Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
PhD student, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3
university of mashhad ferdowsi
4
FUM
5
Associate Professor, Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Herat University, Afghanistan
10.22034/saps.2023.57598.3079
Abstract
Abstract
Background & Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the species and genetic diversity of agricultural ecosystems in Afghanistan.
Materials and Methods: In order to carry out this research, countrywide data set was collected. The required data were extracted through collected questionnaires from 388 counties in 34 provinces. For this purpose, all provinces and at least 10% of the counties located in each province were selected and biodiversity criteria (species richness, diversity and evenness) were evaluated.
Results: It seems that, Takhar, Herat, Badakhshan, and Baghlan provinces had the highest species richness with 21, 20, 19, and 19 species, respectively, and Paktia and Nuristan provinces had the lowest richness with 9 species. The highest value of Shannon's index related to cereals, pulse, vegetables and industrial crops was 1.11, 1.53, 1.33 and 1.30, respectively, the lowest value for these crops was 0.06, 0.09, 0.03 and 0.01 respectively. The highest species evennes index of cereals belongs to Nimroz province (0.86), pulse belongs to Jawzjan and Laghman provinces (0.95), vegetables belonges to Khost and Laghman provinces (0.99), and industrial plants belongs to Kandahar province (0.99). Wheat with 52 varieties (30 improved and 22 local varieties) has the highest number of cultivars among all crops in Afghanistan, and Herat province has more richness with 27 cultivars.
Conclusion: In terms of species richness, according to different climatic conditions, it seems that crops species in provinces of Afghanistan have different richness. In addition, Shannon and Simpson indices are low in most provinces and crops of Afghanistan.
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