ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی کارایی کشت مخلوط ترتیکاله (Triticosecale) و ماشک گل خوشهای villosa L.) (Vicia با استفاده از شاخصهای رقابت تحت سامانههای مختلف خاکورزی
چکیده
اهداف: کشت مخلوط میتواند به عنوان یکی از راههای افزایش عملکرد و پایداری تولید در واحد سطح مطرح باشد. بنابراین، این آزمایش بهمنظور بررسی اجزاء عملکرد، عملکرد و شاخصهای رقابت در کشت مخلوط تریتیکاله با ماشک گل خوشهای تحت تأثیر سامانههای مختلف خاکورزی انجام گردید.
مواد و روشها: آزمایش در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان در سال زراعی 98-1397 بصورت اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرارانجام شد. خاکورزی در سه سطح (شخم مرسوم، حداقل و بدون شخم) عامل اصلی و الگوی کاشت در پنج سطح (کشت خالص ماشک (M) و تریتیکاله (T) و کشتهای مخلوط 50T:50M، 67T:33M و 33T:67M) عامل فرعی بوند.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که اثر خاکورزی و الگوی کشت بر تعداد سنبله در مترمربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه تریتیکاله و تعداد نیام در بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه ماشک معنیدار بود. بالاترین عملکرد دانه تریتیکاله و ماشک مربوط به شخم رایج و کشت خالص بود. بیشترین سودمندی بر اساس شاخصهای نسبت برابری زمین (30/1) و ضریب نسبی تراکم (60/4) از الگوی کشت مخلوط M50T+50 بدست آمد. مثبت بودن مقادیر شاخص غالبیت و بالاتر بودن مقادیر نسبت رقابت در الگوی 50T:50M و 33T:67M برای گیاه تریتیکاله، بیانگر برتری رقابتی تریتیکاله نسبت به ماشک یا استفاده بهتر از نهادهها در کشت مخلوط بوده است. کاهش یا افزایش عملکرد واقعی کل و سودمندی مخلوط در تریتیکاله و ماشک مثبت بود.
نتیجه گیری: بنابراین با برآورد شاخصهای رقابتی به منظور بررسی وضعیت دو گونه در مخلوط مشخص گردید در تیمارهای مختلف کشت مخلوط افت عملکرد واقعی کل وجود نداشت که نشان از برتری کشت مخلوط نسبت به تک کشتی میباشد. بنابراین الگوی 50T+50M علاوه بر ایجاد تنوع زیستی و پایداری اکوسیستم باعث حداکثر بهره وری از زمین میشود.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13731_27f2bd8903dd6e657784f26126d9b9d7.pdf
2021-10-22
1
18
10.22034/saps.2021.41625.2541
تنوع زیستی
چند کشتی
نسبت برابری زمین
سودمندی مخلوط
کشاورزی پایدار
شخم
طاهره
صدرا
tahereh.sadra96@gmail.com
1
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا
AUTHOR
جواد
حمزه ئی
j.hamzei@basu.ac.ir
2
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا
LEAD_AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر الگوهای مختلف کاشت بر خصوصیات زراعی دو رقم نخود در کشت مخلوط با بالنگوی شهری (iberica Lallemantia)
چکیدهاهداف: مطالعه برای بررسی خصوصیات زراعی دو رقم نخود در کشت مخلوط با بالنگوی شهری (قره زرک) و مشخص کردن الگوی مناسب کشت مخلوط انجام گرفت. مواد و روشها: آزمایش در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، به صورت طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل کشت مخلوط با نسبت 40 درصد، 60 درصد و80 درصد تراکم مطلوب بالنگوی شهری و تراکم مطلوب نخود آرمان و آزاد، کشت خالص نخود آزاد، کشت خالص نخود آرمان و کشت خالص بالنگوی شهری بودند. یافته ها: نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که در تیمار کشت خالص نخود آرمان، عملکرد بیولوژیکی، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد دانه و وزن صد دانه بیشترین میزان و در تیمار کشت مخلوط 80 درصد بالنگوی شهری و تراکم مطلوب نخود آزاد کمترین می باشد. نسبت برابری زمین بجز در تیمارهای کشت مخلوط 80 درصد بالنگوی شهری و تراکم مطلوب نخود آرمان و آزاد، بزرگتر از یک بود و بیشترین مقدار نسبت برابری زمین در تیمار کشت مخلوط 40 درصد بالنگوی شهری و تراکم مطلوب نخود آزاد و کمترین مقدار آن در تیمار کشت مخلوط 80 درصد بالنگوی شهری و تراکم مطلوب نخود آزاد و آرمان مشاهده شد. بیشترین مجموع ارزش نسبی در تیمار کشت مخلوط 60 درصد بالنگوی شهری و تراکم مطلوب نخود آزاد و کمترین آن در تیمار کشت مخلوط 80 درصد بالنگوی شهری و تراکم مطلوب نخود آزاد مشاهده شد. نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی با توجه به یافته های این پژوهش ، کشت مخلوط 40 درصد بالنگوی شهری و تراکم مطلوب نخود در هر دو رقم، مناسب کشت مخلوط میباشد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13686_4e6819e1994e76fce95b4a696de71333.pdf
2021-10-23
19
30
10.22034/saps.2021.13686
واژه های کلیدی: بالنگوی شهری
کشت مخلوط
عملکرد دانه
نسبت برابری زمین
نخود
ولی
خوشقدم
valixosqadam@gmail.com
1
گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
LEAD_AUTHOR
سعید
زهتاب سلماسی
2
گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
جلیل
شفق کلوانق
shafagh.jalil@gmail.com
3
گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
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Rezvani Moghadam P, Raoofi M R, Rashed Mohassel M H and Moradi R. 2010. Evaluation of sowing patterns and weed control on mung bean (Vigna radiate L. Wilczek) - black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) intercropping system. Agroecology, 1(1). 65-79.
20
Shokrani F, Jalilian J, Pirzad A and Rezaei-Chiyaneh E. 2018. Effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria inoculation on yield's characteristics of dragon's head (Lallemantia iberica) and chickpea (Cicer aritinum L.) in monoculture and intercropping conditions. Iranian Dryland Agronomy Journal, 6(2): 209-228.
21
Vafadar-Yengeje L, Amini R and Dabbagh mohammdi Nasab A. 2017. Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Intercropping with Moldavian Balm (Dracocephalum moldavica) under Organic and Chemical Fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 27(4): 121-136.
22
Valizadegan A. 2015. Study of Yield Quality and Quantity in Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) and Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Species Diversity and Relative Abundance of Insects in Row and Strip Intercropping. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(3): 15-30
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی عملکرد اسانس و شاخصهای اکولوژیکی در کشت مخلوط آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) و سویا (Glycine max L.) با کاربرد قارچ میکوریز
چکیدهمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به لزوم استفاده از سیستمهای کشاورزی پایدار و وارد کردن گونههای جدید بهمنظور افزایش تنوع گونهای، پژوهشی با هدف بررسی اثر کشت مخلوط آویشن (Thymus vulgaris L.) با سویا (Glycine max L.) با کاربرد کود زیستی بر محتوی و عملکرد اسانس آویشن و شاخصهای اکولوژیکی اجرا شد. مواد و روشها: آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 12 تیمار و 3 تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه در سال زراعی 1398 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی الگوهای مختلف کشت شامل کشت خالص آویشن، کشت خالص سویا، کشت مخلوط یک ردیف سویا+ یک ردیف آویشن (1:1) و دو ردیف سویا+ یک ردیف آویشن (2:1) بود. فاکتور دوم و سوم بهترتیب تلقیح و عدم تلقیح با میکوریز و برداشت (دو چین) بودند. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک آویشن (5/634 گرم در متر مربع) در کشت خالص و چین اول بدست آمد. همچنین، بیشترین عملکرد اسانس آویشن (45/9 گرم در متر مربع) در چین اول و الگوی کشت مخلوط 1:1 بدست آمد. علاوه بر این، با تلقیح قارچ میکوریزا درصد و عملکرد اسانس آویشن بترتیب 86/30 و 95/11 درصد نسبت به عدم تلقیح افزایش یافت. بیشترین شاخصهای اکولوژیکی (نسبت معادل سطح زیر کشت و زمان، نسبت معادل سطح برداشت و کارایی استفاده از زمین) و شاخصهای اقتصادی (سودمندی کشت، سودمندی اقتصادی کشت مخلوط و شاخص بهرهوری سیستم) در الگوی کشت 1:1 با کاربرد کود زیستی بدست آمد که بیانگر سودمند بودن این الگوی کشت از لحاظ اقتصادی نسبت به کشت خالص دو گیاه میباشد. نتیجهگیری: به طور کلی، کشت مخلوط یک ردیف سویا+ یک ردیف آویشن همراه با کود زیستی میتواند در افزایش درآمد اقتصادی و کارایی استفاده از زمین به کشاورزان معرفی گردد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13687_40335a2ea709c85f8041df992f5d1282.pdf
2021-10-23
31
50
10.22034/saps.2021.13687
واژههای کلیدی: الگوی کشت
شاخص بهرهوری سیستم
عملکرد دانه
کشاورزی پایدار
کود زیستی
مصطفی
امانی ماچیانی
amani0056@gmail.com
1
اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه
AUTHOR
عبدالله
جوانمرد
a.javanmard@maragheh.ac.ir
2
گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه
LEAD_AUTHOR
علی
استادی
aliostadi1369@gmail.com
3
اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه
AUTHOR
محمدرضا
مرشدلو
4
گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
مطالعه تأثیر خاکپوش زنده بر خصوصیات فنولوژیک و عملکرد کمی و کیفی دانه رقم آفتابگردان(Helianthus annuus L.)
چکیدهاهداف: پژوهش حاضر به منظور تعیین مناسبترین زمان کاشت خاکپوش زنده ( شنبلیله) بر فنولوژی، کیفیت دانه و عملکرد ارقام آفتابگردان انجام شد. مواد و روشها: آزمایش در سال 1396 در دانشگاه رازی بهصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی اجرا شد. فاکتور اول کاشت شنبلیله در چهار سطح (عدم کشت خاکپوش زنده (شاهد)، کاشت شنبلیله 15 روز قبل، همزمان و 15 روز بعد از آفتابگردان) و فاکتور دوم سه رقم آفتابگردان (پروگرس، فرخ، لاکومکا) بود. یافتهها: کاشت شنبلیله قبل از آفتابگردان منجر به کاهش عملکرد کمی و کیفی آفتابگردان شد. به طوری که عملکردهای دانه، روغن و پروتئین آفتابگردان در شرایط کاشت خاکپوش زنده 15 روز قبل از آن به ترتیب 5/38، 9/37 و 6/43 درصد کمتر از تیمار شاهد بود. همچنین وقوع مراحل ستارهای شدن، گلدهی، تشکیل طبق و رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک به ترتیب به میزان 8/69، 8/21، 5/24 و 6/82 درجه روز رشد بیشتر (4/4، 1/1، 1 و 3/4 روز دیرتر) از شرایط شاهد رخ داد. با این حال کاشت خاکپوش زنده همزمان و 15 روز بعد از آفتابگردان بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی دانههای آفتابگردان تأثیر مثبت داشت. عملکردهای دانه، روغن و پروتئین با کاشت همزمان به ترتیب 4/39، 4/36 و 3/43 درصد بیشتر از شاهد بود. این مقادیر با کاشت خاکپوش زنده بعد از آفتابگردان به ترتیب 5/25، 7/26 و 5/23 درصد بهدست آمدند. وقوع مراحل گلدهی و تشکیل طبق در شرایط کاشت همزمان بهترتیب به 8/20 و 1/47 درجه روز رشد (7/0 و 4/1 روز زودتر) و در شرایط کاشت خاکپوش زنده بعد از آفتابگردان به 3/42 و 6/112 درجه روز رشد کمتر (8/1 و 6/4 روز زودتر) از شاهد احتیاج داشت. بین ارقام آفتابگردان، وقوع مراحل فنولوژیک برای رقم پروگرس دیرتر از ارقام فرخ و لاکومکا بود. دانههای رقم فرخ بیشترین محتوای روغن را داشتند (36 درصد). بیشترین عملکرد دانه (3426 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، روغن (1203 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و پروتئین (536 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به رقم لاکومکا اختصاص یافت. نتیجهگیری: کاشت زودهنگام خاکپوش زنده به دلیل ایجاد رقابت بین بوتههای شنبلیله با بوتههای جوان آفتابگردان، منجر به رشد رویشی ضعیف و تأخیر زمان وقوع مراحل رشد فنولوژیک آفتابگردان خواهد شد. این نتایج اهمیت انتخاب رقم مناسب و به حداقل رساندن رقابت از طریق انتخاب زمان مطلوب کاشت خاکپوش زنده زنده که باعث برتری اثر مساعدتی خاکپوش زنده نسبت به اثر رقابتی آن میشود را ثابت میکند.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13728_ce95e37e8572ab7e64ee6c95d985196c.pdf
2021-10-23
51
69
10.22034/saps.2021.40595.2513
پروتئین
روغن
رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک
شنبلیله
خاکپوش زنده
بیتا
عباسی
bita.abassi@gmail.com
1
اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه
LEAD_AUTHOR
غلامرضا
محمدی
mohammadi@razi.ac.ir
2
گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه
AUTHOR
علیرضا
باقری
alireza884@yahoo.com
3
گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه
AUTHOR
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Kasem MM and Mesilby MA, 1992. Effect of application treatment of nitrogen fertilizer on sunflower (Heliuntus annus) growth characters. Annals of Agricultural Science, 30: 653-663.
24
Latifi S, Yusefi A and Jamshidi K, 2016. Effect of use of living mulch on yield and yield composition of sunflower and weed control. Journal of Agriculture, 17(2): 415-430. (In Persian).
25
Leach G, Rees MC and Charles DA, 2016. Relations between summer crops and ground cover legumes in a subtropical environment 1. Effects of a Vigna trilobata ground cover on growth and yield of sorghum and sunflower. Field Crops Rresearch, 15(1): 17-37.
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27
Martin RC, Greyson PR and Gordon R, 1991. Competition between corn and a living mulch. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 79: 579-586.
28
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29
Mendham NJ, Shipway PA and Scott RK, 1981. The effect of delayed sowing and weather on growth development and yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Agriculture Science, 96: 389-416.
30
Moayedi Shahraki A, Jami Al, Ahmadi M, Behdani M and Mahmoudi S, 2012. Effect of cover crops and mulching management on yield and yield composition of safflower. Journal of Agro ecology, 3(2): 227-232. (In Persian).
31
Mohammaddoust HR, Rafeie S and Asghari A, 2015. Effect of cover crops on weed density and weed biomass in tomato. Agro science and sustainable production, 25(2): 75-86. (In Persian).
32
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Mozafari S, 2011. The effect of living mulch on growth, yield and weed control in maize field. Msc. Thesis. Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Razi University. (In Persian).
35
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36
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37
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38
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45
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46
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47
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر کوتاه مدت گیاهان پوششی زمستانه بر بهبود برخی ویژگیهای خاک و عملکرد سیبزمینی
چکیدهاهداف: گیاهان پوششی توانایی بالایی برای کمک به کشاورزی پایدار دارند. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثربخشی استفاده از گیاهان پوششی زمستانه تربسفید و یولاف بهصورت تککشتی یا مخلوط بر بهبود عملکرد سیبزمینی و برخی ویژگیهای خاک بود. مواد و روشها: آزمایش مزرعهای در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سالهای1396 و 1397 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کشت پاییزه گیاهان پوششی یولاف(Avena sativa L.)، ترب سفید (Raphanus sativus L.) و کشت مخلوط آنها با نسبت بذر 50 درصد و تیمار شاهد در سال 1396 و کاشت سیب زمینی متعاقب آن در سال 1397بود. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین زیستتوده گیاهان پوششی از تیمار تککشتی ترب سفید (1/466 گرم در متر مربع) حاصل شد. بیشترین زیستتوده علفهای هرز از تیمار شاهد (6/353 گرم در متر مربع) بهدست آمد. تککشتی و کشت مخلوط یولاف و ترب سفید اختلاف آماری معنیداری از نظر کاهش زیستتوده علفهای هرز نداشتند. غالب ویژگیهای خاک مورد اندازهگیری بجزء کربن آلی خاک، تحت تاثیر گیاهان پوششی قرار گرفتند. عملکرد سیبزمینی در تککشتی و کشت مخلوط گیاهان پوششی دارای اختلاف آماری معنیداری نبود اما در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد بدون کشت گیاهان پوششی، تککشتی یولاف، ترب سفید و کشت مخلوط آنها به ترتیب 45/31، 55/24 و 56/20 درصد عملکرد سیبزمینی را افزایش دادند. نتیجهگیری: نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش بیانگر تأثیر مثبت گیاهان پوششی زمستانه بصورت تککشتی و کشت مخلوط بر ویژگیهای فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک و همچنین عملکرد سیبزمینی بود.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13689_e4097ce93aef3ec9f10ee485a51da36d.pdf
2021-10-23
71
83
10.22034/saps.2021.13689
واژه های کلیدی: ترب سفید
جمعیت میکروبی خاک
سلامت خاک
کربن آلی خاک
کرم خاکی
صفری
قهرمانی
1
اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
AUTHOR
علی
عبادی
2
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
احمد
توبه
ahmadtobeh1340@gmail.com
3
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
مسعود
هاشمی
masoud@umass.edu
4
گروه علوم خاک فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه ماساچوست آمریکا
AUTHOR
محمد
صدقی
mosedghi2003@yahoo.com
5
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
عبدالقیوم
قلی پوری
gholipoori@yahoo.com
6
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
پاسخ کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) به نظامهای مختلف تغذیه و گیاهان پوششی در رقابت با علفهای هرز
چکیدهاهداف: این پژوهش بهمنظور بررسی اثر نظامهای مختلف تغذیه و گیاهان پوششی روی صفات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و شاخصهای رقابتی کنجد در رقابت با علفهای هرز انجام شد. مواد و روشها: پژوهش حاضر در سال 1395 در مزرعه آموزشی و پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری بهصورت طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و 8 تیمار اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: 1- کنجد + گیاه پوششی سویا + بدون کود، 2- کنجد + گیاه پوششی ارزن + بدون کود، 3- کنجد + گیاه پوششی سویا + ورمیکمپوست، 4- کنجد + گیاه پوششی ارزن + ورمیکمپوست، 5- کنجد + گیاه پوششی سویا + کود شیمیایی، 6- کنجد + گیاه پوششی ارزن + کود شیمیایی، 7- تککشتی کنجد + بدون وجین + بدون کود (شاهد) 8- تککشتی کنجد + باوجین + کود شیمیایی (شاهد) بود. صفات مورد بررسی در این آزمایش شامل: تراکم و زیست توده علفهای هرز، شاخصهای رقابتی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و همچنین صفات مورفولوژیک کنجد میباشد. یافتهها: نتایج نمونهبرداری از علفهای هرز طی سه مرحله (مرحله 10 برگی، خمیری شدن دانه و زمان برداشت کنجد) نشان داد که بیشترین تراکم و زیست توده علفهای هرز در تیمار شاهد بدون وجین و بعد از آن در تیمار سویا با کود شیمیایی مشاهده شد. نتایج تحقیقات نشان داد منابع کودی و گیاهان پوششی تاثیر معنیداری بر عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح، تعداد کپسول در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و همچنین شاخص رقابت (CI) داشته است، بهگونهای که بیشینه و کمینه مقدار عملکرد دانه بهترتیب در تیمار گیاه پوششی ارزن با کود آلی (22/1630 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و ارزن بدون کود (33/413 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مشاهده شد. بالاترین تعداد کپسول در بوته (41) در تیمار شاهد با وجین و بیشترین تعداد دانه در کپسول (33/64 و 66/63) و وزن هزار دانه کنجد (56/2 و 53/2 گرم) بهترتیب در دو تیمار شاهد با وجین و ارزن با کاربرد کود آلی مشاهده شد، همچنین بالاترین میزان شاخص رقابت (38/4 درصد) در تیمار کنجد به همراه ارزن با کود آلی مشاهده شد که نشاندهنده تاثیر معنیدار تیمارهای آزمایش بر این شاخص در گیاه کنجد بود. نتیجهگیری: نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که کاشت گیاه پوششی ارزن توانست با کاهش تراکم و زیست توده علفهای هرز، عملکرد کنجد را بهطور چشمگیری افزایش دهد. همچنین استفاده از کود آلی نسبت به کود شیمیایی باعث بهبود ویژگیهای خاک شده و در نتیجه استفاده از آن راهکاری مناسب جهت دستیابی به عملکرد بالاتر در گیاه زراعی کنجد بهشمار میآید. لذا، استفاده از گیاه پوششی ارزن و همچنین کود آلی در جهت بهبود عملکرد کنجد و مدیریت مناسب علفهای هرز توصیه میگردد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13690_279f8c47b69e0013576adf6eb0d56478.pdf
2021-10-23
85
100
10.22034/saps.2021.13690
واژههای کلیدی: ارزن
سویا
شاخص رقابت
علف هرز
کشاورزی پایدار
هیوا
خانه ای
1
گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران
AUTHOR
فائزه
زعفریان
fa.zaefarian@sanru.ac.ir
2
گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
ایران دخت
منصوری
3
گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران
AUTHOR
Amin Ghafori A, Rezvani Moghadam P, Nasiri Mahallati M and Khorramdel S. 2015. Effect of cover crops on weed criteria and quantitative and qualitative yield of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). Journal of Plant Research, 21(4): 21-41.
1
Andarkhor SA and Mansori S. 2016. Evaluation of yield and yield components of sesame promising lines under on-farm conditions in Mazandaran. Research Achievement for Improvement Crop Production, 1(2): 61-68. (In Persian).
2
Ashoori M, Esfahani M, Abdollahi Sh and Rabiei B. 2013. Effect of foliar application of organic fertilizer complements on grain yield, yield components and quality in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Cereal Research, 3(4): 291-305. (In Persian).
3
Bahari Saravi SH and Pirdashti H. 2012. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and phosphate solubilizing microorganism (PSM) on yield and yield components of wheat (cv. N80) under different nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers levels in greenhouse condition. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Ressearch, 10(4): 681-689. (In Persian).
4
Bolandi Amooghin M, Tobeh A, Alebrahim M., Gholipouri A and Ghasemi M. 2015. The effect of cover crops on weed control and improving seed yield and growth characteristics of hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Journal of Agroecology, 5(1): 114-127. (In Persian).
5
Challaiah O, Burnside C, Wicks GA, and Johanson VA. 1986. Competition between winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars and downy brome (Bromus tectorum). Weed Science, 34(5): 689-693.
6
Dadashi F, Zaefarian F, Abasi R and Bahmanyar MA. 2015. Effect of soybean and wheat as cover crops on corn yield and weed control using different fertilizer sources. Journal of Plant Protection, 29(3): 388-399. (In Persian).
7
Eli MA, Yosefi A, Pouryosef M and Fotovat R. 2012. Use of pearl millet as a live plant for suppressing sunflower weeds. 12th Iranian Congress of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, page: 5. (In Persian).
8
Eyshi Reazaei E, Rezvani Moghaddam P, Khazaei HR and Mohammd Abadi A. 2011. Effects of planting patterns (mixed and intercropping) and millet plant density on yield and forage yield components of millet and soybean under Mashhad weather conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 9(1): 50-59. (In Persian).
9
Fakhari R and Tobeh A. 2015. Effect of fall rye, spring vetch and berseem clover cover crops on weeds control. Plant Productions, 38(2): 51-63. (In Persian).
10
Foroghi A and Gherekhloo J. 2013. Planing row spacing effect and common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) interference on grain yield and its components of two sesame (Sesamum indicum) cultivars in Gorgan. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 6(2): 101-116. (In Persian).
11
Ghafari M, Ahmadvand G, Ardakani MR, Mossadeghi MR and Ghaffari M. 2013. Effect of winter cereals as pre plant cover crops on weeds control, improving soil fertility, yield and yield components of potato. Plant Productions, 36(4): 29-42. (In Persian).
12
Ghaffari M, Ahmadvand G, Ardakani MR, Keshavarz N and Nadali I. 2012. Ecological weed management by cover cropping: Effect on winter weeds and summer weeds establishment in potato. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 10(1): 247-255. (In Persian).
13
Ghasemi S, Siavashi k, Choukan R, Khavazi K and Rahmani A. 2011. Effect of biofertilizer phosphate on grain yield and its components of maize (Zea mays L.) cv. KSC704 under water deficit stress conditions. Seed and Plant Products, 27(2): 219-233. (In Persian).
14
Goldani M and Fazeli Kakhki SF. 2014. Evaluation of effect of chemical and organic fertilizers on growth characteristics, yield and yield components of three sesame ecotypes (Sesamum indicum L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 12(1): 127-136. (In Persian).
15
Hollander NG, Bastiaans L and Kropff MJ. 2007. Clover as a cover crop for weed suppression in an intercropping design. I. Characteristics of several clover species. European Journal of Agronomy, 26(2): 104-112.
16
Hoseini M, Zamani GhR, Alizadeh HM and Eslami SV. 2012. Evaluation effect of different wheat residue and sunflower densities on growth and yield of sunflower. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 4(3): 37-53. (In Persian).
17
Jafari AR, Ardakani MR, Dari HR, Ghanbari AA and Elkaee MN. 2010. Effect of plant spacing and plant density on yield and yield components of two white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) promising lines in presence and absence of weeds. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 8(1): 34-41. (In Persian).
18
Jalali AH, Bohrani MJ and Karimian N. 2011. Effect of crop residue management, application of compost and nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield and its components in maize cv. DC370. Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 13(2): 351-336. (In Persian).
19
Jalilian J and Heydarzadeh S. 2016. Effect of cover crops, organic and chemical fertilizer on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(4): 71-85. (In Persian). Karimi H, Zaefarian F and Emadi M. 2019. The effect of different nutritional systems on yield and yield components of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in competition and non- competition with weeds. Journal of Plant Production Research, 26(4): 61-77. (In Persian).
20
Kavurmaci Z, Karadavut U, Kokten K and Bakoglu A. 2010. Determining critical period of weed-crop competition in faba bean (Vicia faba). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 12(2): 318-320.
21
Khamar Z, Dahmarde M and Khamari I. 2014. The evaluation of density and weeds control in millet (Pennisetum americanum L.) and pea nut (Arachis hypogaea L.) intercropping by competition indices. Journal of Crop Science Research in Arid Regions, 1(1): 68-85.
22
Kosaryfar M, Khajoei-Nejad Gh, Maghsoudi Moud A and Ghanbari J. 2015. Effect of different fertilizer treatments application on quantitative and qualitative yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars at climatic conditions of Kerman. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 13(2): 378-390. (In Persian).
23
Mansori I. 2005. Effect of density on yield and yield components of soybean and weed management in Mazandaran. The first Iranian Weed Science, 135-139. (In Persian).
24
Mohamaddoust Chamanabad HR, Rafeie S and Asgharii A. 2015. Effect of cover crops on weed density and weed biomass in tomato. Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(2.1): 75-86. (In Persian).
25
Montemurro F and Fiore A. 2013. Organic fertilization, green manure, and vetch mulch to improve organic zucchini yield and quality. Horticultural Science, 48(8): 1027-1033.
26
Nazari Sh, Zaefrian F and Farahmanfar E. 2014. Ability of three legume cover crops to control weeds in corn. Journal of Plant Protection, 27(4): 459-466. (In Persian).
27
Pasban F, Balouchi H, Yadavi A, Salehi A and Attarzadeh M. 2015. The role of organic and biological fertilizers in qualitative and quantitative yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) cv. williams. Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(3): 137-149.
28
Pirzad A, Javanshir A, Alyari H and shakiba M. 2002. Evaluation of yield and competition in maize and soybean culture. Agricultural Science, 12(3): 99-111. (In Persian).
29
Rezvani Moghaddam P, Mohammadabadi AA and Moradi R. 2010. The effect of application of chemical and organic fertilizers on yield and yield components of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in different plant densities. Agroecology, 2(2): 256-265. (In Persian).
30
Samarajeewa KBDP, Takatsugu H and Shinyo O. 2006. Finger millet (Eleusine corocanal L. Gaertn) as a cover crop on weed control, growth and yield of soyabean under different tillage systems. Soli and Tillage Research, 90(1.2): 93-99.
31
Sarrantonio M and Gallandt E. 2008. The role of cover crops in North American cropping systems. Journal of Crop Production, 8(1): 53-74.
32
Seyedi SM and Rezvani Moghaddam P. 2011. Yield, yield components and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in mushroom compost, biological fertilizer and urea application. Agroecology, 3(3): 309-319. (In Persian).
33
Shahbazi S. 2008. Evaluation of growth indices and performance of sesame cultivars in competition with red rooster corn (Amaranthus retroflexus). Master's thesis, College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Karaj, Tehran University. (In Persian).
34
Sujatha MG, Lingaraju BS, Palled YB and Ashalatha KV. 2008. Importance of integrated nutrient management practices in maize under rain fed condition. Karnataka, Journal of Agricultural Science, 21(3): 334-338.
35
Thorup-Kristian K, Dresboll DB and Kristensen HL. 2012. Crop yield, root growth, and nutrient dynamics in a conventional and three organic cropping systems with different levels of external inputs and N re-cycling through fertility building crops. Europian Journal of Agronomy, 37(1): 66-82.
36
Uchino H, Iwama K, Jitsuyama Y, Yudate T and Nakamura S. 2009. Yield losses of soybean and maize by competition with interseeded cover crop and weed in organic based cropping systems. Field Crop Research, 113: 342-357.
37
Zarghani H, Nezami A, Khajeh-Hosseini M and Izadi E. 2012. The effect of weeding time on yield and yield components of sesame (sesamum indicum L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 10(4): 690-698. (In Persian).
38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثرات زیستمحیطی نظام تولید گندم آبی با رویکرد ارزیابی چرخه حیات (مطالعه موردی: استان اردبیل(
چکیدهاهداف: ارزیابی چرخه حیات (LCA)رویکردی برای مطالعه اثرات زیست محیطی تولید محصول یا انجام یک فعالیت است که بر اساس دو شاخص میزان مصرف منابع وانتشارآلایندهها محاسبه میگردد. یکی از محدودیتهای استفاده از نهادهها در بخش کشاورزی انتشار آلایندههای مختلف میباشد که اثرات منفی بر محیطزیست دارند. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی انتشار آلایندههای زیستمحیطی در مراحل مختلف تولید گندم آبی در استان اردبیل است. مواد و روشها: برای تجزیه وتحلیل اثرات زیست محیطی، از روش ISO14014 به ازای یک واحد کارکردی معادل با یک تن دانه استفاده شد. دادههای موردنیاز از طریق پرسشنامه ومصاحبه حضوری با تولیدکنندگان گندم آبی استان در سال زراعی 97-1396 جمعآوری شدند. اثرات زیستمحیطی در قالب هفت گروه تأثیر گرمایش جهانی، سمیت برای اکوسیستمهای خشکی، اسیدی شدن، تخلیه منابع فسیلی، تخلیه منابع فسفات، تخلیه منابع پتاسیم و منابع آبی با استفاده از ارزیابی چرخه حیات(LCA) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافتهها: برآورد شاخصهای زیستمحیطی (EcoX) و یا تخلیه محیطی (RDI) برای گروههای تأثیر نشان داد که ارزشهای EcoX و RDI برای گروههای تأثیر گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیته، اوتریفیکاسیون اکوسیستم خشکی و تخلیه منابع فسیلی، فسفات، پتاسیم و منابع آبی بهترتیب برابر با 075/0، 178/0، 401/0، 036/0، 628/0، 040/0 و 353/0 بهدست آمد. بنابراین میتوان نتیجه گرفت در میان شاخصهای زیست محیطی اوتریفیکاسیون خشکی بیشترین تأثیر منفی و در میان گروههای تخلیه منابع، تخلیه منابع فسفات بالاترین پتانسیل آسیب به محیطزیست را دارد. نتیجهگیری: به نظر میرسد که مدیریت مصرف بهینه کودهای شیمیایی بهویژه کود نیتروژن و فسفر بر مبنای بهرهگیری از اصول کم نهاده و کاربرد انواع نهادههای آلی، کاشت گیاهان تثبیتکننده نیتروژن و خاکورزی حداقل میتوان از روشهای مختلف مدیریت نظام زراعی بهره جست. تا بتوان گامی برای کاهش اثرات زیست محیطی باشد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13691_2c99458cad53aa50e8f02af53ec6d062.pdf
2021-10-23
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10.22034/saps.2021.13691
آلاینده
ارزیابی چرخه حیات
اوتریفیکاسیون خشکی
گندم
تخلیه منابع
جبرائیل
تقی نژاد
1
مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)- سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
عادل
واحدی
adel@yahoo.com
2
موسسه تحقیقات فنی ومهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
Almaraz JJ, Zhou X, Mabood F, Madramootoo C, Rochette P, Ma BL and Smith DL. 2009. Greenhouse gas fluxes associated with soybean production under two tillage systems in southwestern Quebec. Soil and Tillage Research 104, 134-139.
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Anonymous. 2015. Agricultural statistics center for information and communication Assistance of technology, Planning and Economic, Ministry of Agriculture. (In Persian).
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3
Brentrup F, Küsters J, Lammel J and Kuhlmann H .2002. Life cycle impact assessment of land use based on the Hemeroby concept. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 7, 339–348.
4
Buratti C, Barbanera M and Fantozzi F. 2009. Enviromental Impact Assessment of Fiber Sorghum (Sudan-Grass) Production Systems For Biomass Energy Production In a Central Region of Italy.
5
Finkbeiner M, Inaba A, Tan RBH, Christiansen K and Klüppel HJ. 2006. The new international standards for life cycle assessment: ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. Internationa journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 11, 80–85.
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Gasol CM, Gabarrell X, Anton A, Rigola M, Carrasco J, Ciria P and Rieradevall J. 2007. Life cycle assessment of a Brassica carinata bioenergy cropping system in southern Europe.Biomass and Bioenergy, 31(8), 543-555
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Ghasemi-Mobtaker H, Keyhani A, Mohammadi A, Rafiee Sh and Akram A. 2010 Sensitivity analysis of energy inputs for barley production in Hamedan province of Iran. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment; 137:367-72.
8
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ISO. (2006) 14040. 2006. Environmental management-Life cycle assessment-Principles and framework. European Committee for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
10
Kamkar B and Mahdavi Damghani M. 2008. Principles of sustainable agriculture. Publications University of Mashhad. 315 pages.
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Khanali MA, Akram M, Mohammadnia Galeshklamei H, Hosseinzadeh B and Elhami B. 2019. Evaluating the energy flow and environmental effects of cake production in guilan province by life cycle assessment approach. Biosystem journal. 569-579. (In Persian).
12
Khorramdel S, Rezvani-Moghaddam P and Amin-Ghafori A. 2014. Evaluation of environmental impacts for wheat Agroecosystems of Iran byusing Life Cycle Assessment methodology.Cereal Research, 4(1), 27-44. (In Persian).
13
Khoshnevisan B, Bolandnazar E, Shamshirband S, Motamed H, Badrul N, Mat L and Kiah, MLM. 2015. Decreasing environmental impacts of cropping systems using life cycle assessment (LCA) and multi-objective genetic algorithm. Journal of Cleaner Production, 86, 67–77.
14
Khoshnevisan B, Rafiee S, Omid M, Mousazadeh H and Clark S. 2014. Environmental impact assessment of tomato and cucumber cultivation in greenhouses using life cycle assessment and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system in ran. Journal of Cleaner Production , 1-10.
15
Koocheki A, Nasiri Mahallati M, and Kiani MR. 2014. Long-term forecasting of demand for fertilizers inagriculture. Ecological Agriculture, 4 (1),1-14. (In Persian).
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MOE Ministry Of Energy. 2012. Energy balance in Iran.From http://www.moe.gov.ir.
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Mousavi-Avval H, Rafiee S, Jafari A and Mohammadi A. )2011(. Optimization of energy consumption for soybean production using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. Applied Energy, 88(11): 3765-3772.
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Nie SW, Gao WS, Chen YQ, Sui P and Eneji AE. 2010. Use of life cycle assessment methodology for determining phytoremediation potentials of maize-based cropping systems in fields with nitrogen fertilizer over-dose. Journal of Cleaner Production, 18, 1530-1534.
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Parajuli R, Kristensen IBS, Trydeman Knudsen M, Mogensen L, Corona A, Birkved M, Peña N, Graversgaard M and Dalgaard T. 2017. Environmental life cycle assessments of producing maize, grass-clover, ryegrass and winter wheat straw for biorefinery.Journal of Cleaner Production, 3859-3871.
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Sadiq MS, Singh IP, Makama SA, Umar SM, Isah MA and Grema IJ. 2016. Agrarian crisis and steps to combat it: Evidence of GHG emission (CO2) in sesame production in Jigawa State, Nigeria. Indian Journal of Economics and Development, 12(1a): 361-368.
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26
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27
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر قارچ Piriformospora indica بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گیاه تربچه (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) در شرایط تنش فلزات سنگین
چکیدهاهداف: قارچ Piriformospora indica علاوه بر تحریک رشد و نمو گیاه میزبان سبب ایجاد مقاومت به تنشهای غیرزیستی نظیر تنش فلزات سنگین میشود. بررسی تاثیر قارچ اندوفیت P. indica بر برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گیاه تربچه و همچنین مقاومت به تنش فلزات سنگین از اهداف این پژوهش است. مواد و روشها: این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ملایر انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل 3 نوع فلز سنگین (روی، نیکل، سرب و شاهد) و 3 تیمار قارچی (تلقیح با اسپور، تلقیح با میسیلیوم و عدم تلقیح) بودند. خصوصیات مورد بررسی شامل وزن خشک اندام هوایی، محتوای نسبی آب، رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی، نشت یونی، کربوهیدرات کل محلول، پروتئین و پرولین بود. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد طی تنش، فلزات سنگین کاهش معنیداری در وزن خشک، محتوای نسبی آب، کلروفیل، کاروتنوئید، میزان کربوهیدرات و پروتئین ایجاد کرد؛ در حالیکه تلقیح با اسپور و میسیلیوم قارچ بر صفاتی نظیر پرولین، کربوهیدرات و پروتئین اثر معنیداری داشت و باعث افزایش این صفات و کاهش تاثیرات منفی فلزات سنگین شد. تنش فلزات سنگین با افزایش نشت یونی باعث ناپایداری غشاء گردید اما تلقیح با قارچ خصوصا اسپور میزان نشت یونی ناشی از پراکسیداسیون لیپیدها را پائین آورد. نتیجهگیری: کاربرد روشهای زیستی میتواند نقش مهمی در مقابله با اثرات سمی فلزات سنگین داشته باشد. با توجه به تکثیر قارچ P. indica بر روی محیط کشت مصنوعی و نتایج بدست آمده، امکان استفاده از آن به عنوان یک کود زیستی در اصلاح خاکهای آلوده به فلزات سنگین قابل بررسی است.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13694_597988297bb9ffe47e884cbee4d3055b.pdf
2021-10-23
117
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10.22034/saps.2021.13694
رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی
پراکسیداسیون لیپید
تنش فلزات سنگین
همزیستی
نشت یونی
فاطمه
ایزدی
nazgolizadi@gmail.com
1
مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران
AUTHOR
مهدی
قبولی
mehdi.ghabooli@gmail.com
2
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
مجید
رستمی
majidrostami7@yahoo.com
3
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران
AUTHOR
زهرا
موحدی
zahra_movahedi_312@yahoo.com
4
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران
AUTHOR
Akram NA, Noreen S, Noreen T and Ashraf M. 2015. Exogenous application of trehalose alters growth, physiology and nutrient composition in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plants under water-deficit conditions. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 38: 431–439.
1
Arnon DI. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-15.
2
Bagheri A, Saadatmand S, Niknam V, Nejadsatari T and Babaeizad V. 2013. Effect of endophytic fungus, Piriformospora indica on growth and activity of antioxidant enzymes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salinity stress. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 1(11): 1337-1350.
3
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر کاربرد ورمیکمپوست بر رشد و روابط آبی گیاه کینوا در شرایط تنش شوری
چکیده
اهداف: کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) گیاه یکساله بهاره و شبه غله از تیره اسفناجیان است و ارزش غذایی بالایی دارد. مطالعات نشان داده است که استفاده از کودهای آلی مانند ورمیکمپوست میتواند اثرات منفی تنش شوری را در گیاهان کاهش داده و رشد و عملکرد آنها را بهبود ببخشد.
مواد و روشها: آزمایش بهصورت گلدانی با طرح آماری کاملاً تصادفی در قالب فاکتوریل با سه تکرار در خاک شنلومی استریل انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل ورمیکمپوست (در دو سطح صفر و دو درصد) و شوری حاصل از نمک کلرید سدیم شامل سطوح 06/1(هدایت الکتریکی اولیه خاک)، 5، 10، 20 و 30 دسیزیمنس بر متر) بودند.
یافتهها : نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل شوری و ورمیکمپوست در تمام صفات اندازهگیری شده معنیدار بودند (p≤0.05)، وزنتر و خشکریشه در حضور و عدم حضور ورمیکمپوست با افزایش شوری کاهش پیدا کرد. در سطوح متناظر شوری (بهجز dS.m-1 30) تیمار ورمیکمپوست سبب افزایش وزنتر و خشکریشه شد. اثر منفی شوری بر وزنتر و خشک بخش هوایی کمتر از بخش ریشه بود و کاهش معنیدار در سطح dS.m-1 30 اتفاق افتاد. شاخص کلروفیل با افزایش شوری کاهش یافت ولی در تمام سطوح شوری تیمار ورمیکمپوست سبب افزایش معنیدار آن گردید. تیمار ورمیکمپوست تا dS.m-1 10 اثر مثبت خود بر هدایت روزنهای را نشان داد. نشت الکترولیت تا dS.m-1 10 در تیمار ورمیکمپوست کاهش یافت.
نتیجه گیری: کاربرد ورمیکمپوست بر میزان تولید زیستتوده کینوا تأثیر مثبت گذاشته و موجب بهبود وضعیت رشد و عملکرد آن در شرایط تنش شوری گردیده است.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13718_0d725e27d7c2666b1597a2bea4605fd0.pdf
2021-10-23
131
147
10.22034/saps.2021.39920.2493
کینوا
محتوای نسبی آب برگ
نشت الکترولیت
ورمیکمپوست
هدایت روزنهای
سجاد
علیار
aliyarsajad73@gmail.com
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
LEAD_AUTHOR
ناصر
علی اصغرزاد سلمانی
n-aliasghar@tabrizu.ac.ir
2
استاد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
عادل
دباغ محمدی نسب
adeldabb@yahoo.com
3
استاد گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
شاهین
اوستان
oustan@tabrizu.ac.ir
4
استاد شیمی خاک گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
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69
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه(PGPB) و قارچهای میکوریز بر برخی ویژگیهای جوانهزنی بذر و بنیه گیاهچه سه دورگ ذرت
چکیدهاهداف: بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه و قارچهای میکوریز بهصورت تلقیح توأم بذر بر قابلیت جوانهزنی و بنیه بذر و گیاهچه سه دورگساده دیررس پژوهشی آزمایشگاهی به اجرا در آمد. مواد و روشها: آزمایش بهصورت دوفاکتوره با 18 تیمار (3 دورگ ساده × 6 تلقیح بذر) بر پایه طرح آزمایشی بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه مورد بررسی ازوتوباکتر کروکوکوم، آزوسپیریلیوم لیپوفروم، آزوسپیریلیوم برازیلنسوپسودوموناس فلورسنس و قارچهای میکوریز آرباسکولار بررسی شده فانلیفورمیس موسه و سیمیگلوموس هوئی بودند. همچنین دورگهای ساده دیررس ذرت بررسی شدهSC700، SC704 و یک دورگ دیررس امیدبخش جدید B73×K18بودند. اثر تلقیح توأم بذرها با باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه و قارچهای میکوریز بررسی شده بر قابلیت جوانهزنی و بنیه بذر و گیاهچه دورگهای ساده دیررس ذرت مطالعه شده با اندازهگیری قابلیت جوانهزنی، متوسط زمان جوانهزنی، متوسط جوانهزنی روزانه، ضریب سرعت جوانهزنی، سرعت جوانهزنی روزانه، طول گیاهچه، طول ساقهاولیه، طول ریشه اولیه، وزن خشک گیاهچه، وزن خشک ساقهاولیه، وزن خشک ریشهاولیه و شاخص وزنی بنیه گیاهچه ارزیابی شد. یافتهها: نتایج بدست آمده مشخص ساخت که بهجز متوسط جوانهزنی روزانه و ضریب سرعت جوانهزنی سایر ویژگیهای مورد بررسی تحت تأثیر اثرمتقابل دورگها و تلقیح توأم باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه و قارچهای میکوریز قرار گرفتند. همچنین مشخص گردید که کاربرد مایه تلقیح تلفیق سه جنس باکتری و قارچ فانلیفورمیس موسه سبب بیشترین افزایش در قابلیت جوانهزنی بذر و ویژگیهای مرتبط با بنیه گیاهچه هر سه دورگ شده و تلقیح توأم بهترتیب مایه تلقیح دارای دوباکتری ازوتوباکتر کروکوکوم و سودوموناس فلورسنس و باکتری ازوتوباکتر کروکوکوم و قارچ فانلیفورمیس موسه از تأثیر بیشتری برخوردار بودند. همچنین ویژگیهای مورد بررسی بذر دورگSC704 بیش از دورگهای دیگرتحت تأثیر مثبت باکتریها و قارچهای میکوریز مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته و از این لحاظ دورگهای B73×K18و SC700 در مرتبههای بعدی قرار داشتند. بررسی رابطه همبستگی بین ویژگیهای بررسی شده نیز وجود همبستگی بالای بین آنها را نشان داد. نتیجه گیری: بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش کاربرد باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه و قارچهای میکوریز بررسی شده تأثیر قابل ملاحظهای در ارتقای کیفیت بذر و بهبود بنیه گیاهچه دورگهای ساده دیررس ذرت مورد مطالعه داشتند. بنابراین، کاربرد آنها به صورت کودهای زیستس تجاری ازطریق پوشش دهی بذرها برای توسعه کشت ذرت امکانپذیر میباشد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13700_08e321be39f903270ca464fc6e22a83e.pdf
2021-10-23
149
167
10.22034/saps.2021.13700
باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه
بنیه گیاهچه
ذرت
میکوریز
قابلیت جوانه زنی بذر
آیدین
حمیدی
hamidi.aidin@gmail.com
1
سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال-کرج
LEAD_AUTHOR
احمد
اصغرزاده
asgharzadeh_2000@yahoo.com
2
سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، بخش بیولوژی خاک-کرج
AUTHOR
علی
خلوتی
aali.khalvati@boun.edu.tr
3
بخش زیستشناسی، دانشگاه کوئین، تورونتو(کانادا) و محقق مدعو دانشگاه بسفر ترکیه
AUTHOR
سپیده
اکبری والا
akbari@abrii.ac.ir
4
سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، بخش بیوتکنولوژی میکروبی-کرج
AUTHOR
رجب
چوگان
5
سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، بخش تحقیقات ذرت و گیاهان علوفه-ای-کرج
AUTHOR
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3
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4
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48
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه نخود فرنگی (Pisum sativum L.) تحت سطوح مختلف آبیاری
چکیده اهداف: این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تاثیر کاربرد کودهای زیستی در سطوح مختلف آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود فرنگی انجام گردید. مواد و روشها: آزمایش در اراضی روستای گمند از توابع بخش خواجه شهرستان هریس استان آذربایجانشرقی واقع در پانزده کیلومتری شرق تبریز به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی انجام گرفت. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل آبیاری در چهار سطح آبیاری نرمال (تیمار شاهد)، قطع آبیاری در مرحله پر شدن دانهها، قطع آبیاری در مرحلهی گلدهی و عدم آبیاری و کودهای زیستی در هشت سطح (عدم تلقیح بذر(تیمار شاهد)، تلقیح بذر با ازتوباکتر، آزوسپریلیوم، میکوریزا، کاربرد توام ازتوباکتر و آزوسپریلیوم، کاربرد توام ازتوباکترو میکوریزا، کاربرد توام آزوسپریلیوم ومیکوریزا وکاربرد توام ازتوباکتر،آزوسپریلیوم ومیکوریزا ) بود. یافتهها: وزن صد دانه، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، تعداد غلاف در بوته، درصد پروتئین، شاخص برداشت و طول غلاف به طور معنیداری تحت تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف آبیاری و کودهای زیستی قرار گرفتند. تنش خشکی باعث کاهش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گردید. تنش خشکی باعث کاهش ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، تعداد غلاف در بوته ، درصد پروتئین، شاخص برداشت، طول غلاف و افزایش وزن صد دانه گردید کاربردکودهای زیستی به صورت تکی و تلفیقی باعث افزایش وزن صد دانه، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، تعداد غلاف در بوته، درصد پروتئین، شاخص برداشت و طول غلاف گردید. نتیجه گیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که بیشترین میزان عملکرد با کاربرد توام ازتوباکتر، آزوسپریلیوم ومیکوریزا در زمان کشت در شرایط آبیاری کامل حاص ل شد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13701_c822872982f899b87c27abee10d440fc.pdf
2021-10-23
169
180
10.22034/saps.2021.43011.2583
اجزای عملکرد
دتنش خشکی
شاخص برداشت
کود زیستی
نخود فرنگی
مهدی
قاسم بگلو
gasembagloomehdi@yahoo.com
1
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی_اردبیل ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
محمد
صدقی
m_sedghi@uma.ac.ir
2
استاد دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی
AUTHOR
رئوف
سید شریفی
raouf_ssharifi@yahoo.com
3
استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
AUTHOR
سلیم
فرزانه
salimfarzaneh@yahoo.com
4
استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
AUTHOR
Barbara EK, Nora LE and Edith S. 2014. Compartment specific response of antioxidants to drought stress in Arabidopsis. Journal of Plant Science, 227: 133-144.
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Courtney RG and Mullen G. 2008. Soil quality and barley growth as influenced by the land application of two compost types. Journal of Bioresource Technology, 99: 2913-2918.
3
Dadrasan M, Chaichi MR, Pourbabaee AA, Yazdani and Keshavarz-Afshar R. 2016. Deficit irrigation and biological fertilizer influence on yield and trigonelline production of fenugreek. Journal of Industrial Crops and Products, 77: 156-162.
4
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10
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر کودهای دامی بر رشد، عملکرد و اسانس گیاه دارویی مریمگلی (Salvia officinalis L.)
چکیده اهداف: این تحقیق به منظور ارزیابی اثر کودهای دامی بر رشد و نمو اندام گیاه مریمگلی برای حصول عملکرد مطلوب اسانس انجام گردید. مواد و روشها: آزمایش به صورت طرح اسپیلت پلات در زمان و در قالب بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سالهای 1397 و 1398 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کود مرغی (کم، متوسط و زیاد به ترتیب 2222، 3174 و 5555 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، سطوح کود گوسفندی (کم، متوسط و زیاد به ترتیب 3788، 5411 و 9470 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، سطوح کود گاوی (کم، متوسط و زیاد به ترتیب 4310، 6157 و 10775 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، کود شیمیایی و شاهد (بدون کود) بودند که در دو چین مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. صفات اندازهگیری شده شامل رنگیزههای فتوسنتزی، شاخصسطح برگ، وزن خشک اندام هوایی، درصد و عملکرد اسانس بودند. یافتهها: اثرات اصلی کود و چین برداری بر همه صفات (به جز کارتنوئیدها و درصد اسانس) معنیدار شد. اثرات متقابل کود در چین برای کلروفیلها، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و عملکرد اسانس معنیدار بود. در چین اول، بیشترین میزان کلروفیلها در کرتهای دریافتکننده سطح زیاد کود مرغی مشاهده شد. در چین دوم، کرتهای دریافت کننده سطح زیاد کود مرغی دارای بیشترین میزان وزن خشک اندام هوایی بودند (2953 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و این تیمار بدون اختلاف معنیدار با تیمار کود شیمیایی دارای بیشترین عملکرد اسانس بود. نتیجهگیری: کاربرد سطح زیاد کود مرغی میتواند عملکرد ماده خشک و تولید اسانس را معادل تیمار کود شیمیایی تولید نماید. بنابراین با توجه به زراعی مطلوب کود مرغی و اثرات باقیمانده آن در اگرواکوسیستم برای تولید گیاه دارویی مریمگلی توصیه میشود.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13727_0ec942698a41cb059b9fff8770760c46.pdf
2021-10-22
181
196
10.22034/saps.2021.43886.2603
"مریمگلی"
"کود دامی"
"کارایی زراعی"
"رنگدانه فتوسنتزی"
"اسانس"
عسکر
قنبری عدیوی
askarghanbariodivi@gmail.com
1
دانشجوی دکتری زراعت دانشگاه شهرکرد
LEAD_AUTHOR
سینا
فلاح
falah1357@yahoo.com
2
گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد
AUTHOR
مجتبی
کریمی
mkarimi490@gmail.com
3
گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد
AUTHOR
زهرا
لری گوئینی
zahralorigooini@gmail.com
4
دانشیار پژوهشکده علوم پایه سلامت، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر تداخل علفهای هرز بر عملکرد، ارزش غذایی و برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی یونجه (Medicago sativa L.)
چکیدههدف: این پژوهش به منظور بررسی اثر تداخل و عدم تداخل علفهای هرز در تراکمهای مختلف ساقه یونجه بر عملکرد، ارزش غذایی و برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی گیاه علوفهای یونجه انجام گردید. مواد و روشها: آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل و بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو چین، طی سالهای زراعی 1397 الی 1398 به اجرا درآمد. عوامل آزمایش شامل تداخل و عدم تداخل علفهای هرز در دو سطح (وجین دستی علفهای هرز و عدم وجین دستی) و تراکم در چهار سطح (20، 40، 60 و 80 ساقه در متر مربع) بودند. یافتهها: طیف علفهای هرز شناسایی شده در مزرعه شامل گلرنگ وحشی، گلگندم، شاخبرسر، پیچک صحرایی، سس، مرغ، خاکشیر ایرانی، فرفیون، جوپیازدار، جوموشک، گاوچاق کن، ترشک، مریم گلی، خاکشیر تلخ، قیاق، گل قاصد، شنگ و جغجغک بودند. نتایج در هر دوچین در سال سوم یونجه مستقر، نشان داد که وجود علفهای هرز سبب کاهش کمی و کیفی گیاه علوفهای یونجه شد. نتیجهگیری: گیاه یونجه در چین دوم از رشد مطلوب تری نسبت به چین اول برخوردار بود، به طوری که این گیاه بیشترین عملکرد تر و خشک را در چین دوم تولید نمود، لکن عدم تداخل علفهای هرز، سبب افزایش میزان خصوصیات برتر مورفولوژیکی یونجه نظیر عملکرد تر و خشک، ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد برگ در بوته، تعداد گره در ساقه اصلی گیاه، مساحت برگ و درصد پوشش و نیز افزایش ارزش غذایی یونجه از لحاظ عناصر غذایی، پروتئین و فاکتورهایی نظیر ADF، Ash ،CF، NDF گردید.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13702_4b046f8c45883e9f7169b3a855539cf3.pdf
2021-10-23
197
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10.22034/saps.2021.43003.2582
علفهای هرز
تداخل
یونجه
خصوصیات مورفولوژیک
ارزش غذایی
محمد
رئوفی
m.raoofy@gmail.com
1
گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفهای، تهران، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
سمیه
گیتی
somaye.gity@gmail.com
2
عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران و نخبگان جوان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
AUTHOR
AOAC. 1990. Association of official Chemist (15th Edition).
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Kouchaki AR, Zarif Ketabi H and MakhForoush AR. 2006. Weed Management. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publications, second edition, 457 p. (In Persian).
14
Lanini WT, Orloff SB, Vargas RN, Orr JP, Marble VL and Gratta SR. 1991. Oat companion crop seeding rate effect on alfalfa establishment, yiels and weed control. Agronomy Journal, (83): 330-333 pp.
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Lanini WT, Orloff SB, Bendixenm WE, Canevari, WM, Schmiere JL and Ronald NV. 1999. Influence of oat (Avena sativa) interseeding on weed suppression in the final year of an alfalfa (Medicago sativa) stand. Weed Technology, (13): 399-403 pp.
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Liebman M, Mohler CL and Staver CP. 2001. Ecological management of agricultural weeds. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press.
17
MajidiDizaj H, Mazaheri D, Sabahi Q and Mirabzadeh M. 2014. Evaluation of yield and forage quality in alfalfa and mixed cultivation. Journal of Crop Sciences (1): 61-51.p. (In Persian).
18
Meighani F, Mirvakili A, Jahedi A, Baghestani MA. and Shimi P. 2011. Evaluation of the effectiveness of 2,4DB (Butters) in established alfalfa for weed control, Journal of Weed Knowledge, 2 (6) 1389: 67-77 p. (In Persian).
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MohammadDost Chamanabad HR. 2011. Introduction to scientific and practical principles of weed control. University Jihad Publishing Organization 236 p. (In Persian).
20
Nasiri Y, Zehtab Salmasi S, Nasrallahzadeh P, Ghasemi Golazani K, Najafi N and Javanmard E. 2013. Evaluation of the effect of foliar application of ferrous and zinc sulfate on flower yield and nutrient concentration in the aerial part of German chamomile. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 3 (23) 1392: 67-77 p. (In Persian).
21
Myhre CD, Loeppky HA and Stevenson FC. 1998. Mon-37500 for weed control and alfalfa seed production. Weed Technology, (3): 810-815 pp.
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34
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35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
مطالعه برخی صفات مرفوفیزیولوژیکی تودههای بومی سیاهدانه تحت تنش کمآبی در شرایط آب و هوایی زنجان
چکیدهاهداف: این پژوهش بهمنظور بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی ده توده بومی سیاهدانه در شرایط آبو هوایی زنجان انجام گرفت. مواد و روشها: آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در تابستان 1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زنجان انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل، دو سطح تنش 70 درصدی و شاهد (بدون تنش) بهعنوان عامل اصلی و ده توده بومی سیاهدانه شامل تودههای جیرفت، شیراز، همدان، تهران، کرمان، کردستان، هرمزگان، شهرکرد، رشت و اراک بهعنوان عامل فرعی مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. یافتهها: سطوح فراهمی آب اثر معنیداری بر تمامی صفات اندازهگیری شده داشت. تنش خشکی سبب کاهش معنیدار تعداد کپسول و عملکرد دانه گردید. وزن هزار دانه نیز در شرایط عدم تنش و تنش کمآبیاری تفاوت معنیداری نشان نداد. بالاترین درصد روغن در تیمار تنش کمآبیاری در توده شهر کرد بهدست آمد همچنین بیشترین عملکرد دانه، تعدادکپسول، متعلق به توده بومی کردستان بود. نتیجهگیری کلی: بهطور کلی بر اساس نتایج تنش کمآبیاری باعث کاهش عملکرد دانه و درصد روغن شد اما درصد اسانس در تنش کمآبی افزایش یافت با این حال، ثابت شد که این تغییرات به ژنوتیپ بستگی دارد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13716_3350c49adc4388dab3dfe0aff3a4b1ca.pdf
2021-10-23
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10.22034/saps.2021.43976.2610
تنش خشکی
توده بومی
درصد روغن
عملکرد دانه
تعداد کپسول
فرشاد
برخوری مهنی
farshadbarkhori_68@yahoo.com
1
گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
AUTHOR
عزیزاله
خیری
kheiry@znu.ac.ir
2
گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
LEAD_AUTHOR
علی
سلیمانی
asoleimani@znu.ac.ir
3
دانشیار گروه باغبانی ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
AUTHOR
محسن
ثانی خانی
sani@znu.ac.ir
4
گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
AUTHOR
مسعود
ارغوانی
arghavani@znu.ac.ir
5
گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر روش های مختلف پیش تیمار بذر بر خصوصیات زراعی کتان روغنی در شرایط تنش خشکی پس از گلدهی در منطقه کرمانشاه
چکیدهاهداف: این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر روشهای پیشتیمار بذر بر صفات زراعی کتان روغنی در شرایط تنش خشکی بعد از گلدهی طی سال زراعی 95-1394 در دانشگاه رازی اجرا شد. مواد و روشها: این بررسی به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل: 1) رقم در دو سطح(هندی و مجاری و 2) پرایم بذر در هشت سطح شامل پنج سویه باکتری(Bacillus pumilus، Bacillus megaterium، Bacillus sp.، Bacillus amyloliquefaciens، Pseudomonas geniculate) و پیشتیمار بذر با آب مقطر، نیترات پتاسیم و تیمار شاهد و 3) قطع آبیاری بعد از گلدهی و شاهد (آبیاری منظم تا زمان رسیدگی) انجام شد. یافتهها: بر اساس نتایج، در شرایط عدم تنش خشکی عملکرد دانه رقم هندی و مجاری به ترتیب با 1536 و 1497 کیلوگرم در هکتار تفاوت معنیدار نداشتند، ولی عملکرد زیستتوده رقم مجاری (6129 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به طور معنیداری از رقم هندی (4574 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بالاتر بود. تنش خشکی سبب کاهش معنیدار عملکرد دانه و زیستتوده، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد کپسول در بوته هر دو رقم مورد بررسی شد. روشهای پیشتیمار بذر سبب افزایش معنیدار عملکرد دانه و اجزاء آن در شرایط تنش خشکی پس از گلدهی و شرایط شاهد شدند. پیش تیمار بذر با باکتریهای Bacillus megaterium و Bacillus amyloliquefaciens نتایج بهتری در این ارتباط داشتند. نتیجهگیری: به نظر میرسد استفاده از سویههای مناسب و بومی باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه جهت تلقیح بذر از راهکارهای مناسب جهت افزایش تولید گیاهان زراعی در شرایط معمول و تنش کمآبی باشد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13703_5a94c0fb6eef7e39a5d42eb2cdd20da9.pdf
2021-10-23
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10.22034/saps.2021.39483.2479
باکتری محرک رشد گیاه
تعداد دانه در بوته
نیترات پتاسیم
وزن هزار دانه
هیدروپرایم
محسن
سعیدی
msaeidi@razi.ac.ir
1
دانشگاه رازی
LEAD_AUTHOR
بهاره
ناصریه
t.naseriyeh@yahoo.com
2
دانشگاه رازی
AUTHOR
محمود
خرمی وفا
khoramivafa@razi.ac.ir
3
دانشگاه رازی
AUTHOR
روح الله
شریفی
r.sharifi@razi.ac.ir
4
استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی
AUTHOR
شهاب
خوشخوی
khoshkhooi.sh@gmail.com
5
پارک علم و فناوری کرمانشاه
AUTHOR
Abbasdokht H, Ghorbani H and Rostami M. 2013. The effect of different phosphorus levels during seed osmo-hydrothermal priming on corn yield. Journal of Crop Production, 7 (2):1-22. (In Persian).
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Ghooshchi F, Seilsepour M and Jafari P. 2008. Effects of water stress on yield and some agronomic traits of maize [SC301]. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 4(3): 302-305. (In Persian).
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Kasmaei Mirmiran M, Daneshian J, Shirani Rad AH and Valadi AR. 2013. Evaluation of vegetative growth response of flaxseed to Pseudomonas and Azospilium under water stress. Second National Congress of Organic and Conventional Agriculture. Takestan Azad University. (In Persian).
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Kazemi Poshtmasari H, Pirdashti H, Bamanyar MA and Nasiri M. 2009. Investigating nitrogen remobilization in different rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in different nitrogen fertilizer rates and top dressed. Iranian Journal of Crop Production, 1(3):1-16. (In Persian).
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21
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22
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23
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28
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42
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43
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر محلولپاشی اسید هیومیک و سطوح مختلف کمپوست قارچ خوراکی (SMC) بر صفات مورفولوژیک و عملکرد کرچک (Ricinus communis L.)
چکیده
اهداف: در سالهای اخیر، تولید سالم و پایدار محصولات کشاورزی بهویژه گیاهان دارویی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر محلولپاشی اسید هیومیک و سطوح مختلف کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ خوراکی در رشد و عملکرد گیاه دارویی کرچک (Ricinus communis L.) انجام گرفت.
مواد و روشها: این آزمایش در سال زراعی 95-1394 در مزرعهی تحقیقاتی مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایهی بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. دو سطح کاربرد و عدمکاربرد اسید هیومیک و کاربرد شش سطح مختلف کمپوست قارچ خوراکی مصرف شده (0، 20، 40، 60، 80 و 100 تن در هکتار) مدنظر قرار گرفتند.
یافتهها: نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که اثر کلیه سطوح کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ خوراکی بر عملکرد دانه در شرایط محلولپاشی اسید هیومیک تشدید شد و مقدار عملکرد دانه در شرایط کاربرد همزمان اسید هیومیک و هر یک از سطوح 20، 40، 60، 80 و 100 تن در هکتار کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ خوراکی بهترتیب 40، 46، 37، 19 و 17 درصد بیشتر از کاربرد جداگانه این کودها بود. بیشترین و کمترین ارتفاع پایینترین و بالاترین خوشه از سطح زمین بهترتیب در تیمار کاربرد همزمان اسید هیومیک و 80 تن در هکتار کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ خوراکی و تیمار بدون اسید هیومیک و بدون کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ خوراکی بدست آمد.
نتیجهگیری: بهطور کلی با توجه به یافتههای این پژوهش، بهنظر میرسد استفاده از نهادههای اکولوژیک همچون اسید هیومیک و مقادیر بهینه کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ خوراکی ضمن بهبود رشد و عملکرد کرچک، میتواند بهعنوان راهکاری بومسازگار جهت توسعه کشاورزی پایدار مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13729_ef686a2ae018bbf01c60e067f13733b6.pdf
2021-10-22
249
270
10.22034/saps.2021.39424.2477
راهکار بومسازگار
سلامت بومنظام
کشاورزی پایدار
مخاطره زیستی
نهاده اکولوژیک
محمد بهزاد
امیری
m.b2.amiri@gmail.com
1
گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد
LEAD_AUTHOR
یاسر
اسماعیلیان
y.esmaeilian@gonabad.ac.ir
2
گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر کودهای آلی، شیمیایی و زیستی بر عملکرد و کارایی مصرف نیتروژن و فسفر در خرفه (Portulaca oleracea L.)
چکیدهاهداف: مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی اثر کودهای آلی، زیستی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه خرفه انجام گردید. مواد و روشها: آزمایش در سالهای زراعی 94-1393 و 95-1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بیرجند بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش بر اساس ترکیبی از چهار منبع تأمینکننده نیتروژن شامل کود گاوی، ورمیکمپوست، کود شیمیایی (NPK) و شاهد (بدون اعمال هیچگونه کودی) و نیز چهار نوع کود زیستی شامل نیتروکسین (شامل ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم)، میکوریزا Glomus intraradices))، بیوسولفور (شامل تیوباسیلوس همراه با گوگرد) و شاهد (بدون هیچگونه کودی) بودند. صفات مورد مطالعه در این آزمایش شامل عملکرد زیستتوده، عملکرد دانه، درصد نیتروژن و فسفر زیستتوده، مقدار نیتروژن و فسفر زیستتوده، کارایی جذب نیتروژن و فسفر، کارایی فیزیولوژیک نیتروژن و فسفر بر اساس دانه، کارایی زراعی نیتروژن و فسفر بر اساس دانه بودند. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که اثر منابع تأمین کننده نیتروژن بر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه (بهجز کارایی فیزیولوژیک نیتروژن دانه) معنادار بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (29/1959 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد زیستتوده (43/9782 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تیمار کود شیمیایی (NPK) حاصل شد که تفاوت آماری معناداری با کود گاوی نداشت. همچنین، بیشترین شاخصهای کارایی نیتروژن از تیمار کود شیمیایی (NPK) بدست آمد. این در حالی بود که در کارایی زراعی نیتروژن دانه تفاوت آماری معناداری بین تیمار کود شیمیایی و گاوی مشاهده نشد. بیشترین درصد فسفر و غلظت فسفر زیستتوده از تیمار کود شیمیایی (NPK) حاصل شد. در حالی که با مصرف کودهای آلی و شیمیایی از میزان کارایی مصرف فسفر کاسته شد. اثر کودهای زیستی بر اکثر صفات مورد مطالعه (بهجز درصد فسفر زیستتوده) معنادار نبود. برهمکنش منابع تأمین نیتروژن و کود زیستی بر اغلب صفات مورد مطالعه (بهجز عملکرد دانه، کارایی زراعی نیتروژن و فسفر دانه) معنادار بود.نتیجه گیری: بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش، با در نظر گرفتن اثرات زیستمحیطی و افزایش کارایی مصرف نیتروژن جهت تولید پایدار دانه خرفه در منطقه بیرجند میتوان از تیمار کود گاوی بهعنوان جایگزین کود شیمیایی NPK استفاده نمود.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13707_a601e6d0dfb45e879ee98b3cd03a6670.pdf
2021-10-23
271
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10.22034/saps.2021.40293.2504
"بیوسولفور"
"کود گاوی"
"میکوریزا"
"نیتروکسین"
"ورمیکمپوست"
حامد
جوادی
h_javadi@pnu.ac.ir
1
علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور
AUTHOR
پرویز
رضوانی مقدم
rezvani@um.ac.ir
2
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
محمد حسن
راشد محصل
mhrashed@um.ac.ir
3
گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
AUTHOR
محمد جواد
ثقه الاسلامی
mjseghat@yahoo.com
4
دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تحلیل اقتصادی و ارزیابی پایداری تولید سیب زمینی بر اساس انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای (مطالعه موردی: استان گلستان)
چکیدهاهداف: این تحقیق با هدف ارزیابی و مقایسه پایداری محیطی و اقتصادی نظامهای زراعی پاییزه و بهاره سیبزمینی (Solanum tuberosum L.) انجام شد. مواد و روشها: مطالعه، در استان گلستان در سال زراعی 97-1396 و به وسیله پرسشنامه انجام شد. 120 مزرعه برای کشت پاییزه و برای کشت بهاره، 60 مزرعه انتخاب شدند. پس از تعیین مهمترین ورودیها و خروجی مزارع، شاخصهای مربوط به اثر گلخانهای و شاخصهای اقتصادی در دو نظام زراعی، محاسبه و ارزیابی شدند. یافتهها: پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی و کارایی کربن به ترتیب 94/3913 کیلوگرم معادل دی اکسید کربن در هکتار و 46/13 در نظام زراعی پاییزه و 15/1857 کیلوگرم معادل دی اکسید کربن در هکتار و 32/17 در نظام زراعی بهاره بدست آمد. در نظامهای زراعی پاییزه و بهاره به ترتیب، شاخصهای ارزش ناخالص تولید 1896 و 1158 دلار در هکتار، درآمد ناخالص 21/518 و 34/18 دلار در هکتار، درآمد خالص 95/58 و 83/287- دلار در هکتار، نسبت سود به هزینه 03/1 و 8/0 و بهرهوری 20/17 و 35/13 کیلوگرم بر دلار تعیین گردید. نتیجهگیری: پایداری محیطی نظام زراعی سیبزمینی بهاره بیشتر از پاییزه و پایداری اقتصادی نظام زراعی سیبزمینی پاییزه بسیار بیشتر از بهاره بود. ادامه تولید پاییزه سیبزمینی، به شرط بهبود مدیریت مصرف ورودیها، توصیه میشود. در خصوص نظام زراعی بهاره، جایگزین کردن تولید سیبزمینی با محصولات رایج در منطقه، مانند باقلا و کدو، به دلیل پتانسیل تولید مناسب و قیمت فروش بالاتر در شریط منطقه، توصیه میشود.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13708_7446f64a928f42c2bd14fef5477079a9.pdf
2021-10-23
295
311
10.22034/saps.2021.39789.2488
ارزش ناخالص تولید
بهره وری
پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی
درآمد خالص
کارایی کربن
حمید رضا
شاه حسینی
hamidrezashahhoseini@yahoo.com
1
دانش آموخته دکتری آگرواکولوژی/گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران
AUTHOR
محمود
رمرودی
mramroudi42@uoz.ac.ir
2
دانشگاه زابل - دانشکده کشاورزی - گروه زراعت
LEAD_AUTHOR
حسین
کاظمی
hkazemi@gau.ac.ir
3
دانشیار/گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تحلیل مشکلات کشاورزی ارگانیک از دیدگاه کارشناسان سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان آذربایجانغربی
چکیده اهداف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل مشکلات کشاورزی ارگانیک از دیدگاه کارشناسان ستادی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان آذربایجان غربی انجام گردید. مواد و روشها: این مطالعه از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر نحوه جمعآوری اطلاعات توصیفی _ پیمایشی بود. جامعه آماری 470 نفر از کارشناسان ستادی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان آذربایجان غربی بودند. تعداد نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی مورگان 217 نفر محاسبه شد که با استفاده از نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. به منظور تحلیل دادهها در این تحقیق از تکنیک تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی بر اساس روش تجزیه به مولفههای اصلی بهره گرفته شد. به منظور تعیین مناسب بودن دادههای گردآوری شده در زمینه تحلیل عاملی از ضریب KMO و آماره بارتلت استفاده و مقدار ضریبKMO ، 840/0 بدست آمد که نشان دهنده مناسب بودن همبستگیهای موجود در بین دادهها برای تحلیل عاملی میباشد و برای اطمینان از مناسب بودن دادهها برای تحلیل عاملی از آزمون بارتلت نیز استفاده گردید. مقدار آماره بارتلت 097/2193 بود که در سطح یک درصد معنیدار بود. لذا دادهها برای تحلیل عاملی مناسب بودند. یافتهها: رتبهبندی موانع تولید محصولات ارگانیک از دیدگاه کارشناسان نشان داد که متغیرهای نبود بازاریابی مناسب محصولات ارگانیک، عدم اطمینان از میزان عملکرد محصولات ارگانیک، نیاز به مدیریت و نگهداری بیشترنسبت به کشاورزی متداول، تمرکز شرکتهای گواهیدهنده و مشاورهای در شهرهای بزرگ و عدم دسترسی به آنها در شهرستانها مهمترین موانع بودند نتیجهگیری: نتایج حاصل از تحقیق نشان داد که موانع تولید محصولات ارگانیک از دیدگاه کارشناسان ستادی جهاد کشاورزی استان آذربایجان غربی برحسب تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی در پنج گروه تقسیم بندی شدند که عبارتند از: موانع انگیزشی، مدیریتی، اقتصادی، آموزشی – ترویجی، حمایتی. این عوامل 51/54 درصد از کل واریانس موانع تولید کشت محصولات ارگانیک را تبیین کردند.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13709_9553fddad5620340672a6991e51b0b0f.pdf
2021-10-23
313
327
10.22034/saps.2021.41906.2551
آذربایجان غربی
ارگانیک
تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی
سازمان جهاد کشاورزی
کشاورزی پایدار
سهراب
میرلو
sohrabmirloo@gmail.com
1
گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
حسین
راحلی
raheli@tabrizu.ac.ir
2
دانشیار، گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز.
AUTHOR
فاطمه
کاظمیه
f_kazemiyeh21@yahoo.com
3
عضو هیئت علمی گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی - دانشگاه تبریز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ajoodani Z and Mehdizadeh H. 2010. A studu on basis of feasibility of applying organic farming as perceive by agricultural specialists of Kermanshah province. Agricultural Extension and Education Research, 2(4):65-73. (In Persian).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج رقم طارم هاشمی در دو سامانه فشرده بومشناختی و رایج
چکیدهاهداف: استفاده از کودهای آلی، تراکم کمتر بذر در خزانه و کمآبیاری به عنوان یک ضرورت در ایجاد سامانه فشرده بومشناختی به شمار میآید. این پژوهش نیز به منظور ارزیابی تأثیر برخی از مؤلفههای این سامانه بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج رقم طارم هاشمی انجام گردید. مواد و روش: آزمایش در فصل زراعی 1397 به صورت کرتهای دوبار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اصلی آبیاری در دو سطح غرقاب و کمآبیاری تنظیم شده، عامل فرعی نوع کود در سه سطح شاهد، کود شیمیایی متداول و کود ورمیکمپوست و عامل فرعی فرعی تراکم بذر در خزانه در سه سطح ۳۰۰، ۲۰۰ و ۱۰۰ گرم در مترمربع بود. یافتهها: با توجه به نتایج تجزیه واریانس و معنیداری برهمکنش بین عوامل مورد بررسی، استفاده از تیمار بومشناختی (کود ورمیکمپوست به همراه تراکم ۲۰۰) توانست با بهبود صفاتی مانند تعداد پنجه در مترمربع و پنجه بارور میزان عملکرد شلتوک حدود ۴۰/۴۶۱۳ کیلوگرم در هکتار را داشته باشد که با تیمار کود شیمیایی تفاوت معنیداری نداشت. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد عملکرد زیستی در تیمار بومشناختی (کود ورمیکمپوست به همراه تراکم ۲۰۰) با میانگین 60/12335 کیلوگرم در هکتار از نظر آماری تفاوتی با کود شیمیایی به همراه تراکم ۲۰۰ ندارد. استفاده از رژیم کمآبیاری در مقایسه با آبیاری غرقاب چهار درصد عملکرد شلتوک کمتری داشت. نتیجه گیری: بنابراین، به منظور کاهش مشکلات زیست محیطی ناشی از مصرف بیرویه کود شیمیایی، کاهش تراکم بذر و کاهش مصرف آب استفاده از سامانه فشرده بومشناختی با به کارگیری کود ورمیکمپوست، تراکم بذر ۲۰۰ گرم در خزانه و کمآبیاری تنظیم شده توصیه میشود.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13713_066afdfb2e50d78b6412a35e99051782.pdf
2021-10-23
329
340
10.22034/saps.2021.36888.2376
برنج
بومشناختی
آبیاری
تغذیه
تراکم بذر خزانه
شایان
حسین پور
shayan.hossein.p@ut.ac.ir
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
حسین
مقدم
hmoghadam@ut.ac.ir
2
استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
همت اله
پیردشتی
pirdasht@yahoo.com
3
گروه زراعت، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیستفناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر سطوح مختلف ورمیکمپوست و اوره بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) در شرایط مزرعه در گرگان
چکیده
اهداف: یکی از ارکان اصلی کشاورزی پایدار، استفاده از کودهای آلی در اکوسیستمهای زراعی با هدف حذف یا کاهش کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی است. مطالعه حاضر بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر ورمیکمپوست و اوره بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) رقم اولتان در شرایط مزرعه انجام شد.
مواد و روشها: آزمایش بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی، در سه تکرار در مزرعه آزمایشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل ورمیکمپوست در چهار سطح صفر، 5/2، 5 و 5/7 تن در هکتار و کود اوره در چهار سطح شامل صفر، 50 ، 100 و150 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که ورمیکمپوست و کود اوره تأثیر معناداری بر کلیه صفات اندازهگیری شده داشت. بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه، عملکرد زیستی، تعداد کپسول در بوته و عملکرد دانه (1601 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از کاربرد 150 کیلوگرم اوره و 5/7 تن در هکتار ورمیکمپوست ثبت شد. کاربرد همزمان ورمیکمپوست و کود اوره باعث افزایش عملکرد روغن شد. درصد روغن با افزایش سطح اوره کاهش و با افزایش ورمیکمپوست افزایش یافت. بیشترین درصد روغن(49%) مربوط به تیمار ورمیکمپوست 5/7 تن در هکتار بود. با افزایش سطوح مختلف اوره و ورمیکمپوست، شاخص برداشت افزایش یافت. همبستگی مثبت و معناداری بین عملکرد با زیست توده (**850=r) و تعداد کپسول در بوته (**745/0=r) وجود داشت.
نتیجهگیری: با توجه به نقش کودهای آلی در پایداری و حفظ حاصلخیزی خاک برای دست یابی به حداکثر بهرهوری از منابع تولید استفاده تلفیقی از کود اوره و ورمیکمپوست برای افزایش عملکرد کمی و کیفی کنجد توصیه میگردد.
https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13714_e11548f788233bd9fa82184bb4ed1583.pdf
2021-10-23
341
356
10.22034/saps.2021.41869.2550
ارتفاع گیاه
عملکرد زیستی
عملکرد دانه
عملکرد روغن
ورمی کمپوست
حسین
رضوانی
hosinrezvani@yahoo.com
1
استادیار آموزش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
سید فاضل
فاضلی کاخکی
sf_fazeli@yahoo.com
2
مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران
AUTHOR
رضا
خزاییان
agronomy@chmail.ir
3
کارشناس ارشد زراعت سازمان بسیج مهندسین کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان
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