The effect of green fertilizer, vermicompost, and chemical fertilizer on grain yield, oil content, and composition of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 -Ph.D student of Agrotechnology- crop Ecology, Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran.

2 Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran.

3 M.Sc. student of Agroecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran

4 Ph.D. student of Agrotechnology – Crop Ecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 8 treatments and three replications in two successive stages in the Miandoab city, Iran during 2019 and 2020. The results showed all studied traits except harvest index were significantly affected by different fertilizer sources. The highest number of grain per pod, 1000 grain weight, seed, and biological yield of rapeseed were obtained with the application of chemical fertilizer without significant difference with a green manure of 50% P+ 50% B. In addition, the maximum oil content and yield were obtained in green manure of 50% P+ 50% B followed by 75% P+ 25% B. Chemical analysis of the rapeseed oil demonstrated that in all treatments, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid were the main dominant components. So that, the highest (92.43%) and lowest (83.37%) of oleic acid were achieved in 50% P+ 50% B and control treatments, respectively. Also, the highest of (6.07%) linoleic acid was observed in vermicompost treatment. While the highest percentage of palmitic acid (92.43%) has belonged to green manure treatment of 25% P+ 75% B. Generally, the maximum (92.61%) and minimum (88%) of unsaturated fatty acids were achieved in 50% P+ 50% B and 25% P+ 75% B green manure treatments, respectively. Considering that the greatest amount of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were obtained by application of 50% P+ 50% B green manure.

Keywords

References

Abdollahi Hesar, A, Sofalian O, Alizadeh B, Asghari A and Zali H. 2021. Investigation of frost stress tolerance in some promising rapeseed genotypes. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 31(2): 271-288. (In Persian).
Adekiya AO. 2019. Green manures and poultry feather effects on soil characteristics, growth, yield, and mineral contents of tomato. Scientia Horticulturae, 257: 108721.
Ahmadi J, Seyfi MM and Amini M. 2012. Effect of spraying micronutrients Fe, Zn and Ca on grain and oil yield of sesame (Sesamus indicum L.) varieties. Electronic journal of crop production, 5(3): 115-130. (In Persian).
Amede T, Legesse G, Agegnehu G, Gashaw T, Degefu T, Desta G, Mekonnen K, Schulz and Thorne P. 2021. Short term fallow and partitioning effects of green manures on wheat systems in East African highlands. Field Crops Research, 269: 1-16.
Andrews EM, Kassama S, Smith EE, Brown PH and Khalsa SDS. 2021. A Review of potassium-rich crop residues used as organic matter amendments in tree crop agroecosystems. Agriculture, 11(7): 580.
Ashoori N, Abdi M, Golzardi F, Ajali J and Nabi Elkaee M. 2021. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of forage in the sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) intercropping systems. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 31(2): 1-15. (In Persian).
Bai JS, Cao WD, Xiong J, Zeng NH, Gao SJ and Katsuyoshi S. 2015. Integrated application of february orchid (Orychophragmus violaceus) as green manure with chemical fertilizer for improving grain yield and reducing nitrogen losses in spring maize system in northern China. Journal of ntegrative griculture, 14(12): 2490-2499.
Belmeskine H, Ouameur WA, Dilmi N and Aouabed A. 2020. The vermicomposting for agricultural valorization of sludge from Algerian wastewater treatment plant: impact on growth of snap bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. Heliyon, 6(8): e04679.
Chapagain T and Riseman A. 2014. Barley-pea intercropping: Effects on land productivity, carbon and nitrogen transformations. Field Crops Research, 166: 18-25.
Chew SC. 2020. Cold-pressed rapeseed (Brassica napus) oil: Chemistry and functionality. Food Research International, 131: 108997.
Dabighi KH, Fateh E and Ayeneband A. 2017. The effect of different green manure crops and nitrogen sources on weed biomass and some growth characteristics of canola. Journal of Crop Production, 9(4): 137-154. (In Persian).
Ddaryayi F, ghalavand A, chaichi M and sooroosh zade A. 2012. Effects of different fertilizing systems using green manure and zeoponix on quantitative and qualitative yield of sunflower in sequential cropping. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 43(2): 257-268. (In Persian).
Dhakal Y, Meena RS and Kumar S. 2016. Effect of INM on nodulation, yield, quality and available nutrient status in soil after harvest of greengram. Legume Research-An International Journal, 39(4): 590-594.
Fallah M, Hadi H, Amirnia R and Hasanzadeh Gorttapeh A. 2021. Effect of green manure residues and fertilizer sources on agro-physiological characteristics of flax seed in irrigation termination at flowering stage. Journal of Crops Improvement, 23(1): 141-154. (In Persian).
Gao J, Thelen KD, Min DH, Smith S, Hao X and Gehl R. 2010. Effects of manure and fertilizer applications on canola oil content and fatty acid composition. Agronomy Journal, 102(2): 790-797.
Gazave E, Tassone EE, Baseggio M, Cryder M, Byriel K, Oblath E, Lueschow S, Poss D, Hardy C, Wingerson M and Davis JB. 2020. Genome-wide association study identifies acyl-lipid metabolism candidate genes involved in the genetic control of natural variation for seed fatty acid traits in (Brassica napus L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 145: 112080.
Haghaninia M, Javanmard A and Mollaaliabasiyan S. 2021. Investigation of forage yield and nutrients uptake in intercropping of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) affected by symbiosis with glomus intraradices fungus. Journal of Agroecology, 12(4): 663-683. (In Persian).
Hutchings D, Rawsthorne S and Emes MJ. 2005. Fatty acid synthesis and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in developing embryos of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Experimental Botany, 56(412): 577-585.
Hwang HY, Kim GW, Lee YB, Kim PJ and Kim SY. 2015. Improvement of the value of green manure via mixed hairy vetch and barley cultivation in temperate paddy soil. Field Crops Research, 183: 138-146.
Jalilian J and Heydarzadeh S. 2016. Effect of cover crops, organic and chemical fertilizer on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(4): 71-85. (In Persian).
Jalilian S, Mondani F, Fatemi GA and Bagheri A. 2021. Effect of farmyard manure and green manure application on yield and yield components of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under organic conditions. Applied Research in Field Crops, 33(4): 62-86. (In Persian).
Jian H, Zhang A, Ma J, Wang T, Yang B, Shuang LS and Liu, L. 2019. Joint QTL mapping and transcriptome sequencing analysis reveal candidate flowering time genes in Brassica napus L. BMC Genomics, 20: 21.
Lamei Heravani J and Alizadeh Dizaj K. 2014. Grasspea (Latyrus sativus) and common vetch (Vicia sativa) as suitable green manure after wheat in the cold regions of Iran. Applied Field Crops Research, 27(104): 106-112. (In Persian).
Ma D, Yin L, Ju W, Li X, Liu X, Deng X and Wang S. 2021. Meta-analysis of green manure effects on soil properties and crop yield in northern China. Field Crops Research, 266: 108146.
Meena BL, Fagodiya RK, Prajapat K, Dotaniya ML, Kaledhonkar MJ, Sharma PC, Meena RS, Mitran T and Kumar S. 2018. Legume green manuring: an option for soil sustainability. In: Legumes for soil health and sustainable management, Springer. Pp:387-408.
Mohammadi G and Ghobadi ME. 2010. The effects of different autumn-seeded cover crops on subsequent irrigated corn response to nitrogen fertilizer. Agricultural Sciences, 1: 148-153. (In Persian).
Mohammadi G, Kakaien A, Eghbal Ghobadi M and Najaphy A. 2015. effects of rye and common vetch cover crops as pure and mixed on soil physicochemical characteristics. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(2): 47-63.
Premi OP, Kandpal BK, Rathore SS, Shekhawat K and Chauhan JS. 2013. Green manuring, mustard residue recycling and fertilizer application affects productivity and sustainability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Indian semi-arid tropics. Industrial Crops and Products, 41: 423-429.
Rezaei-Chiyaneh E, Amirnia R, Machiani MA, Javanmard A, Maggi F and Morshedloo MR. 2020. Intercropping fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by PGPR inoculation: A strategy for improving yield, essential oil and fatty acid composition. Scientia Horticulturae, 261: 108951. ‏
Rezvani H, fazeli kakhki S and Khazaeian R. 2021. The effect of different levels of vermicompost and urea on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame in field condition in Gorgan. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 31(3): 341-356. (In Persian).
Seyed Sharifi R, Lotfollah F and Kamari H. 2016. Evaluation of effects of Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Psedomunas inoculation and spraying of nitrogen on fertilizer use efficiency and growth of Triticale. Soil Management and Sustainable Production, 5: 115-132. (In Persian).
Shu-tian L, Yu D, Tian-wen G, Ping-liang Z, Ping H and Majumdar K. 2018. Sunflower response to potassium fertilization and nutrient requirement estimation. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 17: 2802–2812.
Tejadaa M, Gonzalezb JL, GarcíaMartínezc AM and Parradoc J. 2007. Effects of different green manures on soil biological properties and maize yield. Bioresource Technology of Americal Journal, 99(11): 4949-4957.
Vasli Dizajeyekan A, Sarikhani MR and Najafi NA. 2020. The Efficiency of enterobacter cloacae inocula on growth properties, oil yield and type fatty acids of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 30(4): 73-93. (In Persian).
Yadav A and Garg V. 2019. Biotransformation of bakery industry sludge into valuable product using vermicomposting. Bioresource Technology, 274: 512-517.
Ye X, Hongen L, Zheng L, Yong W, Yingyuan W, Hongfeng W and Guoshun L. 2014. Effects of green manure continuous application on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 37, 4: 498-508.
Yuvaraj A, Thangaraj R, Ravindran B, Chang SW and Karmegam N. 2020. Centrality of cattle solid wastes in vermicomposting technology-A cleaner resource recovery and biowaste recycling option for agricultural and environmental sustainability. Environmental Pollution, 115688.
Zhou T, Wang L, Yang H, Gao Y, Liu W and Yang W. 2019. Ameliorated light conditions increase the P uptake capability of soybean in a relay-strip intercropping system by altering root morphology and physiology in the areas with low solar radiation. Science of the Total Environment, 688: 1069-1080.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
Volume 32, Issue 3
June 2022
Pages 369-389

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics