ارزیابی وضعیت توسعه کشاورزی پایدار در استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مهندسی کشاورزی اکولوژیک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

کشاورزی پایدار، فعالیتی علمی و مبتنی بر اصول بوم­شناختی است که هدف اصلی آن ایجاد حالت تعادل و رسیدن به پایداری در تولید می­باشد. به منظور ارزیابی وضعیت توسعه کشاورزی  پایداری در استان گلستان، از روش ارزیابی مزیت نسبی سامانه‌های حمایتی استفاده شد. برای این هدف، پنج سامانه حمایتی شامل منابع کشاورزی، توسعه کشاورزی، محیط زیست و بوم­نظام­ها، وضعیت جوامع روستایی و علوم، آموزش و مدیریت در قالب 54 سنجه در نظر گرفته شد. وضعیت نهایی توسعه کشاورزی پایدار 14 شهرستان استان گلستان از مجموع این 5 شاخص محاسبه و در نهایت در محیط  ArcMapدر 6 کلاس (پایداری بالا، پایداری متوسط، پایداری ضعیف، ناپایداری ضعیف، ناپایداری متوسط و ناپایداری بالا) نشان داده شد. نتایج مشخص کرد که استان گلستان از لحاظ وضعیت منابع کشاورزی، پیشرفت کشاورزی، محیط زیست و بوم­نظام­ها و علوم، آموزش و مدیریت پایداری ضعیف و در زمینه وضعیت جوامع روستایی از ناپایداری ضعیفی برخوردار می­باشد. شهرستان‌های گرگان و گنبدکاووس در اکثر شاخص­ها از پایداری بالایی برخوردار بودند. ارزیابی­ها نشان داد که شهرستان گمیشان نیز در تمام شاخص­های مورد بررسی به جز شاخص­های جوامع روستایی و علوم، آموزش و مدیریت، ناپایدارترین شهرستان است. نتایج پهنه­بندی نهایی توسعه کشاورزی پایدار در کل استان گلستان نشان داد که در مجموع این استان از نظر توسعه کشاورزی پایدار در پهنه پایداری ضعیف قرار دارد، زیرا از 14 شهرستان تنها پنج شهرستان دارای کلاس پایداری متوسط و بالا بوده و بقیه شهرستان­های استان در کلاس‌های ناپایدار و پایداری ضعیف قرار گرفتند.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Sustainable Agricultural Development in Golestan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Razia Shah Moridi 1
  • Hosein Kazemi 2
  • Behnam Kamkar 2
چکیده [English]

Sustainable agriculture is a scientific activity, based on ecological principles that its main purpose is to create balance and sustainability in production systems. In order to assess the status of sustainable agricultural development in Golestan province, relative advantage assessment of support systems was used. For this purpose, five support systems are constructed, including agricultural resources, agricultural development, environment and ecosystems, rural societies and sciences, education and management based on 54 indicators. In final, status of sustainable agriculture developmant of 14 townships in Golestan province was calculated by sum of these support systems. Then, the status of sustainable agriculture were zoning in ArcMap media in 6 classes (high sustainable, moderate sustainable, weak sustainable, weak unsustainable, moderate unsustainable and high unsustainable). The results showed that Golestan province was weak in terms of sustainability in agriculture resources, agriculture development, environment and ecosystems and sciences, education and management, but it hadweak unsustainable in term of rural societies. In general, it can be stated that Gorgan and Gonbad-Kavous townships had the highest sustainability in some indexes. Also, Gomishan was identified as most unsustainable township in comparison with other townships in all studied indexes except rural societies and science, education and management. The results of sustainable agriculture development showed that Golestan province had unsustainable or weak sustainable status in development of sustainable agriculture, because only 5 townships from 14 townships had high and moderate sustainable and others townships were classfied in weak sustainability or un-sustainability classes.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agriculture Development
  • Agriculture Resources
  • Environment
  • Golestan Province
  • Sustainable Agriculture
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