تاثیر باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه و قارچ میکوریز بر رشد، عملکرد و صفات کیفی پیاز خوراکی توده هوراند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

چکیده
         باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه و قارچ های میکوریز نقش مهمی در تامین نیاز گیاهان به عناصر غذایی دارند. این ریزموجودات در اطراف ریشه گیاه مستقر شده و در تامین و جذب عناصر غذایی نقش دارند. به منظور بررسی اثر کارایی باکتری های محرک رشد گیاهان و قارچ های میکوریز آربوسکولار بر رشد، عملکرد و صفات کیفی پیاز خوراکی توده هوراند آزمایشی مزرعه ای به صورت طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 8 تیمار و 3 تکرار در مزرعه به اجرا در آمد. در این آزمایش پیاز خوراکی توده هوراند با باکتری­های  Azospirillum AC46I وPseudomonas fluorescens Chao  ویک گونه قارچ میکوریز آربوسکولارGlomus intraradices  تلقیح و کاشته شد. اثر تیمار بر TSS و غلظت پتاسیم، معنی دار نبود. ولی تعداد برگ، وزن تر پیاز، وزن خشک پیاز، قطر گردن سوخ، شاخص برداشت، درصد ماده خشک، عملکرد، غلظت فسفر، نسبت پیازدهی و محتوای کلروفیل در سطح احتمال1 درصد و وزن خشک اندام هوایی، قطر سوخ، در سطح احتمال 5درصد تحت تاثیر تیمار باکتری های محرک رشد گیاه و قارچ میکوریز معنی دار بود. پیازهای تلقیح شده با 3 تیمارباکتریهای محرک رشد و قارچ میکوریز از درصد ماده خشک (24/16-10%) وغلظت فسفر(57/53%) بالاتری برخوردار بوده و همچنین بیشترین عملکرد در مترمربع(33/10) در اثر تیمارتلفیقی باکتریها و قارچ بدست آمد. بطورکلی تیمار تلفیقی قارچ های میکوریز به همراه باکتری های محرک رشد گیاه (PGPR) نتایج بهتری را نسبت به تیمارشاهد و تیمارهای انفرادی باکتری ها و قارچ در بهبود صفات کمی و کیفی پیاز خوراکی توده هوراند داشت.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Horand Landrace

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Azatykandeh 1
  • Sahebali Bolandnazar 2
  • Mohammad Reza Sarikhani 3
چکیده [English]

Abstract
       Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and mucorrhizal fungi play an important role in the supply of nutrients in plants. These microorganisms are usually spread around rizosphere and facilitate absorbtion of nutrients In order to evaluate the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth, yield, and quality traits of onion. a feild experiment in a completely randomized block design with 8 treatments and 3 replications was conducted. In this experiment onion seed (Horand landrace) was inoculated with bacteria including Azospirillum AC46I, Pseudomonas fluorescens Chao, and species Glomus intraradices of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Then inoculation onion seed cultivated. The effect of treatment on TSS and potassium concentration was not significant. But leaf number, fresh weight, dry weight of onion, bulb neck diameter, harvest index, dry matter percentage, yield, phosphorous concentration, bulbing ratio and chlorophyll content were significant ( p≤1%) and dry weight shoot, bulb diameter at 5% probability level. Inoculation including the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and mycorrhizal fungi had a higher dry matter content (10-16/24%) and phosphorus concentration (53/57%). And also the highest yield per square meter (10.33) was obtained by the combined of bacteria and fungi. Generally application of AMF with two PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Azospirillum) led to better bulb yield and quality traits of bulb in comparison with control plants and plants inoculated with individual AMF and PGPR bacteria. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
  • Growth Traits
  • Nutritional Elements
  • Onion
  • Rhizospheric Bacteria
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