Evaluation of Foliar Spray of Ferrous Sulfate and Zinc Sulfate on Yield and Nutrients Concentration of Aerial Parts in German Chamomile

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

    In order to study the foliar application of ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate on yield and nutrient concentration of German chamomile, a two-year experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with four replications at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Tabriz in 2008 and 2009. Treatments were foliar application of Iron sulfate and Zinc sulfate separately and combined together at stem elongation, flowering, and both stages with a control. Results of ANOVA showed the significant effect on flower yield and concentration of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, copper, zinc and iron. The highest flower yield (2125 kg/ha) was obtained from foliar application of ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate at both two stages, that it was higher (57.3 percent) than control. The flower yield in the first year was 12.5 percent more than the second year. Foliar treatments with zinc sulfate at both stages of stem elongation and flowering, ferrous sulfate at stem elongation and zinc sulfate at flowering stage have the most concentration of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium respectively. The maximum concentration of iron, zinc and copper, respectively obtained from sprayed treatments with ferrous sulfate at both stages, zinc sulfate at stem elongation and ferrous sulfate at flowering stage that increased 80.1, 52.4 and 32.1 percent compared to the control. Thus, from this study concluded that foliar application of chamomile with ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate can lead to flower yield  improvement, increase of concentrations of nutrients and remove of their deficiency in the plant. 

Keywords

References

امیدبیگی ر، 1387. تولید و فرآوری گیاهان دارویی، جلد سوم. انتشارات آستان قدس رضوی. 397 صفحه.
پهلوان­راد م­ر، کیخا، غ. ع. و ناروئی راد، م.ر. 1387. تأثیر کاربرد روی، آهن و منگنز بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد، غلظت و جذب عناصر غذایی در دانه گندم. مجله پژوهش و سازندگی در زراعت و باغبانی، شماره 79. صفحات 1 تا 13.
دوازده­امامی س و مجنون­حسینی ن، 1387. زراعت و تولید برخی گیاهان دارویی و ادویه­ای. دانشگاه تهران، تهران، 300 صفحه.
محمودی ش و حکیمیان م، 1379. مبانی خاکشناسی (ترجمه). انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 706 صفحه.
معزاردلان م و ثواقبی ­فیروز­آبادی غ، 1381. مدیریت حاصلخیزی خاک برای کشاورزی پایدار (ترجمه). انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 387 صفحه.
ملکوتی م­­ج و تهرانی م­م، 1384. نقش ریزمغذی­ها در افزایش عملکرد و بهبود کیفیت محصولات کشاورزی. عناصر خرد با تأثیر کلان. چاپ سوم، انتشارات دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، 398 صفحه.
ملکوتی م­ج، طباطبایی س­ج و کافی م، 1385. روشهای نوین تأمین به موقع عناصر غذایی در گیاهان. انتشارات سنا. تهران. 388 صفحه.
Alvarez-Fernandez A, Garcıa-Lavina P, Fidalgo C, Abadıa J and Abadıa A, 2004. Foliar fertilization to control iron chlorosis in pear (Pyrus communis L.) trees. Plant and Soil,
262: 5-15.
Attia KK, 2004. Response of two peanut varieties to phosphorus fertilization and foliar application of certain micronutrients under sandy calcareous soil conditions. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 35: 253-267.
Bhupinder S, Senthil KAN, Singh BK and Usha K, 2005. Improving zinc efficiency of cereals under zinc deficiency. Current Science, 88: 35-44.
El-Masri MF, Amberger A, El-Fouly MM and Rezk AI, 2002.  Zn increased flowering and pod setting in faba beans and its interaction with Fe in relation to their contents in different plant parts. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 5: 143-145.
El-Sawi SA and Mohamed MA, 2002. Cumin herb as a new source of essential oils and its response to foliar spray with some micro-elements. Food Chemistry, 77: 75-80.
Erdal I, Kepenek K, Kizilgos I, 2004. Effect of Foliar Iron Applications at different Growth Stages on Iron and Some Nutrient Concentrations in Strawberry Cultivars. Turk J. Agric. For., 28: 421-427.
Fang Y, Wang L, Xin Z, Zhao L, An X and Hu Q, 2008. Effect of foliar application of zinc, selenium, and iron fertilizers on nutrients concentration and yield of rice grain in China. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 56: 2079–2084.
Grejtovsky A, Markusova K and Eliasova A, 2006. The response of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) plants to soil zinc supply. Plant, Soil and Environment, 52: 1–7.
Hornok L, 1992. Cultivation and processins of medicinal plants. Budapest Academic Pub, Hungary, pp. 246 – 254.
Malakouti MJ, 2008. The effect of micronutrients in ensuring efficient use of macronutrients. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Forestry, 32: 215-220.
Mann C and Staba EJ, 1986. The chemistry, pharmacology, and commercial formulations of chamomile. In: L.E.Craker and J.E. Simon (eds.). Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants. Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, and Pharmacology, pp. 235-280.
Marschner H, 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Second edition, Academic Press Limited.Harcourt Brace and Company, Publishers, London, pp. 347-364.
Miller GW, Huang IJ, Welkie GW and Pushmik JC, 1995. Function of iron in plants with special emphasis on chloroplasts and photosynthetic activity In: J. Abadia (ed.). Iron nutrition in soils and Plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordecht, pp.19-28.
Mousa GT, El-Sallami IH and Ali EF, 2003. Response of Nigella sativa L. to foliar application of gibberellic acid, benzyladenine, iron and zinc. Assiut Journal of Agricultural of Science (Egypt), 32: 141-156.
Pandey N, Pathak GC and Sharma CP, 2006. Zinc is critically required for pollen function and fertilization in lentil. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 20: 89–96.
Patil BC, Hosamani RM,  Ajjappalavara PS, Naik BH, Smitha RP and Ukkund KC, 2008. Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on growth and yield components of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21: 428-430.
Pol Shekane Pahlevan MR, Keykha GA, Easteam GR, Akbarimoghaddam H, Kohkan SA and Naroueirad, MR, 2006. The study of effects Zn, Fe and Mn on quality of grain wheat. 18th World Congress of Soil Science, July 9-15, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Ravi S, Channal HT, Hebsur NS, Patil BN and Dharamtti PR, 2008. Effect of sulphur, zinc and iron nutrition on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences,21: 382-385.
Said-Al Ahl HAH and Omer EA, 2009. Effect of spraying with zinc and / or iron on growth and chemical composition of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) harvested at three stages of development. Journal of Medicinal Food Plants, 1: 30-46.
Sashidhara KV, Verma RS and Ram P, 2006. Essential oil composition of Matricaria recutita L. from the lower region of the Himalayas, Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 21: 274–276.
Sial NB, Rajpar I and Solangi S, 2005. Effects of foliar application of zn on growth, yield and fiber characters of two  cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) varieties.Pakistan Journalof Agriculture Agricultural Engineerig and Veterinary Sciences,21, 11-16.
Soleimani R, 2006. The effects of integrated application of micronutrient on wheat in low organic carbon conditions of alkaline soils of western Iran. 18th World Congress of Soil Science, July 9-15, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Walinga I, van Vark W, Houba VJG and Van der Lee JJ, 1989. Plant Analysis Procedures. Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Yassen A,  Abou El-Nour EAA and Shedeed S, 2010. Response of wheat to foliar spray with urea and micronutrients. Journal of American Science, 6: 14-22.
Zehtab-Salmasi S, Heidari F and Alyari H, 2008. Effect of microelements and plant density on biomass and essential oil production of peppermint (Mentha piperment L.). Plant Science Research, 1: 24-28.
 
 
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics