برهم‌کنش تلقیح مایکوریزایی و فسفر بر شاخص‌های رشدی، تولید ریزغده و جذب عناصر غذایی سیب‌زمینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج

3 بخش تحقیقات گیاهان زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان، سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، همدان

4 گروه بیماری شناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

5 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

   مایکوریزا می‌تواند به عنوان ابزاری کارآمد در جهت افزایش بهره­وری مصرف عناصر غذایی در راستای کشاورزی پایدار استفاده ‌شود. این آزمایش با هدف بررسی برهم‌کنش سطوح فسفر و قارچ مایکوریزا بر شاخص­های رشدی و تولید ریزغده و جذب عناصر غذایی گیاهچه­های سیب­زمینی در گلخانه، به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال 1393 در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان اجرا گردید. عامل اول شامل تلقیح با مایکوریزا گونه Rhizophagus irregularis (تلقیح و عدم تلقیح) و عامل دوم میزان فسفر (965/0، 482/0، 241/0و 12/0 میلی­مولار در محلول هوگلند براساس H2PO-4) به ترتیب معادل 100، 75، 50 و 25 درصد میزان فسفر در محلول هوگلند بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان استقرار گیاهچه (3/98 %)، تعداد برگ (3/13)، تعداد ریزغده (9/8)، وزن کل ریزغده در هر بوته (2/53 گرم)، ارتفاع اندام‌های هوایی (6/54 سانتی­متر)، میزان فسفر در ماده خشک ریزغده (38/0%) و برگ (363/0%) در تیمار تلقیح و 75 درصد فسفر بود که با تیمار تلقیح و 100 درصد فسفر اختلاف معنی­دار نداشت. تلقیح با قارچ مایکوریزا باعث افزایش معنی‌دار میزان نیتروژن ریزغده و برگ، درصد ماده خشک و وزن ریزغده نسبت به تیمار عدم تلقیح شد. با توجه به اینکه بین تیمار تلقیح در سطح 75 درصد و 100 درصد فسفر اختلاف معنی­داری وجود نداشت، بنابراین استفاده از قارچ مایکوریزا می‌تواند مصرف نهاده­های کشاورزی را بدون کاهش معنی­دار عملکرد، کاهش دهد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Interaction of Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Phosphorus on Growth Characteristics, Production of Mini-tuber and Nutrients Uptake of Potato

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Ghobadi 1
  • Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi 2
  • Khosro Parvizi 3
  • Dust Morad Zafari 4
  • Ali Reza Yadavi 5
چکیده [English]

Mycorrhiza can be used as an efficient tool to increase nutrients productivity to achieve sustainable agriculture. This experiment conducted to investigate the interaction of phosphorus and mycorrhiza on growth characteristics and production of mini-tuber and nutrients uptake of seedlings under greenhouse condition. The experiment was arranged as factorial in completely randomized design with three replications in agricultural and natural resource research center of Hamadan in 2015. First factor included of inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi, Rhizophagus irregularis, (inoculated and non-inoculated) and the second factor was the amount of phosphorus (0.965, 0.482, 0.241 and 0.12 mM phosphorus according to H2PO-4 in Hoagland solution (100, 75, 50 and 25 percent of Hoagland complete phosphorus concentration (HCPC), respectively). The results showed that the maximum values of seedling establishment (98.3%), number of leaves (13.3), the number of mini-tubers (8.9), the total weight of mini-tubers per plant (53.2 g), shoot height (54.6 cm), phosphorus in mini-tubers dry matter (%0.38) and leaves (%0.363) observed in phosphorus 75% HCPC and inoculation treatment and no significant differences was seen relative to phosphorus 100% HCPC and inoculation treatment. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi significantly increased the mini-tubers and leaves nitrogen, dry matter and weight of mini-tuber relative to non-inoculated treatments. Generally, respect to that there was no significant difference between 75% and 100% phosphorus in inoculation treatment, the applying of mycorrhizal fungi can reduce agricultural inputs consumption without any significant decrease in yield.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hoagland
  • Mini-tuber
  • Ph Mycorrhiza
  • Posphorus
  • Seedling Establishment
  • Symbiosis
 
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