University of Tabriz Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production 2476-4310 35 2 2025 08 21 Evaluation of Quantity and Quality of Grass Pea (Lathyrus Sativus L.) Forage With Application of Humic Acid and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Under Rainfed and Supplementary Irrigation Conditions Evaluation of Quantity and Quality of Grass Pea (Lathyrus Sativus L.) Forage With Application of Humic Acid and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Under Rainfed and Supplementary Irrigation Conditions 1 22 20211 10.22034/saps.2024.58561.3120 FA Abdollah Javanmard Department of Plant production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, university of maragheh Rahman Entezari MSc student of Agroecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran Mostafa Amani Machiani Assis. Prof., Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran Hamid Hatamimaleki Assoc. Prof., Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran. Journal Article 2023 09 23 <strong>Background and Objectives: </strong>The use of sustainable solutions to improve the nutrients use efficiency as well as supplementary irrigation in the sensitive growth periods of fodder plants in rainfed conditions will lead to improving the quantity and quality of fodder in these conditions. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the seed yield, quantity and quality of grass pea forage with separate and integrative application of arbascular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and humic acid with supplementary irrigation in rainfed conditions.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A field experiment was carried out as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 18 treatments and three replications at the faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran, in 2022 growing seasons. The main factor including without irrigation (rainfed conditions), one and two series of irrigation. Also, the sub-factor was four fertilizer sources including non-application of fertilizer (control), arbascular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), humic acid and AMF+humic acid.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that the highest biological yield (552.39 g m-2), seed yield (123.64 g m^-2) and forage yield (220.88 g m^-2) of grass pea were obtained in two supplementary irrigation with integrative application of AMF+ humic acid. The forage yield of grass pea was enhanced by 16 and 35.7% after one and two supplementary irrigation. Additionally, application of AMF, humic acid and AMF+ humic acid enhanced the forage yield of grasspea by 16.9, 7.6 and 25.6%, respectively, when compared with control (non-application of fertilizer). The maximum content of acid detergent fiber (396.6 g kg^-1 dry matter) and neutral detergent fiber (483.3 g kg^-1 dry matter) was obtained in rainfed conditions without fertilizer application. Moreover, the maximum content of crude protein (22.7%), ash (10.42 g kg^-1 dry matter), water soluble carbohydrate (273.2 g kg^-1 dry matter), total digestible nutrients (652.9 g kg^-1 dry matter), digestible dry matter (671.41 g kg^-1 dry matter), relative feed value (170.1%) and net energy for lactation (1.57 Mcal kg^-1) was achieved in two supplementary irrigation with integrative application of AMF+ humic acid.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Generally, the results of the study showed that implementation of supplementary irrigation following application of AMF+humic acid known as one on the sustainable methods for improving forage quantity and quality of grass pea under rainfed conditions. <strong>Background and Objectives: </strong>The use of sustainable solutions to improve the nutrients use efficiency as well as supplementary irrigation in the sensitive growth periods of fodder plants in rainfed conditions will lead to improving the quantity and quality of fodder in these conditions. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the seed yield, quantity and quality of grass pea forage with separate and integrative application of arbascular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and humic acid with supplementary irrigation in rainfed conditions.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A field experiment was carried out as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 18 treatments and three replications at the faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran, in 2022 growing seasons. The main factor including without irrigation (rainfed conditions), one and two series of irrigation. Also, the sub-factor was four fertilizer sources including non-application of fertilizer (control), arbascular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), humic acid and AMF+humic acid.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that the highest biological yield (552.39 g m-2), seed yield (123.64 g m^-2) and forage yield (220.88 g m^-2) of grass pea were obtained in two supplementary irrigation with integrative application of AMF+ humic acid. The forage yield of grass pea was enhanced by 16 and 35.7% after one and two supplementary irrigation. Additionally, application of AMF, humic acid and AMF+ humic acid enhanced the forage yield of grasspea by 16.9, 7.6 and 25.6%, respectively, when compared with control (non-application of fertilizer). The maximum content of acid detergent fiber (396.6 g kg^-1 dry matter) and neutral detergent fiber (483.3 g kg^-1 dry matter) was obtained in rainfed conditions without fertilizer application. Moreover, the maximum content of crude protein (22.7%), ash (10.42 g kg^-1 dry matter), water soluble carbohydrate (273.2 g kg^-1 dry matter), total digestible nutrients (652.9 g kg^-1 dry matter), digestible dry matter (671.41 g kg^-1 dry matter), relative feed value (170.1%) and net energy for lactation (1.57 Mcal kg^-1) was achieved in two supplementary irrigation with integrative application of AMF+ humic acid.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Generally, the results of the study showed that implementation of supplementary irrigation following application of AMF+humic acid known as one on the sustainable methods for improving forage quantity and quality of grass pea under rainfed conditions. https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_20211_548e1e00c0acfb5bceb3cf948db6cced.pdf