ارزیابی کاربرد نانو کود پتاسیم، اسید فولویک و کیتوزان بر صفات کمی کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) در رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد دامغان، دامغان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات محصولات زراعی و باغی استراتژیک، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران.

3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان (شاهرود)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

4 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات محصولات زراعی و باغی استراتژیک، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی اثر نانو کود پتاسیم، فولویک اسید و کیتوزان بر صفات کمی کنجد (رقم اولتان) تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری اجرا شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش مزرعه‌ای در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان به-صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌‌های کامل تصادفی در سال 1399 با سه تکرار اجرا شد. در این پژوهش رژیم‌های آبیاری (آبیاری کامل: بدون تنش، قطع آبیاری در ابتدای تشکیل بذر در داخل کپسول: تنش متوسط و آغاز شکل‌گیری ساختار گل: تنش شدید) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و غلظت‌های نانو کود پتاسیم (صفر، 5/1 و 5/2 در هزار) و محلول‌پاشی ترکیب کیتوزان (پنج گرم در هکتار) و فولویک اسید (دو کیلوگرم در هکتار) در چهار سطح به‌عنوان عوامل فرعی مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: کاربرد نانو کود پتاسیم به‌همراه فولویک اسید و کیتوزان افزایش محتوای رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، عملکرد دانه و محتوای روغن و پروتئین دانه را نشان داد که تحت تنش شدید خشکی قابل ملاحظه بود. کاربرد 5/1 در هزار نانو کود پتاسیم با کیتوزان تحت شرایط بدون تنش، بالاترین میانگین تعداد کپسول در بوته، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد روغن و عملکرد پروتئین را در پی داشت. بیشترین محتوای روغن و پروتئین دانه (به‌ترتیب 79/48 و 12/25 درصد) در استفاده از ترکیب کیتوزان و فولویک اسید در شرایط بدون تنش به‌دست آمد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (2/2249 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در کاربرد کیتوزان به همراه 5/1 در هزار نانو کود پتاسیم تحت شرایط بدون تنش مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of potassium nano-fertilizer, fulvic acid, and chitosan application on quantitative traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in different irrigation regimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Mizani 1
  • Jafar Masoud Sinaki 2
  • Shahram Rezvan 2
  • Mohammad Abedini Esfahlani 3
  • Ali Damavandi 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Agronomy Department, Damghan branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Strategic crop & Horticulture Research Center, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, IRAN.
3 Assistant Professor, Filed and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Semnan Province (Shahrood), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shahrood, Ira
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Strategic crop & Horticulture Research Center, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, IRAN
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives: The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of potassium nano-fertilizers, fulvic acid, and chitosan on quantitative traits of sesame under different irrigation regimes.
Materials and Methods: A field experiment was conducted in Semnan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center as a factorial split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2019. In this experiment irrigation regimes (full irrigation: non-stress, irrigation cut off at the beginning of seed formation inside the capsule: moderate stress and the beginning of flower structure formation: severe stress) as the main plot, and potassium nano-fertilizer (0, 1.5, and 2.5 per thousand) and foliar application of chitosan (five g.ha-1) and fulvic acid (two kg.ha-1) in four levels were tested as sub-plots.
Results: The application of potassium nano-fertilizer along with fulvic acid and chitosan increased the photosynthetic pigments, seed yield, and oil and protein content, which was a significant increase under severe drought stress. Application of 1.5 per thousand potassium nano-fertilizer with chitosan under non-stress conditions resulted in the highest number of capsules per plant, seed yield, biological yield, oil yield, and protein yield. The highest oil and protein content (48.79 and 25.12%, respectively) were obtained using a combination of chitosan and fulvic acid under non-stress conditions. The highest seed yield (2249.2 kg.ha-1) was achieved in the application of chitosan along with 1.5 per thousand potassium nano-fertilizer under non-stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought
  • photosynthetic pigment
  • seed yield
  • organic fertilizers
  • oil content
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