ارزیابی نقش گونههای میکوریزا و سطوح فسفر بر صفات مرتبط با برگ و تولید اسانس نعنا فلفلی در شرایط متفاوت آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

        به منظور مطالعه تاثیر سطوح آبیاری شامل آبیاری پس از 70 ، 110 و 150 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک، سطوح کود شیمیایی فسفره شامل کاربرد صفر، 25 و 50 درصد از کود شیمیایی فسفره توصیه شده و قارچ میکوریزی بصورت عدم کاربرد، Glomus mossae، G. intraradices، G. hoci و کاربرد مخلوطی از گونه‌های قارچ­های میکوریزی بر گیاه نعناع فلفلی آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت اسپیلت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تبریز در دو سال زراعی 1395 و 1394 اجرا شد. در این بررسی، کم‌آبی کاهش معنی‌داری در صفات رویشی، فیزیولوژیک و عملکرد اسانس ایجاد نمود. در حالی که کاربرد مخلوطی از سه گونه میکوریز وزن خشک کل را تا 9/36 درصد افزایش داد. در سال اول، مصرف کود فسفره شیمیایی و مخلوط گونه‌های میکوریزی افزایش بیشتری را در وزن خشک کل و عملکرد اسانس باعث گردید. در چین دوم در سال دوم کاربرد 50 درصد مقدار توصیه شده کود شیمیایی فسفره و کاربرد مخلوطی از گونه‌های مورد بررسی باعث افزایشی 18/37 و 19/38 درصدی عملکرد اسانس شد. کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی فسفره و میکوریزی در تیمارهای آبیاری باعث بهبود شاخص کلروفیل و محتوای کلروفیل a و b نعناع فلفلی باعث شد. کاربرد مخلوطی از گونه‌های میکوریز و ضمن کاهش مقدار مصرف کود شیمیایی فسفره به 50 درصد دز توصیه شده می‌تواند باعث بهبود رشد، عملکرد اسانس و برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک گیاه در هر دو شرایط کم‌آبی و آبیاری کامل گردد.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Role of Mycorrhiza Species in Phosphorus Levels on Peppermint Production under Different Water Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayyeh Eslami Fard
  • Mehrdad Yarnia
  • Farhad Farahvash
  • Ebrahim Khalilvand
  • Varahram Rashidi
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of irrigation levels (irrigation after 70, 110 and 150 mm evaporation from pan), phosphate fertilizer levels (control, 25 and 50% recommended phosphorus fertilizer) and mycorrhizal fertilizer (no application, G. mossae, G. intraradices, G. hoci and application of a mixture of mycorrhizal species) on peppermint,anSplit plot experimentlayout based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Azad University of Tabriz during two years of 2017 and 2018. In this study, Dehydration of soil caused a significant reduction in growth, yield and physiological functions, while the application of a mixture of three mycorrhizal species, the total dry weight increased by 36.9%. In the first year, the use of chemical phosphorus fertilizer and mixture of mycorrhizal species increased the total dry weight and essential oil yield.In the second harvest, in the second year, the application of 50% of the recommended dose of phosphorus fertilizer and the application of a mixture of studied species increased the yield of 18.37 and 38.19 percent in essential oil yield. The application of phosphate and mycorrhizal fertilizers in irrigation treatments improved the chlorophyll index and the content of chlorophyll a and b peppermint. Application of a mixture of mycorrhizal species and reducing the amount of phosphorus fertilizer to 50% of the recommended dose can improve the growth, essential oil yield and some physiological characteristics of the plant in both conditions of irrigation and dehydration.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dehydration of Soil
  • Essential Oil Yield
  • Mycorrhiza
  • Peppermint
  • Phosphorus
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