A Survey on Comparative Advantages of the Selected Farm Crops
in Kurdistan Province
m
Haji-Rahimi
استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان
author
G
Asadi-Shirin
2EMBA, Gas Company of Kurdistan Province, Sanandaj, Iran
author
text
article
2010
per
Farm crops have a crucial role in the agriculture of Kurdistan province. Consequently, studying economic aspects of these crops is of special importance. This study aimed to determine economic potentials of Kurdistan province in farm crops (irrigated wheat, dry land wheat, irrigated barley, dry land barley, corn, beans, irrigated pea, dry land pea, potatos and tomatos) production and trade. For this purpose, the Social Cost Benefit (SCB) criterion was applied. Findings for 2001-2 and 2002-3 farming year indicated that irrigated wheat, irrigated barley, corn, irrigated pea, potatos, and tomatos had comparative advantages in both years by SCB criteria. Dry land pea had comparative advantages only in 2002-3 farming year. According to the comparative advantages ranking by SCB, potato is most profitable crop in the international trading point of views for Kurdistan province. After potatos, tomatos, corn, irrigated wheat and irrigated barley were also found important.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
1
10
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1397_aa5af7a84fdcf0c449e34be01f3f79a6.pdf
Farm Planning by Fuzzy Multi Objective Programming Model
m
Raei Jadidi
دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
author
m
Sabuhi Sabuni
استادیارگروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
author
text
article
2010
per
In current study, Fuzzy Goal Programming (FGP) model by considering a set of social and economic goals, was applied to optimal land allocation in Koshksaray district, Marand city, East Azarbaijan province, Iran. Farmer goals including total cultivable area, factor of production, production levels of various crops and total expected profit were considered fuzzily in establishment of the model. The goals were considered by 16 scenarios in the form of single objective, compound and priority structures. Results showed that, cost minimization in single objective and compound scenario is the best as compared with current conditions. In priority structure, scenario 10 with priorities of profit maximization, cost minimization, satisfying of production goals considering cost minimization and production goals, and scenario 13 with priorities of profit maximization, satisfying factor of production goals, cost minimization and fulfilling production goals, had minimum Euclidean Distance and satisfied the fuzzy objectives. Moreover, dry barley, irrigated and dry wheat and irrigated barely had maximum and minimum cultivated area, respectively. According to the findings, by reallocation of resources, farmers can achieve their better goals and objectives.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
11
22
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1398_484b62d14da52cc3562c682ea098becb.pdf
Evaluation of Bitter Vetch Lines Under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions
v
Fathi Rezaee
دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد اصلاحنباتات، دانشگاه تبریز
author
m
Valizadeh
گروه زراعت و اصلاحنباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
kh
Alizadeh
مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور
author
s
Zehtab Salmasi
گروه زراعت و اصلاحنباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
text
article
2010
per
In order to determine the most promising lines of bitter vetch regarding drought tolerance in rainfed areas, an experiment was conducted with 16 lines, under irrigated and rainfed conditions at Dryland Agriculture Research Institute, Maragheh. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used for each experiment. Analysis of variance for both rainfed and irrigated conditions showed that there were significant differences between lines for all studied traits. Combined analysis of variance indicated significant differences between two environments for all traits except plant height. Genotype × environment interaction was significant for all traits, except for plant height, pod number per plant and seed number per pod. Comparing means under irrigated and rainfed conditions showed that Sel 2518 had the lowest number of days to flowering and Sel 2515 and Sel 2516 had shorter period of grain filling. Local bitter vetch possessed the highest plant height, biomass, number of pods per plant and seed yield. Biomass, number of pods per plant and plant height had highest correlations with seed yield in both conditions. According to three drought tolerance indices (STI, GMO and MP), the local landrace was recognized as the most drought tolerant line with ability to produce highest yield in both rainfed and irrigated environments. This landrace was separated from other lines in the cluster analysis. In some cases, lines Sel 2644 and Sel 2647, originated from Bulgaria, were grouped with the local landrace. The results indicate that the local landrace was more productive than other lines under study and therefore, it is possible to identify suitable varieties for cultivation by evaluating different landraces of bitter vetch
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
23
37
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1399_e660dd23476a52fb83e13d91cd5082b3.pdf
Evaluation of Water Use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Sesame Cultivars as a Second Crop Under Different Irrigation Regimes
H
Eskandari
دانشجوی دورهی دکتری زراعت - فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
s
Zehtab Salmasi
دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
k
Ghasemi-Golezani
استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
text
article
2010
per
This 2-year research was carried out in Ramhormoz to evaluate the effect of different irrigation regimes on water use efficiency (WUE) and grain yield of sesame cultivars. The experiments were arranged as spilit plot based on RCB design in four replications with irrigation treatments (I1, I2, I3 and I4: irrigation after 150, 200, 250 and 300 mm evaporation from class-A pan) in main plots and sesame cultivars (Yellow witte, TN238, TS3, Safiabadi and local cultivar of Ramhormoz) in subplots. Plant height, leaves per plant, biological yield and grain yield were decreased with increasing the severity of water deficit. All these traits were positively correlated with each other, suggesting that a decline in one of them could have a deleterious effect on sesame performance in the field. TS3 was a superior cultivar in plant height, biological and grain yields under all irrigation treatments. The harvest index of all sesame cultivars was increased with decreasing water availability. Thus, water limitation reduces biological yield more than grain yield in sesame. TS3 had the highest WUE in both years. The highest WUE was obtained under severe water deficit, indicating that sesame can produce acceptable yield with low water consumption.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
39
51
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1400_37eff8a0e8ea371c5d1d2d18a68cc0c6.pdf
Effect of Cadmium and Silicon on Growth and Some Physiological Aspects of Red Beet
F
Behtash
دانشجوی دکتری گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
j
Tabatabaii
استاد گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
MJ
Malakouty
استاد گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
MS
Sorour-Aldin
استاد دانشکدهی شیمی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
sh
Ustan
استادیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
text
article
2010
per
Cadmium (Cd) as a heavy metal induces some disorders in normal metabolism in plants. Furthermore, Silicon (Si) is able to ameliorate the deleterious effects of some toxic elements like Cd. Keeping this in view, an experiment was conducted to find out the effects of Cd and Si on growth and some physiological aspects of Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red. The experiment was arranged as a factorial scheme based on randomized complete block design with four replications. Three levels of Cd (0 , 2.5 and 5 mg L-1) from CdSO4 and three levels of Si (0 , 28 and 56 mg L-1) from Na2SiO3 were added to nutrient solution. Perlite was used as growing media and the seeds of red beet were planted in the pots (14 L). The results showed that Cd addition significantly increased Cd concentration in leaves and roots. Application of Cd significantly decreased photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, leaf number, leaf area and total soluble solids (TSS) in the roots. Additionally, increased Cd concentration in the growing media led to increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in leaves. At 5 mg L-1 Cd, concentrations of H2O2 and MDA in leaves were 2.4 mM/g Fwt and 84.5 nM/g Fwt, respectively. The rate of photosynthesis in 5 mg L-1Cd, control and 56 mg L-1 Si treatments were 7.9, 18.25 and 25.76μ mol CO2 m-2s-1, respectively. Application of Si in nutrient solution significantly increased leaf number, leaf area, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, total soluble solids (TSS) in roots and dry weight in plants. Increased Si in nutrient solution had no effect on the Cd concentration in leaves and roots of red beet. Nevertheles, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 concentrations in leaves of red beet were reduced with Si addition to the nutrient solution. In general, it is recommendable to take into consideration the benefits of Si addition to red beet growth media, but more investigations are needed
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
53
67
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1401_7b41712b8b108ffab8f120e8f32efea4.pdf
Effect of Drought Stress on Different Maize Genotypes
m
Khalili
مربی دانشگاه پیام نور مهاباد
author
m
Moghaddam
اساتید گروه زراعت واصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
H
Kazemi Arbat
اساتید گروه زراعت واصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
MR
Shakiba
اساتید گروه زراعت واصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
H
Kanooni
پژوهشگر مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، کردستان
author
R
Choghan
پژوهشگر مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، کرج
author
text
article
2010
per
In order to study the effects of drought stress on yield and yield components of 16 medium and late maturing maize hybrids a field trial was conducted under non-stress and different drought stress conditions (stress at vegetative, reproductive and grain filling stages) at Miyandoab Agricultural Research Station of Iran. The experiment was arranged in group balanced blocks as a split plot design with three replications. During the growing season some agronomic, morphological, physiological and phenological traits such as 300 kernel weight, number of kernels per row, number of kernel rows and anthesis-silking interval (ASI) were measured. Analysis of variance and mean comparisons showed that there was a significant diversity among the studied hybrids. The yield decreased under drought stress at reproductive stage was greater than the other stages. The estimation of phenotypic correlation coefficients, stepwise regression and path analysis were done under non-stress and different water stress conditions. Path analysis showed that selection of genotypes will be more effective based on 300 kernel weight, number of kernels per row, ear length and plant height under non-stress condition and shorter ASI and days to silking emergence, larger percentage of green cover and greater number of kernels per row under drought stress conditions.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
67
84
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1402_eae446704f3558a6b5619a8abbf7b872.pdf
Study on Fungitoxicity and Fungistatic Properties of Seed Treating Insecticides toward Trichoderma harzianum and Efficacy of Biological Control of Cotton Damping-off Disease
M
Houshiar-fard
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان- رشت
author
T
Darvish-mojeni
موسسه تحقیقات پنیه کشور، گرگان
author
text
article
2010
per
Fungistatic and toxicity of 3 insecticides including of Thiodicarb (Larvin® 80DF), Thiametoxam (Cruiser® 350DF) and Imidacloprid (Guacho® 70WS) were evaluated on mycelial growth of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai. The experiments were factorial based on a randomized complete design with 18 treatments and 5 replications that were made on M.A 2 % medium containing each of the insecticides at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (×103) ppm (Controls were also prepared without any insecticides). Dose-response curves were drawn by plotting mycelial growth inhibition % against the insecticide concentration on log-probit scale and the concentration causing 50 % inhibition (ED50 value) was reported in log µg/ml. All three insecticides inhibited to some extent the growth of T. harzianum, this inhibition was a result of a particular insecticide-fungus combination. Sensitivity of T. harzianum against tested insecticides showed 30.6-77.6 % and 1-9.8 % inhibition of the growth of fungal antagonist with Thiodicarb and Imidacloprid, respectively. In addition, Thiodicarb had more toxicity effect (ED50= 3.74) on fungus than Thiametoxam (ED50=3.89). In greenhouse, treated seeds with 1.5 % Trichodermin B (w/w), 3 recommended dosages of tested insecticides were sown in artificially infected soils with 5, 1 and 6 % (W/V) inoculum of Fusarium moniliforme, Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani. Experiments confirmed in vitro results so that, Trichodermin B + Imidacloprid (5 and 6 gr of commercial product. Kg-1 cotton seed) provided excellent integrated control against pre- and post-emergence damping-off by 88.9 and 75 %, respectively. It is concluded that Imidacloprid had the least deleterious effects on T. harzianum and could have been used in IPM and sustainable production of cotton.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
85
94
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1403_bac9581d18c7c4117c1db93ce0b5f0c8.pdf
Evaluation of Wheat Energy Balance Under Rain fed Farming in Kermanshah
sh
Abdollahpour
استادیار گروه مکانیک ماشینهای کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
s
Zaree
دانشجوی دکترای گروه مکانیک ماشینهای کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
text
article
2010
per
One way to evaluation of sustainable developing in agriculture is using of energy flow method. This method in an agricultural product system is the energy consuming in product operations and energy saving in produced crops. In this article, evaluation of wheat energy balance under rain fed farming in Kermanshah is investigated. By using of consumed data as inputs and total production as output, and their concern equivalent energy, energy efficiency is calculated. Energy value of used inputs of this type cultivation was 6130900 kcal/ha and output (production) energy of value of wheat grain yield and straw were 5018000 kcal/ha and 4316000 kcal/ha, respectively. Also, energy efficiency value was 1.521 and that of grain and straw separately was 0.818 and 0.703, respectively. Results showed that the highest input energy was due to machinery using, nitrogen fertilizer and fuel; and lowest ones were related to human muscle power and herbicide. Using of combination machines, doing timely required repairs and services for tractors and representing a fit crop rotation are suggested to decrease energy consuming for dry farming wheat in Kermanshah
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
97
106
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1404_b1eb7f2b93285a7a4ddb16c8b08e1b02.pdf
Biological Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum the Causal Agent of Potato White Mold by Different Trichoderma spp. and Coniothyrium minitans
SMR
Ojaghian
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
author
D
Zafari
دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
author
G
Khodakaramian
دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
author
text
article
2010
per
The identity of outbreak of stem drying and early death on potato in vast area of potato fields of Hamedan province was studied. As a result, the causal agent of the disease was isolated and identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Considering the serious damage of this pathogen that can not be easily controlled by cultural and chemical control methods, alternative approaches such as biocontrol method using five species of Trichoderma including T. ceramicum, T. koningii, T. koningiopsis, T. virens, T. viridescens and one isolate of Coniothyrium minitans were evaluated against this pathogen. All mentioned biocontrol agents caused some control on the pathogen in vitro. In assessment of the effect of volatile metabolites on pathogen growth rate, the most inhibition percent was realized about T. koningiopsis with 56% and in case of extracellular compounds, the most inhibition percent in concentrations of 15 and 30% were showed T. ceramicum as 69% and 53%, respectively. In dual culture, T. koningiopsis, T. viridescens and T. ceramicum prevented sclerotia formation as such. They also grew and sporulated on the pathogen mycelia. In assessment of the affect of spore suspension of the biological agents on myceliogenic germination of sclerotia, the most inhibition was observed in T. ceramicum and T. koningiopsis and the less inhibition was in T. virens and Coniothyrium minitans. T. ceramicum, T. koningiopsis and T. viridescens are recently described Trichoderma spp. and this study is the first assessment of their biocontrol effect on plant diseases in Iran.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
107
119
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1405_9abc37f0d939ccedd6e23cb69d8d7b2f.pdf
Determining Economic Value of Water in Wheat Production
(Case Study: Underground Water Resources in Damghan Region
Gh
Dashti
- استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
F
Aminian
دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
J
Hosseinzad
استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
B
Hayati
استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
text
article
2010
per
The necessity of recognition and optimal exploitation of underground water sources results from the fact that these resources contribute to 99% of total useable soft water of the world. In our country the agricultural sector is the main user of water among different economic sectors. Therefore, applying scientific and appropriate management measures and approaches for desired utilization of this production factor is critical. Taking into account of real value of water in water management of agricultural sector can lead to development of motivation required for saving its usage and also helps its optimal allocation in production. Generally, water has two types of real prices. One is supplier (producer) point of view and the second includes demander perspective. In this study, real price of water from producer and demander point of views was determined by the use of production function approach for wheat production at underground water sources (wells) of Damghan. The required data were collected from 184 farmers of Damghan in agricultural year 2007-08. According to superior production function(Generalized Quadratic), economic value of water in wheat production is 403.2 Iranian rials and this is more than the usual value in the area
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
121
131
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1407_d92f8edbcb8d996004f1c24f9b638397.pdf
Evaluation of Vicia dasycarpa Genotypes Under Drought Stress Conditions
N
Mirfakhraee
پژوهشگران مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی
author
M
Moghaddam
استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
S
Aharizad
دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
A
Razban Haghighi
پژوهشگران مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی
author
text
article
2010
per
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of drought stress on 12 genotypes of vetch (Vicia dasycarpa) at the experimental field of Agriculture and Natural Resources Center of East Azarbaijan Province during 2003. Field trial was conducted as a spilt plot design based on randomized complete blocks with three replications. Drought treatments (normal, medium and severe stress conditions) were included in main plots and the genotypes were allocated in subplots. During the growing season, plant height, pod length, pod width, number of grains per pod, 1000 grain weight, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, number of axillary branches, harvest index, biomass and grain yield were measured. Drought stress effected all traits (except number of grains per pod) significantly. Greatest amount of reduction in value due to water stress belonged to grain yield and biomass. Number of pods per plant and number of grains per plant were affected by drought more than other yield components. However, the adverse effect of water stress was not similar for all genotypes and there were significant genotype by environment interaction for important characters such as biomass, grain yield, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant and plant height. Evaluation of the genotypes based on drought tolerance indices (STI and TOL) indicated that under medium water stress environment the genotypes 9 (from Italy) and 7 (from Turkey) showed better drought tolerance performance in terms of grain yield. Regarding biomass, the genotypes 3 (from Italy) and 6 (from Australia) were recognized as the most appropriate genotypes for hoth medium and severe drought stress conditions.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
133
141
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1408_c3e783e7acff12bd260cc60f53bdcb3e.pdf
Evaluation of Seed Yield and Related Components of Rapeseed Winter Cultivars Under Different Sowing dates in Karaj area
D
Roodi
مربی پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر- کرج
author
H
Amiri-Oghan
استادیار پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر- کرج
author
B
Alizadeh
استادیار پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر- کرج
author
text
article
2010
per
Sowing date is the most important factor on yield and it's components of rapeseed. Suitable sowing dates make the environmental conditions during the days of emergence and seedling establishment favorable for plant. This experiment was conducted in split plot layout with randomized complete block design with four replications at seed and plant Improvement Institute (SPII) during 2000–2002 years. Main plots were sowing date with four level of: 6/20, 6/30, 7/9 and 7/19. Sup-plots were rapeseed varieties including SLM046, Zarfam, Colvert and Orient. The traits evaluated were: Plant height, number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, oil contain and oil yield. Combined analysis of variance showed that sowing date had very significant effect on seed yield, oil yield, number of pods per plant, number of branches and 1000 seed weight. The highest yield (3295 and 2877 kg/ha) was in the first planting time (6/20) and the second planting time (6/30) respectively. Variety effect was highly significant only for number of seeds per pod and 1000 seed weight. The highest number of seeds per pod was related to SLM046 and Orient varieties (24.3 and 24.2 respectively). Interaction between sowing date and variety was significant only for number of branches and number of seeds per pod (p<0.05). The results of this experiment showed that the most suitable sowing date at Karaj is from 20 to 30 Shahrivar and decrease in seed yield occurs due to significant decrease in yield components, when planting time is delayed o-hans�kn-@GH�Gimes New Roman";mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'>های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار طی دو سال زراعی 81-1379 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج به اجرا در آمد. کرتهای اصلی شامل تاریخ کاشت در چهار سطح 20 و 30 شهریورماه و 9 و 19 مهرماه و کرتهای فرعی شامل ارقام SLM046، Zarfam، Colvert و Orient بود. در طول فصل زراعی، صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخههای فرعی، تعداد خورجین در بوته، تعداد دانه در خورجین، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، میزان روغن و عملکرد روغن یادداشتبرداری و اندازهگیری شدند. تجزیه واریانس مرکب نشان داد که اثر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد دانه، عملکرد روغن، تعداد خورجین در بوته، تعداد شاخههای فرعی و وزن هزار دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنیدار بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (3295و 2877 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به ترتیب مربوط به تاریخ کاشت 20 و 30 شهریور بود. عامل رقم تنها برای تعداد دانه در خورجین و وزن هزار دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنیدار شد و بیشترین تعداد دانه در خورجین 3/24 و 2/ 24 عدد به ترتیب مربوط به ارقام SLM046 و Orient بود. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت و رقم تنها برای تعداد شاخههای فرعی و تعداد دانه در خورجین در سطح احتمال 5 درصد معنیدار شد. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که بهترین تاریخ کاشت در منطقه کرج 20 تا 30 شهریور ماه است و با تاخیر در کاشت، عملکرد ارقام کلزا به دلیل کاهش معنیدار در اکثر اجزای عملکرد کاهش مییابد
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
143
151
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1410_3923e6d5ea2d855f8bf502e747410546.pdf
Allelopathic Effects of Field Binweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) Extract and Residuals on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
M
Yarnia
استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز
author
E
Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi
مربی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ملکان
author
V
Ahmadzadeh
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
N
Nobari
کارشناس ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز
author
text
article
2010
per
With regards to importance and frequency of bindweedin wheat fields, an experiment was conducted to evaluate allelopathy effect of different parts of bindweedin different extract concentration on wheat germination and yield as factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replicates in 2007 and 2008. Four levels of organ extracts including leaf, shoot, root and intact plant extract of bindweedin four concentrations composing 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20 v/v were used. Distilled water was used as control. All extracts decreased germination and its components in wheat. Greatest decreasing effect was belonged to root extract. Root and intact plant extracts as 1:5 concentration inhibited wheat germination. Anova of glasshouse results showed that there were significant differences among direct and interaction effects on wheat attributes. Low leaf extract concentration and high root extract concentration indicated more inhibition effect. Increasing extract concentration from 1:20 to 1:5 decreased all attributes, significantly. Decreasing in seed number per plant, 100 kernel weight and yield in 1:5 were 76.17, 94.66 and 99.1% compared to control, respectively. Field trial confirmed glasshouse results. Generally, root and intact plant extract or powder had more growth restriction than shoot and leaf powder or extract on wheat attributes. In field condition, applying bindweedextract and residual decreased wheat yield 74.84% and 88%, respectively. It may be related to gradual leaching of allelochemicals from residuals of bindweedin growth season that affect growth and yield of wheat.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
153
167
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1415_64bb3954ab2f5fe959ddaa5abd96f3e0.pdf
Influence of Removal Time and Plant Density Canarygrass (Phalaris minor) on Wheat Seed Yield
H
Salehian
استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی قائمشهر
author
S
Soltani
دانشجوی دوره دکترای تخصصی و مربی گروه زیستشناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی قائمشهر
author
H
Noshadian
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
author
text
article
2010
per
Canarygrass is one of the most important weeds at wheat fields in north of Iran. Considering the effect time of removal on weed- crop interference is critical for the development of accurate crop yield loss models and weed density thresholds. Therefore, field experiments conducted at Mazandaran province, Iran, in 2005 and 2006 to determine the effect of canarygrass density and time of removal on wheat yield. Canarygrass was removed in 4 weeks intervals (mean 170 degree days) from wheat emergence until 24 weeks after that (mean 1097 degree days). Canarygrass density ranged from 0 to 320 plants m. High densities of late removal canarygrass greatly reduced wheat yield (44%). The difference in wheat yield loss between early and late removal of canarygrass was significant (mean 33%). The yield loss caused by individual canarygrass plants at low densities (parameter I) ranged from 0.30 to 0.32%. The effect of canarygrass time of removal (parameter C) varied significantly between years. The results of this study emphasize both the need for early removal of canarygrass, as well as the importance of weed emergence time in crop yield loss prediction
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
169
179
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1416_b584e37a85088174ad66b78d596bfe6b.pdf
Allelopatic Effects of Capparis spinosa, Herttia angustifolia and Peganum harmala on Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat and Alfalfa
H
Sodaeizade
- استادیار گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی دانشگاه یزد
author
MH
Hakimi Maybodi
استادیار گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی دانشگاه یزد
author
text
article
2010
per
An experiment was conducted to investigate the allelopathic effect of three range species, C. spinosa, P. harmala and H. angustifolia on germination and seedling growth of alfalfa and wheat. The experiment was performed at the Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, in 2002. A completely randomized design with three replications was carried out in a factorial combination of three plant extracts (C. spinosa, P. harmala and H. angustifolia) and distilled water as control, two extract concentrations (50% and 100%) and two target species (alfalfa and wheat). Results indicated that the C. spinosa extract caused the greatest inhibitory effect on test plants. Reductions in seed germination, shoot length and weight were 86, 98 and 99%, respectively compared to control. Results of this experiment also showed that C. spinosa extract had a highly significant inhibitory effect on root length and weight when compared to control. Between two concentrations, 100% concentration has more inhibitory effect on the average of germination and shoot weight as well as shoot length. But, there was no significant difference between root weight and root length. The results of this experiment also showed that the inhibitory effects of both concentrations were higher on alfalfa than wheat.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
University of Tabriz
2476-4310
20
v.
1
no.
2010
181
189
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_1417_ba5d7b3cdff65d677f17ca121593bc43.pdf