مقایسه تأثیر بیوچار و ورمی‌کمپوست بر برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گل مغربی (Oenothera biennis) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران.

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران

3 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران.

چکیده

اهداف: این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تاثیر بیوچار تولید شده از ضایعات حاصل از هرس درختان انار و مقایسه آن با ورمی‌کمپوست بر گل مغربی تحت تنش خشکی انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: تیمارها شامل سطوح مختلف کاربرد اصلاح‌کننده آلی (هفت سطح شامل عدم کاربرد اصلاح کننده، کاربرد 10، 20 و 30تن‌در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست و کاربرد 10، 20 و 30تن‌در هکتار بیوچار) در سه سطح تنش خشکی (آبیاری در 80، 60 و 40%ظرفیت مزرعه (FC)) بود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار طول برگ، سطح برگ، قطر ساقه، ارتفاع گیاه، شاخص سبزینگی برگ و محتوای نسبی آب (RWC) شد و نسبت وزن خشک ریشه به اندام هوایی و نشت یونی افزایش یافت. کاربرد 30تن‌در هکتار بیوچار و تمام سطوح کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی در شرایط تنش خشکی شدید شدند. تمام سطوح کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست توانستند شاخص سبزینگی در شرایط اعمال تنش شدید خشکی افزایش دهند و سطوح مختلف بیوچار تاثیر معنی‌داری نشان ندادند. تمام تیمارهای اصلاح کننده منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار RWC نسبت به شاهد در شرایط تنش متوسط و شدید شدند. کاربرد مقادیر 30تن‌در هکتار بیوچار و ورمی‌کمپوست منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار نشت یونی نسبت به تیمارشاهد شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌نظر می‌رسد اصلاح‌کننده‌های آلی با تاثیر بر فراهمی عناصر غذایی و همچنین افزایش ظرفیت نگهداری رطوبت در خاک به گیاه در شرایط تنش کمک کنند. اثربخشی ورمی‌کمپوست در این مطالعه در مقایسه با بیوچار بهتر بود که می‌توان آن را به محتوای بالاتر عناصر تغذیه‌ای در ورمی‌کمپوست مربوط دانست.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the effect of biochar and vermicompost on some morphophysiological characteristics of Oenothera biennis under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Mohadesi 1
  • Mostafa Shirmardi 2
  • Heidar Meftahizadeh 3
  • Jalal Gholamnezhad 3
1 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biochar produced from wastes from pruning of pomegranate trees and compare it with vermicompost Oenothera biennis under drought stress.
Materials & Methods: Treatments included different levels of organic modifier application (seven levels including no modifier application, application of 10, 20 and 30 ton ha-1 vermicompost and application of 10, 20 and 30 ton ha-1 biochar) and three levels of drought stress (irrigation in 80, 60 and 40% of field capacity (FC)).
Results: The results showed that drought stress significantly decreased leaf length, leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, chlorophyll index and relative water content (RWC) while increased the ratio of root dry weight to shoot and ion leakage. Application of 30 ton ha-1 biochar and all application levels of vermicompost decreased root dry weight to shoot ratio under severe drought stress. All application levels of vermicompost were increased the chlorophyll index under severe stress while different levels of biochar had not significant effect. All amendments significantly increased RWC compared to the control under moderate and severe stress conditions. Application of 30 ton ha-1 biochar and vermicompost decreased ion leakage compared to the control.
Conclusion: It seems that organic amendments can help the plant in stressful conditions by affecting the availability of nutrients and increasing the soil moisture holding capacity. In this study the effectiveness of vermicompost was better compared to biochar, which can be attributed to the higher content of nutrients in vermicompost.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural Waste
  • Drought Stress
  • Ion Leakage
  • Organic Amendment
  • Relative Water Content
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