اثر ورمی کمپوست و اندازه بذر روی اجزای محصول و محصول دانه لوبیا چشم بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه اکوفیزیولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: با افزایش جمعیت جهان و نیازهای غذایی این جمعیت رو به رشد، باید کمیت و کیفیت تولیدات کشاورزی به ویژه حبوبات برای تأمین بخش قابل توجه پروتئین مورد نیاز این جمعیت افزایش یابد.
 
مواد و روش­ها: برای بررسی اثر ورمی­ کمپوست و اندازه بذر روی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه لوبیا چشم بلبلی در سال 1397 آزمایشی به صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز طراحی و اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل چهار سطح تیمار کودی (0، 2، 4 و 6 تن در هکتار) ورمی کمپوست در کرت­های بزرگ به عنوان عامل اصلی و اندازه بذر در سه سطح (ریز، مخلوط و درشت) در کرت­های کوچک و به عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. در طی این آزمایش صفاتی مانند درصد سبز شدن گیاهچه­ها، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی، تعداد نیام در بوته، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت اندازه­گیری شدند.
 
یافته­ها: اغلب صفات مورفولوژیکی مانند ارتفاع بوته و تعداد شاخه­های فرعی تحت تأثیر اثر متقابل اندازه بذر و ورمی­کمپوست قرار گرفت. بالاترین عمکلرد دانه از بذرهای مخلوط و درشت با کاربرد 4 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست حاصل شد.  
 
نتیجه­گیری: کاربرد 4 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست و کاشت بذرهای درشت جهت بهبود عملکرد لوبیا چشم بلبلی با توجه به شرایط آب و هوایی در منطقه توصیه می­شود.
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کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of vermicompost and seed size on yield component and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Safar Nasrollahzadeh 1
  • Shahin Rasuli Shakur 2
  • roghiyeh farzi-aminabad 3
1 Prof., Dept. of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
2 Master of Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Iran.
3 Department of Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: With the increasing population of the world and the food needs of this population, the quantity and quality of agricultural products, especially legumes, must be increased to provide a significant part of the protein needed by this population.
 
Materials & Methods: In order to evaluate the effects of vermicompost and seed size on yield and bean seed quality, in 2018 an experiment was performed as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. vermicompost treatments as the main factor in four levels including 0, 2, 4 and 6 tons per hectare, were assigned to main plots and seed size in three levels: large, mixed and small (100 seeds weight of 18.08, 15.29 and 14.91 g, respectively) were allocated to the sub plots. During this experiment, traits such as seedling germination percentage, plant height, number of lateral branches, number of pods per plant, thousand-seed weight, grain yield, and harvest index were measured.
 Results: Most of the morphological traits such as plant height and number of branches were affected by interaction of seed size and vermicompost. The highest grain yield was obtained from mixed and large seeds with the application of 4 tons per hectare of vermicompost.
 Conclusion: The use of 4 tons per hectare of vermicompost and choosing large seeds for planting, is recommended to improve the yield of cowpea according to the weather conditions in the region.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cow pea
  • Harvest Index
  • Grain Yield
  • Seed Size
  • Vermicompost

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 36، شماره 2
1405
صفحه 61-73

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