اثرات محلول پاشی عناصر غذایی بر کمیت و کیفیت اسانس مریم‌گلی (Salvia officinalis L.) در سطوح مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیأت علمی دانشگاه مراغه

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آگرواکولوژی،‌ گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 12 تیمار و سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه در سال 1400 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی، سطوح مختلف آبیاری در سه سطح، آبیاری پس از 20 درصد حداکثر تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی به عنوان شاهد، آبیاری پس از 40 درصد حداکثر تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی به عنوان تنش خفیف و آبیاری پس از 60 درصد حداکثر تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی به عنوان تنش شدید و فاکتور فرعی منابع مختلف کودی شامل عدم محلول‌پاشی، کاربرد کودهای ماکرومیکس‌گلد، اکوکوئل میکرومیکس و ویتالیم فورت به صورت محلول پاشی بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین و کمترین وزن خشک کل در شرایط نرمال آبیاری با کاربرد کود ماکرومیکس گلد و تنش شدید بدون مصرف کود حاصل شد. با افزایش تنش خشکی از میزان وزن خشک کل کاسته شد. به طوری که میزان این صفت در تنش‌های خفیف و شدید به ترتیب 1/10 و 8/27 درصد نسبت به شرایط نرمال کاهش یافت. همچنین، میزان صفت ذکر شده با کاربرد کودهای ماکرومیکس گلد، ویتالیم فورت و اکوکوئل مکس به ترتیب 1/25، 7/24 و 4/16 درصد نسبت به عدم مصرف کود افزایش یافت. علاوه بر این، بیشترین درصد اسانس و عملکرد اسانس مریم‌گلی در تنش خفیف با کاربرد کود ماکرومیکس گلد بدست آمد. بر اساس آنالیز ترکیبات اسانس، بیشترین میزان سیس توجن ، کامفور و سینئول در تنش خفیف با کاربرد کود ماکرومیکس گلد بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of nutrient foliar application on the quantity and quality of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) essential oil in different irrigation levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • abdollah javanmard 1
  • Somayyeh mohseni 2
  • Mostafa Amani Machiani 3
  • Reyhaneh Habibi Machiani 4
2 MSc student of Agrotechnology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
3 Assis. Prof., Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
4 Bachelor student of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
چکیده [English]

A field experiment was carried out as split plot based on the randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with 12 treatments and three replications at the faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh during 2021 growing season. The main factor was three irrigation levels included irrigation after 20% maximum allowable depletion (I20) as control, 40% maximum allowable depletion (I50) as moderate stress and 60% maximum allowable depletion (I80) as severe stress. The sub-factor was foliar application of macro mix gold, ecoquel micromix, vitalem forte and non-application of fertilizer (control).
The results demonstrated that the highest (255.4 g/m2) and lowest dry matter yield of sage (190.5 g/m2) was achieved in normal irrigation condition with application of macro mix gold and sever water stress without fertilization. The dry matter yield decreased by 10.1 and 27.8% in moderate and severe drought stress conditions. Also, application of macro mix gold, ecoquel micromix and vitalem forte enhanced the mentioned trait by 25.1, 24.7 and 16.4% in comparison with no fertilization (control), respectively. The highest essential oil content (1.47%) and yield (3.19 g/m2) was observerd in moderate water stress fertilized with macro mix gold. In addition, the maximum content of cis-thujone (40.50%), camphor (17.08%) and 1,8-Cineole (9.98%) was achieved in moderate water stress fertilized with macro mix gold. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the foliar application of macro mix gold could be recommended for improving essential quantity and quality of sage in drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oil content
  • Macro mix gold
  • Medicinal and aromatic plants
  • Thujone
  • Water deficit

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 33، شماره 3
مهر 1402
صفحه 231-250

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