تأثیر پیش کاشت، نیتروژن و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانه‌ای رقم سینگل کراس 704

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 ، گروه زراعت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

2 گروه زراعت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

3 گروه زراعت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج

4 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

تأثیر گیاهان پیش­کاشت و سطوح نیتروژن، بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانه­ای (هیبرید سینگل کراس 704) در دو تراکم کاشت، تحت آزمایشی مزرعه­ای، به ‌صورت کرت­های دو بار خرد شده، بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی، در چهار تکرار، در سال زراعی 93-1392 در کرج بررسی گردید. فاکتور اصلی تیمار پیش­کاشت در چهار سطح شامل آیش، کود دامی و کودهای سبز پرکو و بوکو (از تیره شب بو)، فاکتور فرعی، کود نیتروژن در سه سطح شامل 120، 240 و 360 کیلوگرم در هکتار و فاکتور فرعی فرعی، تراکم بوته در دو سطح شامل 8 و 12 بوته در مترمربع بود. نتایج نشان داد که تأثیر تراکم بوته و اثر متقابل تیمارهای پیش‌کاشت و سطوح نیتروژن بر عملکرد بیولوژیک، تعداد ردیف در بلال،  تعداد دانه در ردیف، تعداد دانه در بلال، عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح و وزن هزاردانه معنی­دار بود. در تمامی متغیرها، بیشترین مقدار عددی از تراکم 8 بوته در مترمربع و پیش­کاشت پرکو و مصرف 240 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار به دست آمد. براین اساس، استفاده از پیش­کاشت­ پرکو با مصرف همزمان 240 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار را می­توان به منظور حصول عملکرد بالای دانه در رقم ذرت مورد استفاده در منطقه کرج توصیه نمود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Pre-Sowing, Nitrogen and Plant Density on Yield and Yield Components of Maize CV. SC 704

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amirsaleh Baghdadi 1
  • Mahyar Balazadeh 2
  • ALI KHASHNIE 3
  • Faried Golzardi 4
چکیده [English]

Abstract
        The effect of pre-sowing treatments and nitrogen rates on yield and yield components of corn (SC704) in two planting density, were assessed by field experiment as split-split plots based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications, during 2013-2014 growing season in Karaj. Four pre-sowing treatments, Fallow, Manure, green manure Perko PVH and Buko  from brassicaceae family were main factors, three rates of nitrogen as 120, 240 and 360 kg.ha-1  were sub-factors and two planting density (8 and 12 plants.m-2) were sub-sub factor. The results illustrated that the effect of pre-sowing treatments and nitrogen rates interactions and plant density on biological yield, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, number of kernels per ear, grain yield per unit area and grain weight were significant. The highest rate of all variables were obtained from the Perko PVH, by consuming of 240 kg N.ha-1 and plant density of 8 plants.m-2. Pre-sowing consuming of with Perko PVH 240 kg N.ha-1, due to producing highest grain yield is recommend for Karaj region.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Buko
  • Fallow
  • Maize
  • Manure
  • Perko PVH
  • Pre-Sowing
  • Plant Density
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