomic characteristics of lentil in Karaj. Journal of Iran Agriculture Sciences, 31(4): 667-675. (In Persian).
59
Zafaranieh M. 2015. Evaluating yield and phonological and morphological characteristics of chickpea genotypes in autumn cultivation under complementary irrigation regime and winter sowing in Mashhad. Agriculture Crop Management, 17(1): 271-282. (In Persian).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد باقلا (Vicia faba L.) در کشت مخلوط با بادرشبی (Dracocephalum moldavica) تحت تاثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی
اثر تیمارهای مختلف کودی بر عملکرد باقلا (Vicia faba L.) در کشت مخلوط با بادرشبو (Dracocephalum moldavica)، در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز در سال زراعی 1393 مطالعه گردید. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول شامل نوع کشت در پنج سطح کشت خالص باقلا، کشت خالص بادرشبو و کشت مخلوط با نسبتهای 1:1، 2:2 و 4:2 بادرشبو-باقلا و فاکتور دوم شامل نوع کود در سه سطح کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی اوره+ سوپرفسفات تریپل، کود زیستی ازتو بارور+ بارور 2+ 50 درصد کود شیمیایی و ورمیکمپوست بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین شاخص کلروفیل برگ و تعداد برگ در بوته با کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی بهدست آمد. در بین کشتهای مخلوط بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (8/56 سانتیمتر) در تیمار 1:1 مشاهده شد. تیمار مصرف 100 درصد کود شیمیایی بیشترین اثر را در افزایش وزن صد دانه و شاخص برداشت نسبت به سایر تیمارهای کودی داشت. بیشترین تعداد نیام در بوته (52/3) مربوط به کشت خالص باقلا و کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح اشغالی به کشت خالص باقلا (2/259 گرم در متر مربع) و در بین تیمارهای کودی به تیمار مصرف 100 درصد کود شیمیایی (1/202 گرم در متر مربع) تعلق داشت. در کلیه تیمارها، نسبت برابری زمین (LER) و مجموع ارزش نسبی (RVT) بالاتر از یک بودند و بیشترین میزان این شاخصها در کشت مخلوط نواری 2:2 باقلا-بادرشبو حاصل شد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6990_c85a96534ff5f328a135c7a23ed6cc03.pdf
2017-12-22
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باقلا
عملکرد دانه
کشت مخلوط جایگزینی
کودهای زیستی
نسبت برابری زمین
لیلی
وفادار ینگجه
1
گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
روح اله
امینی
rouhollahamini@yahoo.com
2
گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
LEAD_AUTHOR
عادل
دباغ محمدی نسب
mb@alo.com
3
گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
Ahmadi A, Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab A, Zehtab-Salmasi S and Amini R. 2010. Evaluation of yield and advantage indices in barley and vetch intercropping. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 20: 77-87. (In Persian).
1
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2
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3
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4
Amir-Mardfar R, Raei Y, Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab A, Khaghaninia S and Amini R. 2013. Yield and yield components of wheat as influenced by intercropping of oilseed rape and fertilizers. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Science, 3: 38-46.
5
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6
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7
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Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab A, Amini R and Tamari E. 2015. Evaluation of maize and three cultivars of common bean intercropping with application of biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 25: 99-113. (In Persian).
9
Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab A, Amon T and Kaul H. 2011. Competition and yield in intercropping of maize and sunflower for biogas. Industrial Crops and Products, 34: 1203-1211.
10
Ebwongu M, Adipala E, Sekabembe CK, Yamanywa SK and Bhagsari AS. 2001. Effect of intercropping maize and potato on yield of the component crops in central Uganda. African Crop Science Journal, 9: 83-96.
11
Esmaeili A, Hosseini M, Mohammadi M and Hosseinikhah F. 2012. Effects of alfalfa and barley intercropping patterns on dry matter yield of forage and silage. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 2: 297-277. (In Persian).
12
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13
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14
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15
Javanshir A, Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab A, Hamidi A and Gholypour M. 2000. The Ecology of Intercropping (Translated). Jahad Daneshgahi Mashhad Publications. (In Persian).
16
Khan M, Khan RU, Wahab A and Rashid A. 2005. Yield and yield components of wheat as influenced by intercropping of chickpea, lentil and rapeseed in different properties. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 42: 1-3.
17
Khoramivafa M, Eftekharinasab N, Nemati A, Sayadian K and Najafi A. 2011. Economic evaluation of medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) chickpea intercropping system associated with several nitrogen levels. Journal of Agronomy Sciences, 3(5): 53-62. (In Persian).
18
Kumar B, Pandey P and Maheshwari DK, 2009. Reduction in dose of chemical fertilizers and growth enhancement of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) with application of rhizospheric competent Pseudomonas aeruginosa. European Journal of Soil Biology 45: 334-340.
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21
Mashhadi T, Nakhzari-Moghadam A and Sabouri H. 2012. Investigation of competition of wheat and chickpea under nitrogen consumption. Agroecology Journal, 3: 344-355. (In Persian).
22
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23
Mohammad-Varzi R, Habibi D, Vazan S and Pazeki A. 2010. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and growth promoter on quality of sunflower seeds. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 3: 150-160. (In Persian).
24
Nagananda GS, Das A, Bhattacharya S and Kalpana T, 2010. In vitro studies on the effects of bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter and Rhizobium) on seed germination and development of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. using a novel glass marble containing liquid medium. International Journal of Botany, 6: 394-403.
25
Nasrollahzadeh-Asl A, Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab A, Zehtab Salmasi S, Moghaddam M and Javanshir A. 2012. Evaluation of potato and cowpea intercropping. Crops Ecophysiology Journal, 6(2): 111-126. (In Persian).
26
Omidbeigi R. 2005. Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants. Astaneh Ghods-e-Razavi Pubications, Mashhad. (In Persian)
27
Oswald A, Ransom JK, Kroschel J and Sauerborn J. 2002. Intercropping controls Striga in maize based farming systems. Crop Protection, 21: 367-374.
28
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29
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30
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر روش خاکورزی و حفظ بقایا بر عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات زراعی ذرت علوفهای در شرایط تنش آبی
آزمایش با هدف بررسی تاثیر روش خاکورزی و حفظ بقایا، بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد، کارایی مصرف آب ذرت علوفهای و برخی خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک، در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی جلگه رخ شهرستان تربت حیدریه استان خراسان رضوی، در قطعه زمینی که از پاییز سال 1391 تحت مدیریت نظام کشاورزی حفاظتی بود، با استفاده از کرتهای دو بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1394اجرا گردید. مدیریت مزرعه در دوره سه ساله قبل از انجام این آزمایش، به گونهای بود که تیمارهای خاکورزی و مدیریت بقایا مشابه همین آزمایش، و با کرتهای ثابت، بصورت تناوب گندم- شبدر- چغندرقند – جو اعمال گردید. تیمارها شامل شیوههای مختلف خاکورزی (بدون خاکورزی ، کم خاکورزی و خاکورزی متداول)، مدیریت بقایا (صفر،30 و60 درصد حفظ بقایا) و تنش آبی (آبیاری با 50، 75 و100 درصد نیاز آبی) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر روش خاکورزی بر عملکرد علوفه معنیدار بود و در تیمار کم خاکورزی بیش از 6 درصد نسبت به خاکورزی رایج، افزایش عملکرد مشاهده شد. تیمار حفظ بقایا بر هیچ یک از ویژگیهای مورد بررسی تاثیر معنیداری نداشت ولی تیمار تنش آبی تاثیر معنیداری بر میزان عملکرد علوفه، شاخص کیفی علوفه، قطر ساقه، کارآیی مصرف آب و طول دوره تاسلدهی داشت. روش کم خاکورزی همراه با حفظ 60 درصد بقایا، با دارا بودن عملکرد 41180 کیلوگرم در هکتارو کارآیی مصرف آب 2/7 کیلوگرم در متر مکعب، از راهکارهای مناسب در مقایسه با سایر روشها بود.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6993_7d028d62efa55c6f56c30572c9fab859.pdf
2017-12-22
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بقایای گیاهی
خاکورزی
ذرت
عملکرد علوفه
کارآیی مصرف آب
هادی
حسن زاده
1
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل و مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
محمد
گلوی
galavi@gmail.com
2
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل
AUTHOR
محمد
رمرودی
3
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
AUTHOR
حمیدرضا
شریفی
4
مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی
AUTHOR
Aase JK and Pikul JL, 1995. Crop and soil response to long-term tillage practices in the northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 87 (4): 652–656.
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66 (2): 153–163.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی تاثیر کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و رشد شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum-graecum)
امروزه بکارگیری ریزموجودات مفید خاکزی با عنوان کودهای زیستی به عنوان مطلوبترین راه حل برای حفظ نظام حیاتی اراضی کشاورزی مطرح است. باکتریهای آزادکننده پتاسیم، تثبیتکننده نیتروژن و حلکننده فسفر باعث میشوند عناصر بیشتری به صورت قابل جذب در دسترس گیاه قرار گیرد. به منظور بررسی اثر کود زیستی پتابارور2، باکتری سینوریزوبیوم ملیلوتی و کود اوره بر عملکرد و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی گیاه شنبلیله آزمایشی در قالب بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 5 تیمار و 3 تکرار به اجرا درآمد. تیمارها شامل کود زیستی پتابارور2، باکتری (Sinorhizobium meliloti)، تلقیح سینوریزوبیوم+پتابارور2، شاهد مثبت (کوددهی مبتنی بر آنالیز خاک) و شاهد منفی (بدون کوددهی و تلقیح) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که صفات تعداد و سطح برگ و همچنین وزن تر و خشک شاخساره تحت تاثیر تیمار سینوریزوبیوم در سطح احتمال 1% معنیدار شدند. تمام صفات فیزیولوژیکی اندازه گیری شده به جز کارتنوئید در سطح احتمال 1 % و 5 % معنیدار شدند. تلقیح بذر شنبلیله با کود زیستی سینوریزوبیوم و پتابارور2 منجر به افزایش اکثر صفات رویشی و در نتیجه عملکرد شاخساره شد. کاربرد منفرد این کودهای زیستی نتایج بهتری را نسبت به کاربرد تلفیقی آنها داشت. به طور کلی کاربرد سینوریزوبیوم ملیلوتی نتیجه بهتر و کارآمدتر را در افزایش عملکرد، صفات کیفی و رشد گیاه شنبلیه نسبت به کود پتابارور2 و تلقیح سینوریزوبیوم و پتابارور2 را داشت.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6997_cdd241b6a6ed0398531e4dd92fa96deb.pdf
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پتابارور2
سطح برگ
سینوریزوبیوم
کود زیستی
کلروفیل
سمیرا
منبری
menbari@gmail.com
1
دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
سعیده
علیزاده سالطه
s.a.salte@gmail.com
2
گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
LEAD_AUTHOR
صاحبعلی
بلند نظر
3
گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
محمدرضا
ساریخانی
sarikhani@gmail.com
4
گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
Abdelgani ME, Elsheikh EAE and Mukhtar NO. 1999. The effect of Rhizobium inoculation and chemical fertilization on seed quality of fenugreek. Food Chemistry, 64(3): 289-293.
1
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2
Amooaghayi R and Mostajeran A. 2008. Plant and bacteria symbiosis systems. Isfahan university
3
publication, 237 pages. (In Persian).
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Baboo R and Sharma R. 1995. Nutrient uptake and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) as affected by nitrogen, phosphorus and cutting management. Vegetable Science, 22(2): 77-88.
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Bairva M, Meena SS and Mehta RS. 2012. Effect of bio-fertilizers and plant growth regulators on growth and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). International Journal of Seed Spices, 2(1): 28-33.
7
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کنجد تحت تاثیر سطوح آبیاری و کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی
با هدف ارزیابی تاثیر کودهای مختلف شیمیایی و زیستی و رژیمهای آبی روی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) آزمایشی در سالهای زراعی 1392 و 93 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد بصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سه سطح آبیاری( 100%، 75% و 50% تامین نیاز آبی کنجد) و فاکتور فرعی شامل هشت تیمار کود شیمیایی و زیستی (نیتروژن، فسفر، نیتروژن+فسفر، نیتروکسین، بیوفسفر، نیتروکسین+بیوفسفر، بیوسولفور و شاهد) بود. نتایج نشان داد در سطح آبیاری 100% بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد بذر در کپسول، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد کپسول در بوته مربوط به تیمارهای نیتروژن+فسفر و نیتروژن بود. بطور کلی، در شرایط تامین 50% نیاز آبی، کودهای زیستی بخصوص نیتروکسین و نیتروکسین+بیوفسفر سبب بهبود ارتفاع گیاه، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد به میزان مشابه و یا حتی بهتر از کودهای شیمیایی شدند. عملکرد دانه با اجزای عملکرد شامل تعداد دانه در کپسول، تعداد کپسول در بوته و وزن هزار دانه همبستگی معنیدار را نشان داد. در شرایط بدون تنش (آبیاری 100%) بیشترین عملکرد دانه در سالهای 1392 و 1393 به ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای نیتروژن+فسفر (14/3 تن در هکتار) و نیتروژن (99/2 تن در هکتار) بود. در شرایط تنش (آبیاری 50%) حداکثر عملکرد دانه (42/2 و 31/2 تن در هکتار) در سالهای 1392 و 1393 به ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای نیتروکسین و بیوسولفور بود. میتوان نتیجه گرفت در شرایط تنش رطوبتی کاربرد کودهای زیستی یک راه حل مطلوب است.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6994_af6d22be555112c7436fb3c83cbbf0c1.pdf
2017-12-22
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بیوسولفور
بیوفسفر
تنش خشکی
ماده خشک
نیتروکسین
پیمان
رضایی
dr.peymanrezaee@yahoo.com
1
1- دانشجوی اسبق دکتری اگرواکولوژی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد
LEAD_AUTHOR
علیرضا
کوچکی
akooch@um.ac.ir
2
استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد
AUTHOR
مهدی
مهدی نصیری محلاتی
3
2- استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد
AUTHOR
محسن
جهان
jahan@u.ac.ir
4
3- دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر کود نانو کلسیم و هیومی پتاس بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گل لادن (Tropaeolum majus)
امروزه با توجه به آلودگیهای زیست محیطی ناشی از مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و ارائه جایگزینی برای این کودها، استفاده از فرآوردههای دیگر در این زمینه مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. بر این اساسی پژوهشی بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر کود نانو کلسیم و کود آلی هیومیکاسید پتاسیم (هیومیپتاس) بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گل لادن، بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در سال 1394-1393 در مزرعه آموزشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز به اجرا درآمد که تیمارهای مورد آزمایش شامل کود نانو کلسیم با 3 غلظت صفر، 1 و 2 در هزار و کود هیومیپتاس با 3 سطح صفر 500 و 1000 پیپی ام بود. در این پژوهش صفات مورفولوژیکی شامل طول و قطر ساقه، تعداد و سطح برگ، تعداد شاخه جانبی، تعداد گل و بذر، وزن تر و خشک برگ، ساقه و ریشه و صفات بیوشیمیایی کلروفیل کل، میزان کلسیم و پتاسیم جذبی گیاه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاکی از تاثیر معنیدار اثر متقابل دو تیمار در تمام صفات مورد ارزیابی بهغیراز طول و قطر ساقه، تعداد گل و تعداد شاخه فرعی بود. طبق نتایج بهترین وضعیت در صفات مورد ارزیابی، در تیمار غلظت 2 در هزار نانو کلسیم بههمراه سطوح 500 و 1000 پیپی ام هیومی پتاس مشاهده شد که هر دو تیمار با هم تفاوت غیر معنیدار و نسبت به تیمار شاهد تفاوت معنیداری نشان دادند. به طورکلی، کاربرد غلظت 2 در هزار نانو کلسیم به همراه سطوح مختلف کود هیومی پتاس باعث بهبود صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی در گل لادن شد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6995_000adf60509f50efaf44aa3be7061d72.pdf
2017-12-22
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واژه های کلیدی: صفات رشدی
کود آلی
کود هیومیک
کودهای نانو
گل لادن
لیلا
صالحی
leilasalehi.1370@gmail.com
1
1- دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
مهرانگیز
چهرازی
chehrazi_m@yahoo.com
2
2- استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
سید ساسان
موسوی
3
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali Poor H and Hoseini Fard SG, 2003. Diagnose and fix the lack of nutrients in pistachios, Iran Pistachio Research Institute, Rafsanjan. 53 pages. (In Persian).
1
Amiri M, Arab M, Azadegan B and Matlabi, 2013. The effect of humic acid on yield components and vase life of cut gerbera. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 13(42): 46-49. (In Persian).
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Arnon AN, 1967. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agronomy Journal, 23:112-121.
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Atiyeh, RM, Lee S, Edwards CA, Arancon NQ and Metzger JD, 2002. The influence of humic acids derived from earthworm-processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource Technology, 84(1): 7-14.
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6
Chamani A and Shahsavan markadeh M, 2014. The effect of humic acid concentrations and different times on quantitative and qualitative characteristics Brassicaceae varieties of cut flowers Hanza. Science and Technology of Greenhouse Plantation, 5(19): 157-170. (In Persian).
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Daneshvar Hakimi Mebodi N, Kafi M, Nikbakht A and Rajali F, 2011. The effect of humic acid on yield and quality Speedy green grass, Journal of Horticultural Science, 42 (4): 403- 412. (In Persian).
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GHahremani A, Akbari K and yusof poor MR, 2013. The effect of nano potassium and calcium chelate fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum), the first national conference on nanotechnology applications in industry, mining, agriculture and medicine, Karaj. (In Persian).
11
GHasemi A, Tavakoli MR and zabihi HR, 2012. Effect of Nitrogen, potassium and humic acid on growth, uptake of nitrogen and potassium in mini-tubers of potatoes under greenhouse conditions, Journal of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, 8 (1): 39-56. (In Persian).
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Ghasemi Ghahsareh M and Kafi M, 2012. Practical Flint, Vol. 1, Tenth Edition, p. 55.
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Ghorbani S, Khazaei H, Kafi M, BanayanAwal M, 2010. Effect of Humic acid irrigation water on yield and yield components in maize. Agricultural Ecology Journal, 2(1):123-131.
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Hamada AM and El-Enany AE, 1994. Effect of Nacl salinity on growth, pigment and mineral element contents, and gas exchange of broad bean and pea plants. Biologia Plantarum, 36(1): 75-81.
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Khayyat M, Tafazoli E, Eshghi S and Rajaee S, 2007. Effect of nitrogen, boron, potassium and zinc spary on yield and fruit quality of data plam. American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environment Science,2(3):289-296.
16
Liu X, Feng Z, Zhang S, Zhang J, Xiao Q and Wang Y, 2006. Preparation and testing of cementing nano subnano composites of slower controlled release of fertilizers. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 39:1598-1604.
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Mousavi M, Salehi L and Chehrazi M, 2015. Investigating the effect of nano-calcium and iron chelate fertilizers on some morphological traits of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.), The 9th Horticultural Science Congress, Ahvaz. (In Persian).
18
Najafi vafa Z, Seirus mehr AR, GHanbari A and KHomri A, 2014. The effect of humic acid fertilizer on some growth parameters in Savory nano zinc chelate, Electronic Conference on Environment and ecosystems new findings Agriculture, Renewable Energy and Environmental Research Institute of Tehran University. (In Persian).
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Nazari Delju M and alahverdi zadeh N, 2014. The effect of humic acid on morpho-physiological parameters, nutrient uptake and durability of postharvest life of cut flowers Hmyshhbhar in hydroponics. Greenhouse Cultivation Science and Technology, 5 (18): 131-142. (In Persian).
20
Peivandi M, Kamali Jamakani Z and Mirza M, 2011. Effect of Iron nano-chelate and Iron Kalat on the Growth and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Satureja. New Journal of Cellular-Molecular Biotechnology, 2 (5): 25-32. (In Persian).
21
Peivandi M, parandeh H and Mirza M, 2012. The effect of iron nano-chelate with iron chelate on growth parameters and basal antioxidant enzymes activity of Ocimum Basilicum, Journal of Cellular-Molecular Biotechnology, 1 (4): 89-99. (In persian).
22
Rashidi S, 2012. Nano fertilizers in the environment, First National Conference on Nanotechnology and its Application in Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran. (In persian).
23
Salehi L, Chehrazi M, sedighi Dehkordi F and moezi A, 2015. Investigating the Effect of Humi Potass and Potassium Sulphate on Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Matthiola incana. Master's thesis, Shahid Chamran of Ahwaz University. (In Persian).
24
Salman SR, Abou-Hussein SD, Abdel-Mawgoud AN M R and El-Nemr M A, 2005. Fruit yield and quality of watermelon as affected by hybrids and humic acid application. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 1(1):51-58.
25
Sancholi N, 2007. Investigation of the Effects of Combined Manure and Chemical Manures and Their Combinations on Soil Properties, Yield and Yield Components of Corn Cultivar Single Cros 704, Master's thesis, Faculty of Agriculture University of Zabol. (In Persian).
26
Shaviv A, 2005. Controlled Release of Fertilizers. IFA International Workshop on Enhanced-Efficiency Fertilizers, Frankfurt, Germany.
27
Tahmasebi F, Hasibi P and Meskar bashi M, 2010. The physiological effect of irrigation with NaCl and CaCl2 brine resources on three Canola (.L Brassica napus) in Ahvaz weather conditions, Master's thesis, Shahid Chamran of Ahwaz University. (In Persian).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی نیتروژنی و فسفردار بر درصد روغن و برخی خصوصیات زراعی گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorious)
به منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی نیتروژنی و فسفردار بر درصد روغن و برخی خصوصیات زراعی گلرنگ رقم محلی اصفهان، آزمایشی در سال 1392 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمار مصرف کود دامی در سه سطح شامل عدم مصرف کود دامی (شاهد)، مصرف 20 تن در هکتار کود دامی و مصرف 40 تن در هکتار کود دامی و تیمار ترکیب کودهای شیمیایی در چهار سطح شامل عدم مصرف کودهای شیمیایی (شاهد)، مصرف 25 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر +50 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، مصرف 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر + 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، مصرف 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر + 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل کودهای شیمیایی در کود دامی بر صفات تعداد شاخه فرعی فرعی، عملکرد بیولوژیکی بوته، درصد نیتروژن دانه، کارایی فیزیولوژیک فسفر، کارایی زراعی فسفر و بازیافت ظاهری فسفر معنی دار بود. به طوری که تیمار مصرف 25 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر + 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص + 40 تن در هکتار کود دامی با میانگین 88/65 کیلوگرم بر کیلوگرم و تیمار مصرف 25 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر + 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص + 20 تن در هکتار کود دامی با میانگین 21/6 کیلوگرم بر کیلوگرم به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین مقدار کارایی فیزیولوژیک فسفر را داشتند.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_6998_41f6448f13f51f9045c20e3661f6ff97.pdf
2017-12-22
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درصد نیتروژن
عملکرد بیولوژیک
کارایی زراعی فسفر
کارایی فیزیولوژیک
گلرنگ
مرجان
قنبری کاشان
mrghanbari@yahoo.com
1
1-دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نراق
AUTHOR
محمد
میرزاخانی
hm_mirzakhani@yahoo.com
2
استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد فراهان
LEAD_AUTHOR
سید امیر فرید
هاشمی
safhashemi@yahoo.com
3
استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نراق
AUTHOR
Abbadi J and Gerendaas J, 2011. Effect of phosphorus supply components of safflower and sunflower. Journal of Plant Nutriation, 34(12): 1769-1787.
1
Alinaghipour, M, 2014. The effect of simultaneous cropping on agronomic characteristics of spring safflower cultivars (Cartamus tinctorius L.) In Aran and Bidgol region. M.Sc Thesis university of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch. 120 pages.
2
Azimzadeh SM, 2013. Study on replacement probability of composted organic manure with chemical fertilizer in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) organic farming. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 6(19): 1304-1311.
3
Bybordi A, 2008. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus rates on cultural Circumestances, grain yield and fat contents. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 80: 186-194.
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Christos A, Dordas CA and Sioulas C, 2008. Safflower yield, Chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and water use efficiency response to nitrogen fertilization under rainfed conditions. Industrial and Products,
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27: 75-85.
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Dordas AC and Sioulas C, 2008. Safflower yield, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis and water use efficiney response to nitrogen fertilation under rainfed conditions. Industrial crops and products,
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27: 75-85.
9
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Ebrahimian A and Soleymani A, 2013. Response of yield components, seed and oil yields of safflower to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. International journal of Agronomy and Plant Production, 4(5): 1029-1032.
11
Farahani, S, 2011. Effect of manure, nitrogen fertilizer and inoculation with Azetobacter on agronomic and physiological traits in winter safflower. M.Sc Thesis university of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch. 190 pages.
12
Golzarfar M, Shiranirad AH, Delkhosh B and Bitarafan Z, 2012. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) response to different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates in two planting seasons. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, Scinentific Journal, 99(2): 159-166.
13
Gorttappeh A, Ghalavand H, Ahmadi MR and K.Miria S. 2000. Effecets of organic, inorganic and integrated fertilizers on quantitative and quantitative trails of different cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in western Azorabayjan, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Islamic Azad University., 2(85):104-130.
14
Landau S, Molle G, Foisb N, Friedman S, Barkai D, Decandia M, Carbide A, Dash L and Sitix M, 2005. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as a novel pasture species for dairy sheep in the Mediterranean condition of Sardinia and Israel. Small Ruminant Research, 59: 239-249.
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Marino MA, Mazzanti A, Assuero SG and Gastal F, 2004. Nitrogen dilution curves and nitrogen efficiency during winter – spring of annual Rye grass. Agronomy Journal, 96: 601-607.
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Mirzakhani, M, 2009. Effects of co-inoculation of Azotobacter and Mycorrhiza under Nitrogen and Phosphorus levels on nutrients absorbtion efficiency in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Ph.D Thesis university of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch-Khouzestan. 277 pages.
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Rajput RL and Gautam DS, 1992. Relative performance of safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.) varieties with different levels of nitrogen under rainfed condition. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 37: 290-292.
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Rameshneik D, Halepyati AS and Pujri B, 2008. Effects of Organic Manures and Fertilizer Levels on Seed Yield and Economics of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21(1): 104-105.
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Rasouli S, 2011. Effect of Azotobacter, manure and nitrogen application on yield and yield component of winter safflower. M.Sc Thesis university of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch. 106 pages.
20
Ravi S, Channal HT, Hebsur NS, Patil HT and Dharmatti PR, 2008. Effect of Sulphur, Zinc and Iron Nutrition on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Quality of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21(3): 382-385.
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Roy RN, Finck A, Blair GJ and Tandon HLS, 2006. Plant Nutrition for Food Security, A Guide for Integrated Nutrient Management. FAO Fertilizer and Plant Nutrition Bulletin 16. Rome: FAO.
22
Safari M, Madadizade M and Shariatinia F, 2011. Investigation of Nutritional Effects of Nitrogen, Boron and Sulfur on Quantitative and Qualitative Charactristics of Safflower Grain (Cartamus tinctorius L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science. 42 (1): 133-141.
23
Taleshi K, Shokuh-far AR, Rafiee M, Noormahmoudi Gh and Sakinejad T, 2012. Safflower Yield Respond to Chemical and Biotic Fertilizer on Water Stress Condition. World Applied Sciences Journal, 20 (11): 1472-1477.
24
Vennila C and Jayanthi C, 2006. Effect of integrated nitrogen management on nitrogen use efficiency in wet seeded rice + daincha dual cropping system. Madras Agricultural Journal, 93 (7-12): 274-277.
25
Weiss E, 2000. Oilseed Crops. Blackwell Publishing Limited, London, UK.
26
Zahir Afridi M, Tariq Jan M, Imtiaz A and Azim Khan M, 2002. Yielding components of Canola response to NPK nutriation.Pakistan Journal of Agronomy, 4: 133-135.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه رازیانه با کاربرد تلفیقی باکتریهای تأمین کننده نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم با قارچ میکوریزا در یک نظام زراعی کم نهاده
اثر کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) در آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و 12 تیمار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه در سال زراعی 95-1394 مطالعه شد. فاکتور اول سه توده رازیانه (ارومیه، همدان و آلمان) و فاکتور دوم چهار نوع کود زیستی شامل کود زیستی کامل (ازتو بارور 1، فسفر بارور 2 و پتابارور 2)، قارچ میکوریزا (گلوموس اینترارادایسز)، تلفیق کود زیستی کامل + قارچ میکوریزا و عدم مصرف کود (شاهد) را شامل میشدند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کودهای زیستی منجر به افزایش معنیدار اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد دانه گردید و در این میان تیمار تلفیقی کود زیستی کامل+ قارچ میکوریزا نسبت به تیمارهای مصرف جداگانه بیشترین تاثیر را در افزایش صفات مورد مطالعه داشتند. بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیک (38/520 گرم در متر مربع) و عملکرد دانه (68/146 گرم در متر مربع) در تیمار تلفیقی کود زیستی کامل+ قارچ میکوریزا مشاهده شد. عملکرد دانه توده آلمان (39/142 گرم در متر مربع) نسبت به دو توده همدان و ارومیه بالاتر بود. به طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از کودهای زیستی اثر معنی داری در بهبود عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد رازیانه داشت.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_7000_c4f1406d8e73eda50837c49d2c78d115.pdf
2017-12-22
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ازتو باکتر
توده بومی
سودوموناس
کود زیستی
گیاه دارویی
فاطمه
زمانی
fati.1991@yahoo.com
1
1-دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آگرو اکولوژی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
رضا
امیرنیا
ramirnia@yahoo.com
2
دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه
LEAD_AUTHOR
اسماعیل
رضایی چیانه
ismaeil.rezaei@gmail.com
3
استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
امیر
رحیمی
emir10357@gmail.com
4
-استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
Amoaghaie R and Mostajeran A. 2007. Symbiosis (Plant and Bacteria Cooperation). Isfahan University Publisher. 237 pp. (In Persian).
1
Azimi R, Jang ju M and Asghari HR. 2014. Effects of mycorrhiza symbiosis on initial establishment and morphological traits of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) under natural conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 11(4): 666-676. (In Persian).
2
Badran FS and Safwat MS. 2004. Response of fennel plants to organic manure and bio-fertilizers in replacement of chemical fertilization. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research. 82: 247-256.
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Bastami A and Majidian M. 2016. Comparison between mycorrhizal fungi, phosphate biofertilizer and manure application on growth parameters and dry weight of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Medicinal Plant. 7: 23-33. (In Persian).
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Behzad Amiri M, Rezvani Moghaddam P and Jahan M. 2017. Effects of Organic Acids, Mycorrhiza and Rhizobacteria on Yield and Some Phytochemical Characteristics in Low-Input Cropping System. Journal of Agricultural and Sustainable Production. 27: 45-61. (In Persian).
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Behzadi Y, Salehi A, Balouchi H aTnd Yadavi A. 2016. Effect of Biological, Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.). Journal of Agricultural and Sustainable Production. 25: 162-175. (In Persian).
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Dadrasan M, Chaichi MR, Pourbabaee AA, Yazdani D and Keshavarz-Afshar R. 2015. Deficit irrigation and biological fertilizer influence on yield and trigonelline production of fenugreek. Industrial Crops and Products. 77: 156-162.
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Darzi MT, Ghalavand A and Rejali F. 2008. Effect of mycorrhiza, vermicompost and phosphate biofertilizer application on flowering, biological yield and root colonization in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 10: 88-109. (In Persian).
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Darzi MT, Ghalavand A, Rejali F and Sefidkon F. 2006. Effects of Biofertilizers Application on Yield and Yield Components in Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 22: 276-292. (In Persian).
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Esmaielpour B, Jalilvand P and Hadian J. 2013. Effects of drought stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on some morphophysiological traits and yield of savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Journal of Agroecology. 5: 169-177. (In Persian).
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13
Hamzei J and Salimi F. 2014. Root Colonization, Yield and Yield Components of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) Affected by Mycorhizal Fungi and Phosphorus Fertilizer. Journal of Agricultural and Sustainable Production. 24: 85-96. (In Persian).
14
Hamzei J and Sarmadi Naiebi H. 2010. Effect of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers Application on Yield, Yield Components, Agronomic Efficiency and Nitrogen Uptake in Corn. Plant Production Technology. 10: 53-63. (In Persian).
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Hashemzadeh F, Mirshekari B, Yarnia M, Rahimzadeh Khoei F and Tarinejhad A, 2014. Effect of Bio and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield, Yield Components and Mycorrhizal Colonization Percent on Common Dill (Anethum graveolens L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 8: 257-270. (In Persian).
16
Hosseini MN and Emami DS, 2007. Cultivation and Production of certain Herb and Spices. University of Tehran Press, Iran 300 pp. (In Persian).
17
James B, Rodel D, Lorettu U, Reynaldo E and Tariq H. 2008. Effect of vesicular arboscular mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi inoculation on coppicing ability and drought resistance of Senna Spectabilis. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 40: 2217-2224.
18
Koocheki AR, Shabahang J, Khorramdel S and Nadjafi F. 2015. Effects of mycorrhiza inoculation and different irrigation levels on yield, yield components and essential oil contents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L.). Journal of Agroecology. 7: 20-37. (In Persian).
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Makkizadeh M, Chaichi M, Nasrollahzadeh S and Khavazi K. 2011. The Effect of Biologic and Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Essential Oil Constituents of Dill (Anethum graveolens L.). Journal of Agricultural and Sustainable Production. 21: 52-62. (In Persian).
20
Makkizadeh M, Nasrollahzadeh S, Zehtab Salmasi S, Chaichi M and Khavazi K, 2011. The Effect of Organic, Biologic and Chemical Fertilizers on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Journal of Agricultural and Sustainable Production. 22: 1-12. (In Persian).
21
Masoumi Zavarian A, Yousefi Rad M and Asghari M. 2015. Effects of Mycorrhizal Fungi on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Anise Plant (Pimpinella anisum) under Salt Stress. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 4: 139-148. (In Persian).
22
Mishra BK, Meena K, Dubey PN and Aishwath OP. 2016. Influence on yield and quality of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) grown under semi-arid saline soil, due to application of nativephosphate solubilizing rhizobacterial isolates. Ecological Engineering. 97: 327–333.
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Moradi R, Rezvani Moghaddam P, Nasiri Mahallati M and Lakzian A. 2009. The effect of application of organic and biological fertilizers on yield, yield components and essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel). Journal of Agricultural Research. 7: 625-635. (In Persian).
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Nagananda GS Das A, Bhattacharya S and Kalpana T. 2010. In vitro studies on the effects of biofertilizers (Azotobacter and Rhizobium) on seed germination and development of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. using a novel glass marble containing liquid medium. International Journal of Botany. 6: 394-403.
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Naik PS, Chanemougasoundharam A, Paul Khurana SM and Kalloo G. 2003. Genetic manipulation of carotenoid pathway in higher plants. Current Sciences. 85:1423-1430.
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Narula N, Kumar V, Behl RK, Gransee A, Gransee W and Merbach W. 2000. Effect of Psolubilizing Azotobacter chroococcum on N, P, K uptake in P-responsive wheat genotypes grown under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 163: 393-398.
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Nazari M and Fallah S. 2014. Effects of Biofertilizers and Chemical Fertilizer Combination on the Quantity and Quality of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum) Medicinal Plant. Plant Production Technology. 14: 77-87. (In Persian).
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Nazeri P, Kashani A, Khavazi K, Ardakani MR, Mirakhori M and Pour siah bidi M. 2010. The effect of biofertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer banding with Zinc on whitebean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Agroecology. 2: 175-185. (In Persian).
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Nemati M and Dahmardeh M. 2015. Effect of application of bio-fertilizers and organic manure on yield and morphological index of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Journal of Agroecology. 7: 62-73. (In Persian).
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Omid Beygi R. 2007. Approaches for Production and Processing in Medicinal Plants. Vol. 1. Fekr-e- Rooz, Publication, Tehran, Iran 283 pp. (In Persian)
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Patel VI, Saravaita SN, Arvadia MK, Chaudhari JH, Ahir MP and Bhalerao R.E, 2010. Effects of conjuctive use of bio-organics and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of Rabi Fennel (Foeniculum vulgar Mill.) under south Gujarat conditions. International journal of Agricultural Sciences, 6: 178-181.
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Pouryousef M. 2015. Effects of terminal drought stress and harvesting time on seed yield and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 6: 889-897. (In Persian).
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Raie Y, Shareati J and Wisany W, 2015. Effect of biological fertilizers on seed oil, yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) at different Irrigation. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 25 (1): 65-84. (In Persian).
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Rezaei- Chiyaneh E, Jalilian J, Ebrahimian E and Seyyedi S M. 2015. The effect of biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of ajowan (Carum copticum L.) at different irrigation levels. Journal of Agricultural Crops Production. 17: 775-788. (In Persian).
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Rezaei- Chiyaneh E, Pirzad A and Farjami A. 2014. Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulfur Supplier Bacteria on Seed Yield and Essential Oil of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Journal of Agricultural and Sustainable Production. 4: 72-83. (In Persian).
36
Shabahang J, Khorramdel S and Gheshm R. 2013. Evaluation of symbiosis with Mycorhizzal on yield, yield components and essential oil of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and ajowan (Carum copticum L.) under different nitrogen levels. Journal of Agroecology. 5: 289-298. (In Persian).
37
Sharma AK, 2002. Biofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture. Agro-bios, India.
38
Song H, 2005. Effects of VAM on host plant in the condition of drought stress and its Mechanisms. Electronic Journal of Biology. 1: 44-48.
39
Spaepen S and Dobbelaere S. 2008. Effects of Azospirillum brasilense indole-3-acetic acidproduction on inoculated wheat plants. Plant Soil. 312: 15-23.
40
Valaii L, Noormohamadi GH, Hasanloo T and Haj Seyed Hadi MR, 2015. Effect of organic manure and bio-fertilizer on growth traits and quantity yield in milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaerth). Journal of Agricultural Crops Production. 7: 238-251. (In Persian).
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Yadegari M, Asadirahmani H, Noormohammadi G and Ayneband A. 2010. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria increase growth, yield and nitrogen fixation in Phaseolus vulgaris. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 33: 1733-1743. (In Persian).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
واکاوی موانع و محدودیتهای توسعه کشاورزی ارگانیک از دیدگاه کارشناسان وزارت جهاد کشاورزی
در دهههای اخیر، با توجه به فراگیر شدن کشاورزی ارگانیک در سراسر دنیا، اهمیت سلامت کره زمین، تولید غذای ارگانیک و سالم برای جمعیت رو به رشد و افزایش اقبال به بازارهای جهانی محصولات ارگانیک، توسعه کشاورزی ارگانیک در ایران مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. تحقیق حاضر باهدف واکاوی موانع و محدودیت های توسعه کشاورزی ارگانیک ایران و به روش توصیفی- همبستگی انجام گرفت. جامعه آماری این پژوهش کارشناسان وزارتخانه جهاد کشاورزی بود (114=N) که بر اساس جدول نمونه گیری کرجسی و مورگان، حجم نمونه 85 نفر تعیین شد. روش نمونهگیری و انتخاب افراد در جامعه، روش طبقهای با انتساب متناسب بوده است و در داخل طبقهها تعداد نمونه مورد نیاز بهطور کاملاً تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی جمعآوری دادهها، پرسشنامه بود که روایی محتوایی آن توسط کارشناسان و صاحبنظران تولیدات ارگانیک تأیید شد. پایایی ابزار سنجش با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید گردید که مقدار آن 95/0 به دست آمد. نتایج تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، حکایت از شناسایی چهار مانع و محدودیت اصلی شامل موانع و محدودیت های نهادی- ساختاری، ارتباطی- آموزشی، دانش فنی و حمایتی داشت. این عوامل درمجموع 8/85 درصد از کل واریانس مربوط به متغیرهای موانع و محدودیت های توسعه کشاورزی ارگانیک را تبیین کردند. با توجه به نتایج، توسعه کشاورزی ارگانیک بیش از هر چیز مستلزم توسعه زیر ساخت های نهادی و ساختاری می باشد تا با اتکا به آن و برنامه ریزی در جهت ارائه آموزشهای بنیادین و اساسی به منظور ارتقا سطح دانش فنی تولیدکنندگان و همچنین ارائه حمایت های لازم از ایشان موانع و محدودیت های توسعه کشاورزی ارگانیک را هموار نمود.
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توسعه
غذا
کشاورزی ارگانیک
محدودویت
موانع
مائده
هاتفی
maede_htf@yahoo.com
1
1- دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
مهناز
محمدزاده
2
عضو هیات علمی گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 193953697 تهران . ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
حسین
حسین شعبانعلی فمی
3
دانشیار دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
Abdolahi S. 2008. Prospects for the development of organic farming in Iran. Tehran: Planning and Research Institute of Agricultural Economics. (In Persian).
1
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Moradi J, Heidari M, Azizi M and Yagoobi A. 2011. Analyzes the status of organic farming as a sustainable agricultural development platform to empower the farmers (case study cities Qorveh and Divandarreh). Proceedings of the National Conference on sustainable rural development, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 15 and 16 July. (In Persian).
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Ozguven N, 2012. Organic foods motivations factors for consumers. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 62: 661 – 665.
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Papzan A and Shiri N. 2012. Study of the problems of development of organic farming. Space Quarterly Journal of Economics and Rural Development, Number 1. Pages 126-113. (In Persian).
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Parra Lopez C and Requena C, 2005. Factors related to the adoption of organic farming in Spanish olive orchards, Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 3 (1): 5- 16.
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Sanjabi M.2012. Iran could surround the world organic market. Available at: http://vista.ir. (In Persian).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی کشت مخلوط شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum- graecum L.) و گل داودی (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.) و اثر آن بر جمعیت حشرات
ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط در ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﻪدﻟﯿﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ و زراﻋﯽ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. بهمنظور بررسی ویژگیهای زراعی گل داودی (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.) در کشت مخلوط با شنبلیله(Trigonella foenum- graecum L.) ، آزمایشی با هفت تیمار شامل تیمارهای T1 : 100 درصد شنبلیله، T2: 100 درصد گل داودی، T3 50 درصد گل داودی و 50 درصد شنبلیله، T4: 35 درصد گل داودی و 65 درصد شنبلیله، T5: 35 درصد شنبلیله و 65 درصد گل داودی، T6: 25 درصد گل داودی و 75 درصد شنبلیله و T7: 25 درصد شنبلیله و 75 درصد گل داودی در سه تکرار بهاجرا درآمد. بالاترین میزان وزنتر بوته (3/289 گرم) و ریشه (3/41 گرم) داودی در تیمار T7 و بالاترین تعداد شاخه در تیمارهای T5، T6 و T7مشاهده شد. بالاترین میزان وزن خشک گل در تیمارهایT5 (31 گرم) و T7 (9/30 گرم) ملاحظه گردید. تعداد گل تولید شده در داودی تحت تاثیر معنیدار تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفت و بالاترین تعداد گل (7/218) در هر متر مربع در تیمارT5 (35 درصد شنبلیله و 65 درصد داودی) مشاهده شد. بالاترین مقادیر متغیرهای معنیدار برای شنبلیله، از الگوهای کشت خالص (وزنتر و خشک گیاه، تعداد میوه، وزنتر و خشک ریشه) بهدست آمد. نسبت برابری زمین در همه الگوهای کشت مخلوط بالاتر از یک بود که حاکی از برتری کشت مخلوط بر تککشتی داشت. همچنین بیشترین تعداد آفات در کشتهای خالص و بیشترین تعداد دشمنان طبیعی در کشتهای ردیفی مشاهده شد.
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اجزای عملکرد
شنبلیله
حشرات
گل داودی
نسبت برابری زمین
لمیا
وجودی مهربانی
lamiavjodimehrabani@gmail.com
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گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان
AUTHOR
سولماز
عظیمی
s_azimi2007@yahoo.com
2
گروه 'گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان
LEAD_AUTHOR
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