The effects of some Stress Modulators on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity, Compatible Osmolytes and some Physiological Traits of barley under Water Limitation Conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Plant Production Engineering and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil / Iran

2 Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.

3 Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil/Iran

Abstract

Background & Objectives: Water limitation is one of the most important adverse environmental stresses that limit plant growth and development. Drought stress induces generation of reactive oxygen species which affect almost every aspect of physiology and biochemistry of a plant, resulting in a reduction in its yield. Application of some stress modulators (vermicompost, mycorrhiza and foliar spraying of putresin and nano zinc oxide) increases growth, yield and the resistance of plants against various environmental stresses such as water limitation. The aims of this study was to investigate the effects of some stress modulators on compatible osmolytes and some physiological traits of barley under water limitation conditions.
 
Materials and Methods: experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research greenhouse of faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil during 2022. The experimental factors were included irrigation [(full irrigation as control; irrigation withholding at 50% of heading and booting stages as moderate and severe water limitation )equal BBCH 55 and 43, respectively)], application of biofertilizer, organic and organic fertilizer in four levels (no application of fertilizers as control, application of vermicompost, Mycorrhiza, both application vermicompost and Mycorrhiza), foliar application of putrescine and nano zinc oxide in four levels (foliar application with water as a control, foliar application of 0.4 g.L-1 of nano Zn oxide, foliar application 0.8 mM of putrescine, both foliar application of nano Zn oxide and putrescine). Mycorrhiza fungi (mosseae) was purchased from the Zist Fanavar Turan corporation and soils were treated based on the manufacturer’s protocol 10 g per 1 kg soil. Vermicompost was purchased from the Gilda corporation and soils were treated based on the manufacturer’s protocol 50 g per 1 kg soil. Nano zinc oxide was with the average of particle size less than 30 nm and special surface of particle more than 30 m2 g-1. The barley cultivar "Nobahar" was used in the experiment with plant density of 400 seeds m-2.
 
Results: The showed that under irrigation withholding condition at booting stage, application of stress modulators (vermicompost, mycorrhizal, zinc and putrescine) increased the content of chlorophyll a (23.07%), chlorophyll b (29.43%), total chlorophyll (24.91%), carotenoid (23.13%), protein (46.89%t), weight and volume root (8.23 and 5.27% respectively), catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase (17.02, 26.91 and 14.61% respectively), proline and soluble sugars (17.6 and 15.77% respectively) and grain yield (25.18%) compared to the no application of stress modulators in the same  irrigation level.
 
Conclusion: It seems that application of stress modulators (vermicompost, mycorrhizal, zinc and putrescine) can increase grain yield of barley due to improvement of chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes activity, compatible osmolytes and some physiological traits, it can increase the yield of barley grain in conditions of severe water limitation (irrigation interruption during the pregnancy stage) by 25.18% compared to the non-application of these stress modifiers at the same level of irrigation.
 

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Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production
Volume 35, Issue 2
July 2025
Pages 231-247

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