اثرات سایه اندازی روی سرعت و دوام پر شدن دانه و عملکرد ارقام باقلا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

            آزمایشی دو ساله در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز در سال های 1381 و 1382 اجرا شد تا تاﺃتیر سایه اندازی روی روند پر شدن دانه و عملکرد ارقام باقلا ارزیابی شود. بذرهای سه رقم باقلا شامل برکت، سرازیری و HBP-B در هشت و 15 اردیبهشت ماه  با دست کاشته شدند. هر دو آزمایش بصورت اسپلیت پلات با طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار بودند. سطوح سایه در کرت های اصلی و ارقام درکرت های فرعی قرار گرفتند. تیمارهای سایه شامل، بدون سایه(شاهد)، 18 درصد، 48 درصد و 70 درصد سایه بود. دوره پر شدن دانه برای ارقام باقلا مشابه بود، ولی سرعت پر شدن دانه و حداکثر وزن دانه ارقام برکت و سرازیری بیشتر از HBP-B بود. اگرچه، وزن صد دانه برکت و سرازیری بیشتر از HBP-B بود، ولی  رقم HBP-B از نظر تولید دانه در بوته و محصول دانه در واحد سطح برتری آشکاری داشت. دوره پر شدن دانه در سایه،سه تا چهار روز طولانی تر از شاهد بود که به تولید دانه های درشت تر در سایه منجر شد. در نتیجه میانگین عملکرد دانه باقلا در واحد سطح برای گیاهان تحت سایه بیشتر از گیاهان بدون سایه بود. بنابراین، باقلا را می توان در کشت مخلوط و آگروفارستری که نور یک عامل محدودکننده می­باشد، یه طور موفقیت آمیزی مورد استفاده قرار داد.
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کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Shading on Rate and Duration of Grain Filling and Yield of Faba Bean Cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • S Nasrollah zadeh
  • K Ghassemi Golezani
  • Y Raey
چکیده [English]

Two field experiments were conducted at the Research Farm of Tabriz University in 2002 and 2003, to evaluate effects of shading on rate and duration of grain filling and yield of faba bean cultivars. Seeds of three faba bean cultivars including Barakat, Saraziri and HBP-B were sown by hand on 28 April 2002 and 7 May 2003. Both experiments were split- plot, based on randomizedcomplete block design with three replications. Shading levels and cultivars were allocated to the main and sub-plots, respectively. Shading treatments consisted of no shade (control), 18%, 48% and 70% shade. Grain filling duration was similar for faba bean cultivars. However grain filling rate and maximum grain weight of Barakat and Saraziri were higher than HBP-B. Although, mean grain weight of barakat and saraziri were significantly higher than HBP-B, but HBP-B was clearly superior in production of the number of grain per plant  and grain yield per unit area. Grain filling duration under shade was 3-4 days longer than under control, which resulted in producing comparatively larger grains under shade. Consequently, mean grain yield of faba bean per unit area for shaded plants was higher than that for unshaded plants. Therefore, faba bean can be successfully used in intercropping and agro forestry, where shadind is a limiting factor.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultivar
  • Faba Bean
  • Seed filling
  • Shading
  • Yield

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