Investigating the effect of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers on some Agronomic Traits and Physiological Indicators of Chenopodium quinoa Willd in the Climatic Conditions of Jajarm city

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Government employee

2 Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bojnord University

3 Department of Agriculture-Ecology Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bojnord University

10.22034/saps.2024.57653.3084

Abstract

Background & Objectives: In addition to polluting water and soil resources and affecting the quality of agricultural products, the use of chemical fertilizers also has environmental consequences; for this reason, by replacing biological fertilizers in the production of agricultural products with the aim of soil fertility, they try to pay attention to the goals of sustainable agriculture. This experiment investigates the effect of using chemical and biological fertilizers on some traits of quinoa plant, with the aim of reducing and eliminating chemical fertilizers in the climatic conditions of Jajarm region.
 
Materials & Methods: This experiment was conducted as a completely randomized block design with three replications on the quinoa plant of Titi Kaka variety in field conditions in 2018. The investigated treatments include the levels of biological fertilizers: A: control (without biological agent), A1: seed inoculation, A2: seed inoculation with and consumption at the time of four leaves and A3: seed inoculation with soil and consumption at the time of four leaves and eight leaves; And there were four levels of chemical fertilizer consumption: B: 100% of the chemical fertilizer recommended by the region, B1: 60% chemical fertilizer recommended by the region, B2: 30% chemical fertilizer recommended by the region, and B3: no chemical fertilizer.
 
Results: The results showed that the treatments with 60% of the recommended chemical fertilizer along with biofertilizers caused a significant increase in the plant height (14.91%), the number of lusters in the main cluster (14.05%) and the harvest index (13.69%) compared to the control. Meanwhile, the highest yield was achieved in the treatment of biological fertilizer with seed + irrigation fertilizer at the four-leaf stage + 60% of the recommended chemical fertilizer (A2B1) with an average of 349.80 g.m-2, which increased the yield by 57.49% compared to the control. Also, the use of chemical and biological fertilizers caused an acceptable increase in growth indicators such as crop growth rate and net absorption rate, which can be caused by the increase in dry matter production and the crop growth period under the influence of the use of these fertilizers.
 
Conclusion: In general, the results of this research showed that the use of biological fertilizers, in addition to reducing the use of chemical fertilizers by 40% in the climatic conditions of Jajarm city, can increase the yield of quinoa plant up to 57.49%. It should be considered as a suitable method for realizing environmental goals and moving towards sustainable agriculture.


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References

 
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Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production
Volume 35, Issue 3
2025
Pages 63-76

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