اثر باکتری‌های محرک رشد‌، کود شیمیایی و اسید هیومیک بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک ریحان (Ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflorum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گیاهان دارویی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

     به منظور جایگزینی کودهای شیمیایی و بررسی تاثیر باکتری‌های محرک رشد و اسید هیومیک بر صفات مرفوفیزیولوژیک ریحان، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز در سال 94-1393 اجرا شد. فاکتور اول شامل شش نوع تیمار کودی شاهد، ازتوبارور-1، فسفات بارور-2، تلفیق دو نوع کود زیستی، کود شیمیایی، تلفیق دو نوع کود زیستی+50 درصد کود شیمیایی و فاکتور دوم شامل اسید هیومیک (صفر و 20 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. صفات مورفولوژیک شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد و سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و فیزیولوژیک حاوی رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی کلروفیل a، b، کل و کاروتنوئید و تبادلات گازی شامل شدت فتوسنتز خالص، شدت تعرق، کارایی مصرف آب، کارایی مصرف نوردر ابتدای مرحله گلدهی اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل کود و اسید هیومیک بر صفات ارتفاع بوته، سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، کلروفیل کل، شدت فتوسنتز خالص و کارایی مصرف نور معنی‌دار بود. همچنین تیمارهای کودی سبب افزایش معنی‌دار تعداد برگ، کلروفیل a، b و کاروتنوئید گردید. در اغلب صفات، تیمار تلفیق دو نوع کود زیستی+50 درصد کود شیمیایی سبب افزایش معنی‌دار در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد شد ولی اختلاف معنی‌داری با تیمار کود شیمیایی و تلفیق دو نوع کود زیستی+50 درصد کود شیمیایی+ اسید هیومیک نشان نداد. بنابراین کاربرد کودهای زیستی می‌توانند به عنوان راهکاری مناسب برای جایگزینی بخشی از کودهای شیمیایی مد نظر قرار گیرند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria, Chemical Fertilizer and Humic Acid on Morpho-physiological Characteristics of Basil (Ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflorum)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Anahita Boveiri Dehsheikh 1
  • Mohammad Mahmoodi Sourestani 1
  • Maryam Zolfaghari 2
  • Naeemeh Enayatizamir 3
چکیده [English]

The application of chemical fertilizers and investigating the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and humic acid on morpho-physiological parameters of basil, studied by factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications at experimental farm of Shahid Chamran University in 2015. First factor was 6 types of fertilizer treatments (control, Azetobarvar1, Phosphatebarvar2, combination of biological fertilizers, chemical fertilizer, combination of biological fertilizers+chemical fertilizer (50%)) and second factor included humic acid (0 and 20 kg.ha-1). Morphological (plant height, leaf number and leaf area, fresh and dry weights of aerial parts) and physiological traits (chlorophyll a, b, total, carotenoid, net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), water use efficiency (WUE) and radiation use efficiency (RUE)) were measured at onset of flowering stage. The result showed that interaction between biofertilizer and humic acid on plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of aerial parts, chlorophyll total, Pn and QY was significant. Also, the simple effect of biofertilizer leads to a significant increase in leaf number, chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid. In often parameters, combination of biological fertilizers+chemical fertilizer (50%)+humic acid caused significant increase in compare with control but did not show significant difference with chemical fertilizer and combination of biological fertilizers+chemical fertilizer (50%)+humic acid. The application of biological fertilizers can be consider as a suitable way to replace part of chemical fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azetobarvar-1
  • Leaf Area
  • Net Photosynthesis
  • Radiation Use Efficiency
  • Transpiration
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