تاثیر قطع آبیاری در مراحل رشد زایشی و کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست و سیلیکون بر عملکرد ‏کمی و کیفی و دوره پر شدن دانه گلرنگ ‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

3 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, URMIA University, URMIA-IRAN

چکیده

هدف: م هدف این ‏بررسی ارزیابی اثر نانوسیلیکون و ورمی‌کمپوست بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی و روند پر شدن دانه گلرنگ بود‎.‎
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‏ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ‏مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 1399 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی سطوح آبیاری ‏‏(آبیاری‌کامل به‌عنوان شاهد، قطع آبیاری در50% مراحل تکمه‌دهی و گلدهی به‌ترتیب به‌عنوان محدودیت شدید ‏و ملایم آبی بر اساس کد 55 و 65 مقیاس ‏BBCH‏)، محلول‌پاشی نانو سیلیکون (محلول‌پاشی با آب به‌عنوان ‏شاهد، کاربرد 25 و 50 میلی‌گرم درلیتر) و کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست (عدم مصرف به‌عنوان شاهد، کاربرد 4 و ‏‏8 تن در هکتار) را شامل می‌شدند.‏
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد کاربرد توام ورمی‌کمپوست و محلول‌پاشی50 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نانوسیلیکون ‏تحت شرایط آبیاری کامل، شاخص کلروفیل (2/45%)، تعداد طبق در بوته (40%)، دانه در طبق (40%)، وزن ‏هزار دانه (45%)، طول دوره و دوره موثر پر شدن دانه (به‌ترتیب 9/40 و 9/31 درصد) را نسبت به شرایط ‏عدم کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست، نانوسیلیکون و قطع آبیاری در مرحله تکمه‌دهی افزایش داد. همچنین بالاترین ‏سطح از کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست در شرایط آبیاری کامل عملکرد دانه و درصد روغن را (به‌ترتیب 119 و ‏‏2/26 درصد) نسبت به عدم کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست در شرایط قطع آبیاری در مرحله تکمه‌دهی افزایش داد. ‏بر اساس نتایج به نظر می‌رسد کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست و نانوسیلیکون می‌تواند به‌دلیل بهبود اجزای عملکرد ‏و مولفه‌های پر شدن دانه، عملکرد دانه را تحت شرایط محدودیت آبی افزایش دهد.‏

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of irrigation withholding at reproductive stages and vermicompost and nano ‎silicon application on quantitative and qualitative yield and grain filling period of ‎safflower

نویسندگان [English]

  • raouf seyed sharifi 1
  • reza seyed sharifi 2
  • razieh khalilzadeh 3
1 Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili.
2 گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
3 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, URMIA University, URMIA-IRAN
چکیده [English]

the aim of ‎this study was to investigate the effects of silicon and vermicompost on quantitative and ‎qualitative yield and grain filling period of safflower
Materials & Methods: an experiment was conducted as factorial based on RCBD with three replications in research farm of University of Mohaghegh ‎Ardabili during 2020. Factors experiment were included irrigation levels (full irrigation‏ ‏as ‎control, irrigation withholding in 50% of heading bud and flowering stages as severe and ‎moderate water limitation respectively) based on 55 and 65 BBCH code, foliar application ‎nano silicon (foliar application with water as control, application of 25 and 50 mg.L-1 nano ‎silicon) and application of vermicompost (no application of vermicompost as control, ‎application of 4 and 8 ton.ha 1).‎
Results: The results showed that both application of vermicompost and foliar ‎application 50 mg.L-1 nano silicon under full irrigation increased chlorophyll index ‎‎(450.2%), number of head per plant (40%), number of gain per head (40%), 1000 grain ‎weight (45%), grain filling period and effective grain filling period (40.9 and 31.9% ‎respectively) in comparison with no application of vermicompost and nano silicon under ‎irrigation withholding in heading bud stage. Also, the highest vermicompost level under ‎full irrigation increased grain yield and oil percentage (119 and 26.2% respectively) in ‎comparison with no application of vemicompost under irrigation withholding in heading ‎bud stage. Based on the results, it seems that vermicompost and nano silicon application ‎can increase grain yield of safflower under water limitation condition due to improving ‎yield componenets and grain filling components.‎

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio-fertilizers,
  • chlorophyll index,
  • micro element,
  • OIL seeds
  • water limitation‎
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