Evaluation of Bitter Vetch Lines Under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

In order to determine the most promising lines of bitter vetch regarding drought tolerance in rainfed areas, an experiment was conducted with 16 lines, under irrigated and rainfed conditions at Dryland Agriculture Research Institute, Maragheh. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used for each experiment. Analysis of variance for both rainfed and irrigated conditions showed that there were significant differences between lines for all studied traits. Combined analysis of variance indicated significant differences between two environments for all traits except plant height. Genotype × environment interaction was significant for all traits, except for plant height, pod number per plant and seed number per pod. Comparing means under irrigated and rainfed conditions showed that Sel 2518 had the lowest number of days to flowering and Sel 2515 and Sel 2516 had shorter period of grain filling. Local bitter vetch possessed the highest plant height, biomass, number of pods per plant and seed yield. Biomass, number of pods per plant and plant height had highest correlations with seed yield in both conditions. According to three drought tolerance indices (STI, GMO and MP), the local landrace was recognized as the most drought tolerant line with ability to produce highest yield in both rainfed and irrigated environments. This landrace was separated from other lines in the cluster analysis. In some cases, lines Sel 2644 and Sel 2647, originated from Bulgaria, were grouped with the local landrace. The results indicate that the local landrace was more productive than other lines under study and therefore, it is possible to identify suitable varieties for cultivation by evaluating different landraces of bitter vetch

Keywords

References

بی­نام، 1382. آمارنامه کشاورزی. دفتر تحقیقات و برنامه ریزی وزارت جهاد کشاورزی.
بی­نام، 1384. نتایج آمارهواشناسی ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم مراغه. موسسه تحقیقات دیم کشور.
علیزاده خ، 1383. توسعه گیاهان علوفه ای در دیمزارهای کشور. انتشارات معاونت زراعت وزارت جهاد کشاورزی.
فخرواعظی ع ر، 1383. ارزیابی خصوصیات زراعی ارقام بین المللی سه گونه ماشک (Vicia narbonencis، Vicia ervilia و Vicia sativa) در شرایط دیم. مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور.
فخرواعظی ع ر، 1384. بررسی ژرم پلاسم بین المللی انواع خلّر به منظور انتخاب لاین های مناسب در شرایط دیم. مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور.
فرایدی ی، 1383. ارزیابی مقاومت‌به‌تنش‌خشکی در ژنوتیپ‌های نخودکابلی. مجله کشاورزی. جلد 6، شماره 2، صفحه‌های 27 تا 38.
فرایدی ی، 1384. بررسی خصوصیات زراعی و مقایسه عملکرد دانه ارقام نخود سفید در کشت بهاره در شرایط دیم. مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور.
محمدی غ، 1378. تأثیر محدودیت آب برروی برخی از شاخص های فیزیولوژیک و زراعی در چند رقم نخود. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز.
نیاری‌خمسی ن، 1381. بررسی اثر سطوح رطوبتی متفاوت خاک برروی صفات فیزیولوژیکی و زراعی عدس (Lens culinaris‌Medik). پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز.
نیستانی ا، 1377. ارزیابی ارقام عدس از نظر مقاومت به خشکی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد اردبیل.
Abd El Moneim AM, 1993.  Agronomic potential of three vetches (Vicia spp.) under rainfed conditions. J Agron and Crop Sci 170: 113-120.
Anonymous, 2004. Vicia ervilia. Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research. IPK (Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzen for schung).http://eocrop.fao.org/gppis.exe$EC Show?Host=17507.
Auld DL, Bettis BL, Crock JE and Kephart KD, 1980. Planting date and temperature effects on germination, emergence and seed yield of chickpea. Agron 80: 909- 914.
Bohnert HJ and Bressan RA, 2001. Abiotic stresses, plant reaction and new approaches towards understanding stress tolerance. Crop Sci 6: 81-100.
Davis PH and Plitwan U, 1990. Vicia. In: Davis PH (Ed). Flora of Turkey. Vol III. pp. 274-325. Edinburgh University Press.
Egan J and Richardson T, 2002. New pulse and grain legume variety evaluation. South Australian Research and Development Institute.
Fernadez GCJ, 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. Pp. 257-270. Proceeding of the International Symposium on Adaptation of Vegetables and Other Food Crops in Temperature and Water Stress, Taiwan. 
Fischer RA and Muurer R, 1978. Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. I. Grain yield response. Aust. J Agric 29 : 897-912.
Fox PN and Rosielle AA, 1982. Reducing the influence of environmental main effects on pattern analysis of plant breeding environments. Euphytica 31: 645- 656.
Hernando BJE and Leon J, 1994. Grain legumes for animal feed. Plant Production and Protection. Series No. 26. FAO, Rome, Italy, 273-288.
Lin CS and Binns MR, 1988. A superiority measure of cultivar performance for cultivar x location data. Can J Plant Sci. 68: 193-198.
Melero B, Mozes P, Delos M, Lopez B and Castillo G, 2003. Rotation in drought in Castilla-Lamancha vetch as an alternative. Agricultura Revista Agropauania 72: 598- 603. 
Pannu RK and Singh DP, 1993. Effect of irrigation on water use, water-use efficiency, growth and yield of mungbean. Field Crops Res 31: 87- 100.
Rechinger KH, 1979. Flora Iranica. Vol 140 - Papilionaceae 1. Vicia and Faba. Pp. 16-57. Akademische Druck- U. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria.
Rosielle AA and Hamblin J, 1981. Theoretical aspects of selection for yield in stress and non-stress environments. Crop Sci 21: 943-946.
Saxena MC, Abd El Moneim AM and Ratinam M, 1992. Vetches (Vicia spp.) and chicklings (Lathyrus spp.) in the farming systems in West Asia and North Africa and improvement of these crops at ICARDA. Potential for Vicia and Lathyrus species as new grain and fodder legumes for southern Australia. In CLIMA, Proceedings of the Vicia/Lathyrus Workshop, Oct 22-23 Perth, Western Australia. Perth, Western Australia Cooperative Research Center for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture (CLIMA), Occasional Publication No.1: 1-7.
Silim SN, Hebblethwaite PD and Heath MC, 1985. Comparison of the effects of autumn and spring sowing date on growth and yield of comnining peas. J Agric Sci Camb 104 : 35-46.
Silim SN and Saxena M, 1992. Comparative performance of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plant types. I. Yield, yield components and nitrogen fixation. J Agric Sci Camb 118 : 325-332.
Walton G, 1990. Morphological influences on the seed yield of field peas. Aust J Agric 42 : 79- 94.
Yau SK, Bounejmate M, Rayan J, Baalbaki R, Nassar A and Muacaroum R, 2003. Barley-legumes rotation for semi-arid areas of Lebanon. European Journal of Agronomy 19 (4): 599-610.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics