Evaluation of genetic diversity of new tomato cultivars based on morphological and fruit quality traits in climatic conditions of Northwest of Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assist. Prof. Horticulture Department, Maragheh University

2 Horticulture Department, Maragheh University

3 Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran

4 Assistant Prof. in University

Abstract

. Each year new cultivars introduced in Iran and their evaluation is necessary due to the different possible responses in the new conditions.
In order to study the genetic diversity of new tomato cultivars on morphological and fruit quality traits in the climatic conditions of South West Azerbaijan, an experiment was conducted in RCBD.
The results showed that the highest fruit yield was observed in Bellariva hybrid (4.89 kg/plant) and SV 8320 (4.76 kg/plant) cultivars. The lowest number of days to flowering was observed in cultivar of 10857 (45 days). The lowest number of days until first fruit ripening was observed in Oula cultivar (89.67 days). CA 024 hybrid cultivar revealed the highest number of fruits per plant (121.377), the highest percentage of flower to fruit set was recorded in Oula hybrid (75%), and local Miandoab (142.3 g), local Urmia (138 g), Bellariva (137.3 g) and SV 8320 (136 g) had the highest of average weight of fruit. The highest of total soluble solids were observed in hybrid cultivar CA 024 (6.57%), the highest pH was displyed in hybrid cultivars Super stone (4.67) and 10857 (4.67) and the highest acidity was recorded in local cultivar Urmia (0.98%). Also, Pearson’s correlation of traits showed that the most effective traits in increasing yield were fruit weight and number of fruits per plant.
According to the results of this study, Bellariva and SV 8320 hybrid cultivars are the most suitable high-yielding cultivars for cultivation in the ecological conditions in the northwest of Iran.

Keywords

References

Aasmo Finne M, Rognli O and Schjelderup I. 2000. Genetic variation in a Norwegian germplasm collection of white clover (Trifolium repens L.). EupHytica, 112(1): 57-68.
Aguilera J G, Pessoni L A, Rodrigues G B, Elsayed A Y, Da Silva D J and De Barros EG. 2011. Genetic variability by ISSR markers in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon Mill.). Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias, 6(2): 243-252.
Aisya SI, Wahyuni S, Syukur M and Witono J R. 2016. The estimation of combining ability and heterosis effect for yield and yield components in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) at lowland. Ekin Journal of crop breeding and genetics, 2(1): 23-29.
Akinfasoye J, Dotun A, Ogunniyan J and Ajayi E. 2011. PHenotypic relationship among agronomic characters of commercial tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) hybrids. American-Eurasian Journal of Agronomy, 4(1): 17-22.
Ali A, Hussain I, Khan A, Khan J, Rehman M U and Riaz A. 2016. Evaluation of various tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) cultivars for quality, yield and yield components under agro climatic condition of Peshawar. ARPN J. Agric. and Biol. Sci, 11(2): 59-62.
Alvarez A, Van de Wiel C, Smulders M and Vosman B. 2001. Use of microsatellites to evaluate genetic diversity and species relationships in the genus Lycopersicon. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 103(8): 1283-1292.
Ara A, Narayan R, Ahmed N and Khan S. 2009. Genetic variability and selection parameters for yield and quality attributes in tomato. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 66(1): 73-78.
Archak S, Karihaloo J and Jain A. 2002. RAPD markers reveal narrowing genetic base of Indian tomato cultivars. Current Science, 1139-1143.
Asgedom S, Vosman B, Esselink D, and Struik PC. 2011. Diversity between and within farmers’ varieties of tomato from Eritrea. African journal of biotechnology, 10(12): 2193-2200.
Bai Y and Lindhout P. 2007. Domestication and breeding of tomatoes: what have we gained and what can we gain in the future? Annals of botany, 100(5): 1085-1094.
Balcha K, Belew D and Nego J. 2015. Evaluation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties for seed yield and yield components under Jimma condition, South Western Ethiopia. Journal of Agronomy, 14(4): 292.
Benti G, Degefa G, Biri A and Tadesse F. 2017. Performance Evaluation of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Varieties Under Supplemental Irrigation at Erer Valley, Babile District, Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Sciences, 5(1): 1.
Bredemeijer, G, Cooke, R, Ganal, M, Peeters, R, Isaac, P, Noordijk, Y, Wendehake, K. 2002. Construction and testing of a microsatellite database containing more than 500 tomato varieties. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 105(6-7), 1019-1026.
Chen J, Wang H, Shen H, Chai M, Li J, Qi M and Yang W. 2009. Genetic variation in tomato populations from four breeding programs revealed by single nucleotide polymorpHism and simple sequence repeat markers. Scientia Horticulturae, 122(1): 6-16.
Chernet S and Zibelo H. 2014. Evaluation of tomato varieties for fruit yield and yield components in western lowland of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Research, 9: 259-264.
Chernet S, Belew D and Abay F. 2014. Genetic diversity studies for quantitative traits of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) genotypes in Western Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 6(9): 105-113.
Dufera J. 2013. Evaluation of agronomic performance and lycopene variation in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculantum Mill.) genotypes in Mizan, southwestern Ethiopia. World Applied Sciences Journal, 27(11): 1450-1454.
Dwevedi K and Lal GM. 2009. Assessment of genetic diversity of cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1(1): 7-8.
Emami A and Eivazi AR. 2013. Evaluation of genetic variations of tomato genotypes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with multivariate analysis. International Journal of Scientific Research in Environmental Sciences, 1(10): 273.
Evgenidis G, Traka-Mavrona E and Koutsika-Sotiriou M. 2011. Principal component and cluster analysis as a tool in the assessment of tomato hybrids and cultivars. International Journal of Agronomy, 2011.
Ezekiel C, Nwangburuka C, Ajibade O and Odebode A. 2011. Genetic diversity in 14 tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties in Nigerian markets by RAPD-PCR technique. African journal of biotechnology, 10(25): 4961-4967.
Fang F, Zhang X-l, Luo H.-h, Zhou J-j, Gong Y-h, Li W-j and Li L. 2015. An intracellular laccase is responsible for epicatechin-mediated anthocyanin degradation in litchi fruit pericarp. Plant Physiology, 169(4): 2391-2408.
Figàs MR, Prohens J, Raigón MD, Fernández-de-Córdova P, Fita A and Soler S. 2015. Characterization of a collection of local varieties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) using conventional descriptors and the high-throughput phenomics tool Tomato Analyzer. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 62(2): 189-204.
Foolad MR. 2007. Genome mapping and molecular breeding of tomato. Internat. J. Plant Genom. 2007: 1– 52.
Gemechu G E and Beyene TM. 2019. Evaluation of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. mill) Varieties for Yield and Fruit Quality in Ethiopia. A Review. Evaluation, 89.
Goncalves L, Rodrigues R, do Amaral Junior A, Karasawa M and Sudré C. 2009. Heirloom tomato gene bank: assessing genetic divergence based on morpHological, agronomic and molecular data using a Ward-modified location model. Genetics and molecular research, 8(1): 364-374.
Hannan M, Ahmed M, Roy U, Razvy M, Haydar, Rahman M . . . and Islam R. 2007. Heterosis, combining ability and genetics for brix%, days to first fruit ripening and yield in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 2(3-4): 128-131.
He C, Poysa V and Yu K. 2003. Development and characterization of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and their use in determining relationships among Lycopersicon esculentum cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 106: 363-373.
Henareh, M, Dursun, A, and Mandoulakani, BA. 2015. Genetic diversity in tomato landraces collected from Turkey and Iran revealed by morpHological characters. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Hortorum Cultus, 14(2), 87-96.
Hild S, Coulon M, Schroeer A, Andersen I and Zanella A. 2011. Gentle vs. aversive handling of pregnant ewes: I. Maternal cortisol and behavior. PHysiology & behavior, 104(3): 384-391.
Hosseinzadeh, FN., Shahadati, Mz., Kiani, G., Salavati, Mr., Zamani, P., Mahdavi, A., and Alinejad, R. 2015. Investigation of genetic diversity among different oriental tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum l.) varieties using multivariate methods. 7 (15): 126-134. (In Persian)
Huh MK, Youn SJ, and Kang SC. 2011. Identification and genetic diversity of Korean tomato cultivars by RAPD markers. Journal of Life Science, 21(1): 15-21.
Kaushik S, Tomar D and Dixit A. 2011. Genetics of fruit yield and it's contributing characters in tomato (Solanum lycopersicom). Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development, 3(10): 209.
Khan MS, Khan GT, Khan A, Shakoor A and Sultana S. 2014. Synthesis and Characterization of CdS-P (NIPAM-co-MAA) Hybrid Micro gels. Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan, 36(2).
Meng FJ, Xu XY, Huang FL and Li JF. 2010. Analysis of genetic diversity in cultivated and wild tomato varieties in Chinese market by RAPD and SSR. Agricultural Sciences in China, 9(10): 1430-1437.
Mirshamsi K, Farsi M, Shahriari F and Nemati H. 2006. Estimation of heterosis and combining ability for yield components and earliness in seven tomato lines using diallel crossing method. Agricultural Sciences and Technology Journal, 20(3): 1-12. (In Persian)
Mohsenifard E, Farsi M, Nemati H and Malekzade K. 2011. An SSR-based assessment of genetic diversity in 16 tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) lines and it's correlation with heterosis. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 42(2).
Mondini L, Noorani A and Pagnotta M. 2009. Assessing plant genetic diversity by molecular tools. Diversity, 1(1): 19-35.
Osei MK, Bonsu KO, Agyeman A, Choi HS. (2014). Genetic diversity of tomato germplasm in Ghana using morphological characters. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 3(3): 220–231.
Osekita O S and Ademiluyi AT. 2014. Genetic advance, heritability and character association of component of yield in some genotypes of tomato Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) Wettsd. Academia Journal of Biotechnology, 2(1): 6-10.
Parthasarathy V A and Aswath C. 2002. Genetic diversity among tomato genotypes. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 59(2): 162-166.
Reddy BR, Reddy MP, Begum H and Sunil N. 2013. Genetic diversity studies in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 4(4): 53-55.
Sacco A, Ruggieri V, Parisi M, Festa G, Rigano MM, Picarella ME, Mazzucat A and Barone A. 2015. Exploring a Tomato Landraces Collection for Fruit-Related Traits by the Aid of a High Throughput Genomic Platform. PLoS ONE. 10(9): 1-20. 
Saleem MY, Asghar M and Iqbal Q. 2013. Augmented analysis for yield and some yield components in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 45(1): 215-218.
Shokat S, Azhar FM, Iqbal Q, Nabi G, Raza MM and Saleem M. 2013. Heritability studies of fruit related traits in Solanum lycopersicum L. germplasm. Journal of Biology and Life Science, 4(2): 56-62.
Sora S. 2018. Review on Productivity of Released Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum Mill.) Varieties in Different Parts of Ethiopia. Journal of Horticulture Science and Forestry, 1: 102.
Spooner DM, Peralta IE and Knapp S. 2005. Comparison of AFLPs with other markers for pHylogenetic inference in wild tomatoes [Solanum L. section Lycopersicon (Mill.) Wettst.]. Taxon, 54(1): 43-61.
Srivastava K, Kumari K, Singh S and Kumar R. 2013. Association studies for yield and its component traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Plant Archives, 13(1): 105-112.
Tahir NAR and Karim HFH. 2011. Determination of genetic relationship among some varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) in sulaimani by RAPD and ISSR markers. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 147(620): 1-10.
Tam SM, Mhiri C, Vogelaar A, Kerkveld M, Pearce S R and Grandbastien MA. 2005. Comparative analyses of genetic diversities within tomato and pepper collections detected by retrotransposon-based SSAP, AFLP and SSR. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 110(5): 819-831.
Thapa RP, Jha AK, Deka BC, Reddy AK, Verma VK and Yadav RK. 2014. Genetic divergence in tomato grown in subtropical mid-hills of Meghalaya. Indian Journal of Horticulture 71: 123 – 125.
Truong HTH. 2019. Field evaluation of agronomic parameters of promised-introduced tomato cultivars (solanum lycopersicon mill) in winter-spring season 2016–2017 in thua thien hue, vietnam. Hue university journal of science: Agriculture and Rural Development, 128(3b): 27-40.
Wagner C, Friedt W, Marquard RA and Ordon F. 2005. Molecular analyses on the genetic diversity and inheritance of (−)-α-bisabolol and chamazulene content in tetraploid chamomile (Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rausch.). Plant science, 169(5): 917-92.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
Volume 32, Issue 3
June 2022
Pages 251-271

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics