Evaluation of Grain and Essential Oil Yield of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) Using of Penergetic, Chemical Fertilizers and Magnetic Water

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of water (irrigation with ordinary water and magnetic water) and fertilizer treatments on cumin growth and yield by split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications at the Research Farm of Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran, in 2018. Treatments included control without fertilizer, application of nitrogen fertilizer, application of Penergetic fertilizer P, K and application of nitrogen fertilizer with 50% dose with use of Penergetic P, K. Results showed that, the highest grain yield (164 g.m-2) was obtained in nitrogen fertilizer application and application of chemical fertilizer and Penergetic P, K under magnetic irrigation conditions. This treatments increased grain yield in comparison with control (42.6%). Biological yield also showed a similar response to the application of magnetic irrigation and fertilizer treatments. Based on the results of two treatments, application of nitrogen fertilizer alone and nitrogen fertilizer with Penergetic P, K produced a significant increase in essential oil percentage, but the highest essential oil yield was obtained from application of chemical fertilizer (3.13 g.m-2) however, application of Penergetic fertilizer caused a significant increase in the percentage and essential oil yield, although less than the increase caused by nitrogen fertilizer. In general, with respect to economic performance, using Penergetic, the level of nitrogen fertilizer can be reduced without any significant reduction in grain yield. On the other hand, magnetic irrigation has an important role in increasing the effect of application of fertilizers on grain yield.
 
 

Keywords


Abou El-Yazied A, El-Gizawy AM, Khalf SM, El-Satar A and Shalaby OA, 2012. Effect of magnetic field treatments for seeds and irrigation water as well as n, p and k levels on productivity of tomato plants. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 8(4): 2088-2099.
Alikamanoglu S and Sen A, 2011. Stimulation of growth and some biochemical parameters by magnetic field in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) tissue cultures. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10: 10957-10963.
Al-Khazan M., Mohamed BA and Al-Assaf N, 2011. Effects of magnetically treated water on water status, chlorophyll pigments and some elements content of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis L.) at different growth stages. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 5(9): 722-731.
Alzubaidy NA, 2014. Effect of magnetic treatment of seeds and irrigation water at different intensities in the growth and production of maize. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 5:1923-1925.
Amira MS, Qados A and Hozayn M, 2010. Response of growth, yield, yield components, and some chemical constituents of flax for irrigation with magnetized and tap water. World Applied Sciences Journal, 8: 630–634.
Anonymous. 2017. Penergetic. tocrop.com/penergetic/wp- content/uploads/ .../Penergetic_P_Results-Brazil_2017.pdf.
Arlauskienė A., Velykis A, Šlepetienė A and Janušauskaitė D, 2016. Comparison of postharvest practices used for cereal straw decomposition in a clay loam soil, Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science, 66: 523-533.
Arshad MJ, Freed S, Akbar S, Akmal M and Tahira Gul H, 2013. Nitrogen fertilizer application in maize and its impact on the development of chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45(1): 141-147.
Bagayoko M, 2012. Effects of plant density, organic matter and nitrogen rates on rice yields in the system of rice intensification (sri) in the “office du niger” in mali. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 7: 620-628.
Bahraminejad A, Mohammadi-Nejad G, Abdul Kadir M, Rafii Bin Yusop M, 2012. Molecular diversity of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) using RAPD markers. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 6(2):194-199.
Cruz, FAB, 2010. Performance of the Penergetic® Kompost and Pflanzen in cotton crop. Penergetic. 20-24.
El-Said AHM and Goder E, 2014. Antifungal activities of Cuminum cyminum and Pimpinella anisum essential oils. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3(3): 937-944.
Ferrari Putti F, Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho L, Evaldo Klar A, Ferreira da Silva Junior J, Pires Cremasco C and Ludwig R, 2015. Response of lettuce crop to magnetically treated irrigation water and different irrigation depths. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(22): 2300-2308.
Ghafari H and Razmjoo J, 2013. Effect of foliar application of nano-iron oxidase, iron chelate and iron sulphate rates on yield and quality of wheat. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production. 4(11): 2997-3003.
Hassan DF, Mohammed RJ, Akol AM, Abd EH, Kadhim TF, 2016. Effect of magnetization of fresh and salt water for irrigation in some of the physical characteristics of the soil and the growth of wheat. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 5: 20861-20872.
Hirel B, Gouis JL, Ney B and Gallais A, 2007. The challenge of improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants: towards a more central role for genetic variability and quantitative genetics within integrated approaches. Journal of Experimental Botany, 58: 2369–2387.
Hozayn M, Salama AM, El-Monem AA and Hesham AF, 2016. The impact of magnetized water on the anatomical structure, yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown under newly reclaimed sandy soil. RJPBCS, 7: 54-67.
Jankauskienė J and Survilienė E, 2009. Influence of growth regulators on seed germination energy and biometrical parameters of vegetables. Scientific Works of the Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture and Lithuanian University of Agriculture. Sodininkystė Ir Daržininkystė, 28: 69-77.
Khalid, KA, 2018. Evaluation of black cumin oils under various nitrogen treatments. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 9: 873-878.
Mohamed AI and Mohsen Ebead B, 2013. Effect of irrigation with magnetically treated water on faba bean growth and composition. International Journal of Agricultural Policy and Research, 1 (2): 024-040.
Moosavi G, Seghatoleslami M, Ebrahimi A, Fazeli M and Jouyban Z, 2013. The effect of nitrogen rate and plant density on morphological traits and essential oil yield of coriander. Journal of Ornamental and Horticultural Plants, 3 (2): 95-103.
Mostafazadeh-Fard B, Khoshravesh M, Mousavi S and Kiani A, 2011. Effects of magnetized water and irrigation water salinity on soil moisture distribution in trickle irrigation. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 137 (6): 398-402.
Muneeswari M, Periyanayagi G and Ramasubramanian V, 2018. Evaluation of Promotary Effect of Penergetics - K® on Abelmocschus esculentus (L.) Moench. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 18 (1): 23-26.
Nascente AS and Cobucci T, 2014. Phosphate fertilization in the soil and penergetic application in the grain yield of common bean. In Embrapa Arroz e Feijão-Resumo em Anais de Congresso (ALICE). In: World Congress of Soil Science, 20., 2014, Jeju, Korea. Soils embrace life and universe. Jeju: International Union of Soil Sciences.
Parashar MML and Malik CP, 2014. A review on biotechnology, genetic diversity in cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Life Science, 4: 56-61.
Pekarskas J and Sinkevičienė J, 2015. Effect of biopreparations on seed germination and fungal contamination of winter wheat. Biologija, 61: 25–33.
Shokrani F, Pirzad A, Zardoshti MR and Darvishzadeh R, 2012. Effect of irrigation disruption and biological nitrogen on growth and flower yield in Calendula officinalis L. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(21): 4795-4802.
Talaei GH, Gholami S, Kobra Pishva Z and Amini Dehaghi M, 2014. Effects of biological and chemical fertilizers nitrogen on yield quality and quantity in cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.). Journal of Chemical Health Risks, 4(2): 55–64.
Warraich EA, Basra SMA, Ahmad N, Ahmed R and Aftab M, 2002. Effect of nitrogen on grain quality and vigour in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International Journal of Agriculture & Biology. 4:517-520.
Zambrano ÉL., Buitrago LÁ, Durán LA, Sánchez MS and Bonilla CR, 2013. Effect of nitrogen fertilization on essential oil yield and composition in different species and accessions of Lippia. Acta Agronómica, 62 (6): 131-137.