ارزیابی تاثیر کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و رشد شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

امروزه بکارگیری ریزموجودات مفید خاکزی با عنوان کودهای زیستی به عنوان مطلوب­ترین راه حل برای حفظ نظام حیاتی اراضی کشاورزی مطرح است. باکتری­های آزادکننده پتاسیم، تثبیت­کننده نیتروژن و حل­کننده فسفر باعث می­شوند عناصر بیشتری به صورت قابل جذب در دسترس گیاه قرار گیرد. به منظور بررسی اثر کود زیستی پتابارور2، باکتری سینوریزوبیوم ملیلوتی و کود اوره بر عملکرد و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی گیاه شنبلیله آزمایشی در قالب بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 5 تیمار و 3 تکرار به اجرا درآمد. تیمارها شامل کود زیستی پتابارور2، باکتری (Sinorhizobium meliloti)، تلقیح سینوریزوبیوم+پتابارور2، شاهد مثبت (کوددهی مبتنی بر آنالیز خاک) و شاهد منفی (بدون کوددهی و تلقیح) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که صفات تعداد و سطح برگ و همچنین وزن تر و خشک شاخساره تحت تاثیر تیمار سینوریزوبیوم در سطح احتمال 1% معنی­دار شدند. تمام صفات فیزیولوژیکی اندازه گیری شده  به جز کارتنوئید در سطح احتمال 1 % و 5 % معنی­دار شدند. تلقیح بذر شنبلیله با کود زیستی سینوریزوبیوم و پتابارور2 منجر به افزایش اکثر صفات رویشی و در نتیجه عملکرد شاخساره شد. کاربرد منفرد این کودهای زیستی نتایج بهتری را نسبت به کاربرد تلفیقی آن­ها داشت. به طور کلی کاربرد سینوریزوبیوم ملیلوتی نتیجه بهتر و کارآمدتر را در افزایش عملکرد، صفات کیفی و رشد گیاه شنبلیه نسبت به کود پتابارور2 و تلقیح سینوریزوبیوم و پتابارور2 را داشت.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Effects of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers on Some Physiological and Growth Characteristics of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Menbari 1
  • Saeideh Alizadeh Salteh 2
  • Sahebali Bolandnazar 2
  • Mohammad Reza Sarikhani 3
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, the use of soil-born microorganisms as biological fertilizers is considered to be a natural and most desirable solution to maintain sustainability of agricultural soil system. Potassium releasing bacteria, nitrogen fixing and phosphorus dissolving bacteria make mentioned elements available to plants. In order to evaluate the effects of bio-fertilizers Potabarvar 2, Sinorhizobium meliloti, as well as urea fertilizer on physiological properties and yield of Fenugreek, an experiment as complete randomized block design was conducted with five treatments and three replications. Treatments included biofertilizer Potabarvar 2, S. meliloti, inoculation with a mixture of Sinorhizobium+Potabarvar 2, positive control (based on soil analysis) and negative control (no fertilization and inoculation).The results showed that all morphological traits were significant at 1%. Most physiological traits except for carotenoid were significantly affected by S. meliloti, and a mixture of Sinorhizobium+Potabarvar 2. Seed inoculation with biofertilizer Sinorhizobium meliloti and Potabarvar 2 lead to increase in growth and eventually shoot yield. Separate application of these biofertilizers led to better results than the integrated application. Symbiotic relationship of Sinorhizobium with Fenugreek increased physiological indices data, especially the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as the amount of phenolic antioxidant have been significantly affected. In general, application of S. meliloti resulted in better and more effective increase in yield, quality and plant growth than fertilizer Potabarvar 2 and a mixture of Sinorhizobium+Potabarvar 2.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizer
  • Chlorophyll
  • Leaf Area
  • Potabarvr 2
  • Sinorhizobium
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