ارزیابی تحمل پایه‌های سیب مالینگ مرتون 106، گمی آلماسی و هیبرید آن‌ها به کلروز آهن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

     اکثر باغات میوه سردسیری ایران در مناطق آهکی استقرار یافته و علایم کمبود آهن در این اراضی به وفور قابل مشاهده است و باغداران مقادیر قابل توجهی کود شیمیایی حاوی آهن استفاده می­نمایند که علاوه بر هزینه بر بودن، تعادل سایر عناصر غذایی خاک را نیز بر هم می زند. به منظور ارزیابی تحمل پایه‌های گمی آلماسی و مالینگ مرتون 106 و  هیبرید آن­ها به کلروز آهن ناشی از بی­کربنات،  پایه های مورد مطالعه در گلدان­های 10 کیلوگرمی حاوی خاک غیر­آهکی تیمار شده با 500 میلی­گرم  در کیلوگرم بی­کربنات از منبع بی­کربنات پتاسیم و شاهد (فاقد بی­کربنات) کاشته شد. در پایان دوره رشد پارامترهای  شاخص کلروفیل،  فلورسانس کلروفیل برگی و غلظت نیتروژن کل، فسفر، پتاسیم، آهن، آهن کل، منگنز، منیزیم، روی، کلسیم در بخش هوایی و ریشه اندازه­گیری شد. صفات شاخص کلروفیل، نسبت فلورسنس متغیر به حداکثر (Fv/Fm ) ، نیتروژن کل، منگنز و روی برگی و همچنین مقادیر فسفر و منیزیم ریشه به طور معنی­داری تحت تاثیر اثرات متقابل بستر درکلون قرار گرفتند. نوع رقم و هیبریدهای آنها  مقادیر کلروفیل کل، نیتروژن کل، فسفر، پتاسیم، آهن کل و کلسیم برگ­ها و همچنین نیتروژن کل، روی، کلسیم، منگنز، پتاسیم، آهن و آهن کل بخش ریشه را تحت تاثیر قرار داد. پایه گمی آلماسی، بالاترین مقادیر کلروفیل کل، نیتروژن کل، فسفر ،کلسیم، پتاسیم وآهن کل برگی را نسبت به دیگر پایه­ها دارا بود. پایه گمی آلماسی در بستر بی­کربناتی وهمچنین بسترغیرآهکی (شاهد) بیشترین مقادیر شاخص کلروفیل، Fv/Fm، منگنز و روی را نسبت به دیگر پایه­ها داشت.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the Tolerance of Malling Merton106, Gami Almasi and their Hybrids to Fe Chlorosis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahnam Ashtari 1
  • Mohammad Reza Dadpour 2
  • Shahin Oustan 3
  • Fariborz Zareh Nadandi 2
چکیده [English]

       Most of Iran temperate zone fruits orchards located in calcereous region and the signs of iron deficiency observed in orchards. So the producers use most amounts of Fe fertilizers that in addition to increase of production costs change the soils nutrients balance. In order to investigation the tolerance of Gami almasi and MM 106 rootstocks and hybrids between them to the induced chlorosis by the bicarbonate and iron deficiency, the studied materials were planted in pots containing the 10 kg of non calcareus soils that were treated with 500 mg/kg bicarbonate from the potassium bicarbonate source and the control ones did not received the bicarbonate.In the end of growth period parameters like the chlorophyll index, Chlorophyll florescence,Total nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium, Iron, Manganese, Magnesium, Zinc. And Calcium in roots and aerial parts were measured. The parametrs of chlorophyll index, Chlorophyll florescence Fv/Fm, Total Nitrogen, Manganese and Zinc in leaf and also Phosphorous and Magnesium in roots were significantly affected by soil condtion and cultivars. The cultivar affected the total Chlorophyll, Nitrogene, Phosphorous, Potasium, total Iron and Calsium of leaf and also affected the Zinc, Calsium, Manganese, Potasium and Iron in roots. The Gami almasi landrace in comparison with other root stocks had the highest of total Chlorophyll, total Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Calcium, Potassium and total iron of leaves. The Gami almasi in bicarbonated soil and also in without lime substrate had the highest chlorophyll index, Fv/Fm, Manganese and Zinc in relation to other stocks.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Apple
  • Bicarbonate
  • Chlorosis
  • Calcareus soil
  • Fe
  • Hybrid stock
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