Using Agropyron cristatum L. and Festuca arundinacea L. Plants Inoculated by Bacterial Consortium and Mycorrhizal-Like Fungus in Phytoremediation of Oil Contaminated Soils

Document Type : Research Paper

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Abstract

Soil contaminations with crude oil and its derivatives are among the most dangerous types of environmental pollution. One of the many types of bioremediation is a phytoremediation. In the present research, first, contaminated soil was collected from Tabriz refinery and then study was conducted on phytoremediation methods of petroleum hydrocarbons. For this purpose, after isolation of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria from contaminated soil, various phytoremidiation treatments were tested. The treatments included the use of two types of plants; Agropyron and Tall fescue in the both cases of with and without inoculation of five bacterial consortium, Stenotrophomonas sp. COD 1-1, Psedochrobactrum sp. COD 1-4, Arthrobacter sp. COD 2-3, Shewanella sp. COD 2-1 and Stenotrophomonas sp. COD 5-6 and mycorrhizal-like fungus (Piriformospora indica), and combined treatment (including inoculation with bacterial consortium and fungi adding cow manure and Tween 80 as a surfactant), moreover, one combined treatment without culture of plant was added to the test. After the end of the experiment, which prolonged four months, the indicators of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), soil enzymes health indices (dehydrogenase, urease and catalase), soil biological indices (basal respiration and substrate-induced respiration) and plant growth indices (shoot and root dry weight and crown number) were measured. Regarding the results of plant growth and its matching to the rate of degradation of oil hydrocarbons, it was observed that Tall fescue plant, inoculated with mycorrhizal-likefungus, had the ability to decompose oil compounds by 68%, and non-inoculated Tallfescue was able to degrade the 43% of petroleum hydrocarbons. Agropyron inoculated with bacterial consortium had 66% ability of TPH degradation and Agropyron without inoculum was able to degrade the 53% of petroleum hydrocarbons. The activity of dehydrogenase and urease enzymes was high in the first week of the experiment and decreased significantly after 4 months, and in contrast to catalase activity was lower in the first week and increased at the end of the experiment.
 

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References

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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
Volume 29, Issue 2
July 2019
Pages 285-300

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