The Evaluation of Dried Flower and Essential oil Yield and Harvest Index of Matricaria chamomilla L. under Varying Irrigation Regimes and Amounts of Super Absorbent Polymer (A200)

Document Type : Research Paper

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Abstract

      To evaluated the changes in yield and harvest index of Matricaria chamomilla at different irrigation regimes (irrigation after 50, 100, 150 and 200 mm evaporation from pan class A) and amounts of super absorbent polymer (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg/ha), a field experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replication at Urmia University in 2008. Results of ANOVA showed the significant effect of irrigation on the yield of dried flower and essential oil with 4 hours extracting standard, and significant effect of polymer on the yield of essential oil with 2 hours extracting standard as well as the significant effect of interaction between irrigation and polymer on the yield of biomass, harvest index of dried flower, harvest index of essential oil with 2 and 4 hours extracting standards. The highest yield of biomass (1216 kg/ha) was obtained from irrigation after 50 mm evaporation from pan without polymer application and the minimum one (164 kg/ha) obtained from irrigation after 200 mm evaporation and 120 kg/ha of polymer use. The maximum yield of dried flower (117 kg/ha) was obtained from irrigation after 50 mm evaporation, but prolonged interval and sever water stress in irrigation after 150 mm evaporation caused the significant reduction of yield (76 kg/ha). The highest (2.19 kg/ha) and the lowest (1.06 kg/ha) yield of essential oil with 2 hours extracting standard, were occurred at 180 and 60 kg/ha of super absorbent polymer, respectively. However, the maximum (2.06 kg/ha) and minimum (1.35 kg/ha) yield of essential oil with 4 hours extracting standard, belonged to irrigation after 50 and 150 mm evaporation from pan, respectively. The highest harvest index of dried flower and essential oil with 2 and 4 hours extracting standards (39, 0.45 and 0.77 %, respectively) belonged to irrigation after 200 mm evaporation from pan class A and 120 kg/ha of super absorbent treatment. In conclusion, increasing irrigation interval up to irrigation after 100 mm evaporation caused to reduce the yield of anise, in that super absorbent polymer application improved the yield.  

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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
Volume 22, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
November 2010
Pages 85-100

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