اثر رژیم های دمایی و رطوبتی بر صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیکی ارقام و هیبریدهای کلزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران

2 گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تاکستان، ایران.

3 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر رژیم های دمایی و رطوبتی بر صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیکی ارقام و هیبریدهای کلزا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به مدت دو سال (95-1393) در موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج اجرا شد. در این آزمایش تاریخ کاشت در دو سطح شامل کشت به موقع (5 مهر ماه) و کشت تأخیری (5 آبان ماه)، آبیاری نیز در دو سطح شامل آبیاری معمول (شاهد) و قطع آبیاری از مرحله خورجین‌دهی به بعد به عنوان عوامل اصلی و ارقام و هیبریدهای کلزا شامل Kodiak، Traviata،Compass ،Diffusion ، Mehr2،Elvise وTassilo به عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت × آبیاری × رقم بر صفات عملکرد دانه، عملکرد روغن دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیکی، وزن هزاردانه و تعداد دانه در خورجین معنی‌دار بود. در تاریخ کاشت تأخیری و در هر دو شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش خشکی آخر فصل، هیبریدTassilo دارای بالاترین عملکرد دانه، عملکرد روغن دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیکی، غلظت پرولین و محتوای کلروفیل بود. این رقم در توسعه کشت کلزا در مناطق معتدل سرد با اقلیم خشک و نیمه خشک می‌تواند موثر باشد و قابل توصیه در شرایط کشت تأخیری توام با تنش خشکی انتهای فصل است.
واژه‌‌های کلیدی: تنش خشکی آخر فصل، کشت تأخیری، عملکرد دانه، درصد روغن، Brasica napus L.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of temperature and moisture regimes on agronomical and physiological traits of Canola cultivars and hybrids

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Biyouk 1
  • Saeed Sayfzadeh 2
  • Amirhossein Shiranirad 3
  • Hamidreza Zakerin 2
  • Esmaeil Hadidi Masouleh 2
2 Agronomy Department Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Takestan Branch,, Takestan. Qazvin. Iran
چکیده [English]

To study the effect of temperature and moisture regimes on agronomical and physiological traits of canola cultivars, an experiment was conducted for two years (2015-17) in Iran (Karaj). In this experiment, the sowing dates were in two levels including timely cultivation (September 27) and delayed cultivation (October 27), and irrigation was in two levels including normal irrigation (control) and irrigation interruption from the podding stage as the main factors, and canola cultivars and hybrids included Kodiak, Traviata, Compass, Diffusion, Mehr2, Elvise and Tassilo were included as the subfactors. The interaction effect of sowing date × irrigation × cultivar on the seed yield, seed oil yield, biological yield, 1000 seed weight and seed number per pod were significant. In delayed sowing date and in the both normal irrigation and late season drought stress conditions, the Tassilo hybrid with a high seed yield, seed oil yield, biological yield, proline and chlorophyll content can be effective in the cultivation of canola in temperate cold regions with dry and semi-arid climates and is recommended for the delayed cultivation conditions together with late season drought stress.
Keywords: Brasica napus L., delayed cultivation, late season drought stress, oil content, seed yield

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Brasica napus L
  • delayed cultivation
  • late season drought stress
  • oil content
  • seed yield
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