عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد باقلا (Vicia faba L.) در کشت مخلوط با بادرشبی (Dracocephalum moldavica) تحت تاثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

اثر تیمارهای مختلف کودی بر عملکرد باقلا (Vicia faba L.) در کشت مخلوط با بادرشبو (Dracocephalum moldavica)، در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز در سال زراعی 1393 مطالعه گردید. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول شامل نوع کشت در پنج سطح کشت خالص باقلا، کشت خالص بادرشبو و کشت مخلوط با نسبت‌های 1:1، 2:2 و 4:2 بادرشبو-باقلا و فاکتور دوم شامل نوع کود در سه سطح کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی اوره+ سوپرفسفات ­تریپل، کود زیستی ازتو بارور+ بارور 2+ 50 درصد کود شیمیایی و ورمی­کمپوست بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین شاخص کلروفیل برگ و تعداد برگ در بوته با کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی به­دست آمد. در بین کشت­های مخلوط بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (8/56 سانتی­متر) در تیمار 1:1 مشاهده شد. تیمار مصرف 100 درصد کود شیمیایی بیشترین اثر را در افزایش وزن صد دانه و شاخص برداشت نسبت به سایر تیمارهای کودی داشت. بیشترین تعداد نیام در بوته (52/3) مربوط به کشت خالص باقلا و کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح اشغالی به کشت خالص باقلا (2/259 گرم در متر مربع) و در بین تیمارهای کودی به تیمار مصرف 100 درصد کود شیمیایی (1/202 گرم در متر مربع) تعلق داشت. در کلیه تیمارها، نسبت برابری زمین (LER) و مجموع ارزش نسبی (RVT) بالاتر از یک بودند و بیشترین میزان این شاخص‌ها در کشت مخلوط نواری 2:2 باقلا-بادرشبو حاصل شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Intercropping with Moldavian Balm (Dracocephalum moldavica) under Organic and Chemical Fertilizers

نویسندگان [English]

  • L Vafadar-Yengeje
  • R Amini
  • A Dabbagh mohammdi Nasab
چکیده [English]

The effect of different fertilizer treatments on intercropping of faba bean and Moldavian balm, by field experiment was studied as factorial on the bases of randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014. The first factor was cropping system at five levels including sole cropping of faba bean, sole cropping of Moldavian balm and three intercropping ratios (1:1, 2:2 and 2:4) of faba bean with Moldavian balm, and the second factor was fertilizer at three levels including nitrogen and phosphorus chemical fertilizer, bio-fertilizer (Azoto Barvar + Barvar-2) + 50% of chemical fertilizers, and vermicompost. The results showed that the maximum chlorophyll content index and leaf number per plant was obtained in chemical fertilizer treatment. The highest plant height (56.8 cm) was observed in 1:1 intercropping system. The effect of fertilizer treatment was not significant on plant height and grain per pod. Chemical fertilizer had significant effect on 100-grain weight and harvest index as compared to other fertilizer treatments. The highest amount of number of pods per plant (3.52) was obtained from sole cropping and chemical fertilizer application. The maximum grain yield per occupied unit area was observed in sole cropping (259.2 g.m-2) and among fertilizer treatments was belonged to 100% chemical fertilizer (202.1 g.m-2). Also at all treatments the land equivalent ratio and total relative value were obtained more than 1 and from this comment intercropping of 2:2 faba bean-Moldavian balm were the highest. Therefore, cropping system of 2:2 faba bean-Moldavian balm is introduced as advantageous system.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizer
  • Faba Bean
  • Intercropping
  • Grain Yield
  • Land Equivalent Ratio
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