Ahmad W R, Hassan F H, Ansar M, Manaf A and Sher A. 2013. Enhancing crop productivity through wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fenugreek intercropping system. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 23 (1): 210-215.
Akbari P, Ghalavand A and Modarres S. 2009. Effects of different nutrition systems and biofertilizers on yield and other growth traits of sunflower. Journal of Agriculture Science and Sustainable Production, 19: 83- 93.
Alizadeh Y, Koocheki A and Nassiri Mahallati M. 2010. Yield, yield components and potential weed control of intercropping bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) with sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 7(2): 541-553. (In Persian)
Amini R, Shamayeli M and Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab A. 2014. Yield and relative advantage of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) intercropping under different patterns with soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) and corn (Zea mays L.) in Tabriz condition. Journal of Agroecology, 6(3): 529-541.
Amini R, Shamayeli M and Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab A. 2013. Assessment of yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.) under two and three strip intercropping systems. International Journal of Biosciences, 3: 65-690.
Aminifar J, Ramroudi M, Galavi M, and Mohsenabadi G. 2017. Advantage of sesame and cowpea intercrops in different fertilizer application systems. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 10(40 (4): 1039-1054.
Arisha H M and Bradisi A. 1999. Effect of mineral fertilizers and organic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of potato under sandy soil conditions. Journal of Agricultural Research, 26: 391-405.
Barea J M, Pozo M J, Azcon R and Azcon-Aguilar C. 2005. Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. Journal of Experimental Botany, 56(417): 1761-1778.
Bhatti I H, Ahmad R I A Z, Jabbar A B D U L, Nazir M S and Mahmood T. 2006. Competitive behaviour of component crops in different sesame-legume intercropping systems. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 8: 165-167.
Cakmakci R, Dönmez M F and Erdoğan Ü. 2007. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on barley seedling growth, nutrient uptake, some soil properties, and bacterial counts. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 31(3): 189-199.f
Carrubba A, La Torre R and Matranga A. 2001. Cultivation trials of some aromatic and medicinal plants in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment. In International Conference on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Possibilities and Limitations of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant, 576: 207-213.
Choubforoush Khoei B, Amini R, Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nasab A and Raei Y. 2020. Effect of Soybean, Moldavian Balm and Proso Millet Intercropping on Growth Characteristics and Yield of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 30(2): 41-58.
Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab A, Amini R and Tamari E. 2015. Evaluation of maize and three cultivars of common bean intercropping with application of biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25: 99-113.
Dastmalchi K, Dorman H D, Laakso I and Hiltunen R. 2007. Chemical composition and antioxidative activity of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) extracts. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 40(9): 1655-1663.
Den Hollander N G, Bastiaans L and Kropff M J. 2007. Clover as a cover crop for weed suppression in an intercropping design: II. Competitive ability of several clover species. European journal of Agronomy, 26(2): 104-112.
Dua V K, Lal S S and Govindakrishnan P M. 2005. Production potential and competition indices in potato (Solanum tuberosum) + French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) intercropping system in Shimla hills. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science, 75: 321-323.
Ebwongu M, Adipala E, Kyamanywa S, Ssekabembe C K and Bhagsari A S. 2001. Influence of spatial arrangements in maize/Solanum potato intercrops on incidence of potato aphids and leaf hoppers in Uganda. African Crop Science Journal, 9:175-184.
Elijah M and Akunda W. 2001. Improving food production by understanding the effect of intercropping and plant population on soybean nitrogen fixing attributes. The Journal of Food Technology in African. 6: 110-115.
Fallah S, Rostaei M, Lorigooini Z and Abbasi Surki A. 2018. Chemical compositions of essential oil and antioxidant activity of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica) in sole crop and dragonhead-soybean (Glycine max) intercropping system under organic manure and chemical fertilizers. Industrial Crops and Products, 115: 158-165.
Faridvand S, Rezaei‐Chiyaneh E, Battaglia M L, Gitari H I, Raza M A and Siddique K H. 2022. Application of bio and chemical fertilizers improves yield, and essential oil quantity and quality of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) intercropped with mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). Food and Energy Security. 11(2): e319.
Geren H, Avcioglu R, Soya H and Kir B. 2008. Intercropping of corn with cowpea and bean: Biomass yield and silage quality. African Journal of Biotechnology. 7(22): 4100-4104.
Ghosh P K, Manna M C, Bandyopadhyay K K, Tripathi A K, Wanjari R H, Hati K M, Misra A K, Acharya C L, and Subba Rao A. 2006. Interspecific interaction and nutrient use in soybean/sorghum intercropping system. Agronomy journal, 98(4): 1097-1108.
Ghosh P K. 2004. Growth, yield, competition and economics of groundnut/cereal fodder intercropping systems in the semi-arid tropics of India. Field Crops Research. 88(2-3): 227-237.
Goh C H, Nicotra A B and Mathesius U. 2016. The presence of nodules on legume root systems can alter phenotypic plasticity in response to internal nitrogen independent of nitrogen fixation. Plant, Cell & Environment. 39(4): 883-896.
Hauggaard-Nielsen H, Jornsgaard B, Kinane J, Jensen E S. 2008. Grain legume cereal intercropping: the practical application of diversity, competition and facilitation in arable and organic cropping systems. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems. 23: 3-12.
Hodiani mehr M A, Dahmardeh M, Khammari I and Asgharipoor M R. 2017. Effects of Tillage Systems on Changes of Soil Nutrients, Yield and Land Equivalent Ratio in Roselle – Green Gram Intercropping. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 15(2): 311-322.
Hussein M S, El-Sherbeny S E, Khalil M Y, Naguib N Y and Aly S M. 2006. Growth characters and chemical constituents of Dracocephalum moldavica L. plants in relation to compost fertilizer and planting distance. Scientia Horticulturae, 108(3): 322-331.
Irankhah S, Ganjeali A, Mashreghi M and Lari Z. 2021. Mixed inoculum of rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus enhance diosgenin contain and phosphorus uptake in fenugreek under drought stress. Rhizosphere. 18: 100338.
Karpenstein-Machan M and Stuelpnagel R. 2000. Biomass yield and nitrogen fixation of legumes monocropped and intercropped with rye and rotation effects on a subsequent maize crop. Plant and Soil. 218(1): 215-232.
Larimi S B, Shakiba M, Mohammadinasab A D and Vahed M M. 2014. Changes in nitrogen and chlorophyll density and leaf area of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) affected by biofertilizer and nitrogen application. International Journal of Biosciences, 5(9): 256-265.
Lithourgidis A S and Dordas C A. 2010. Forage yield, growth rate, and nitrogen uptake of faba bean intercrops with wheat, barley, and rye in three seeding ratios. Crop Science. 50(5): 2148-2158.
Lithourgidis A S, Vlachostergios D N, Dordas C A and Damalas C A. 2011. Dry matter yield, nitrogen content, and competition in pea–cereal intercropping systems. European Journal of agronomy. 34(4): 287-294.
Mao L, Zhang L, Li W, van der Werf W, Sun J, Spiertz H and Li L. 2012. Yield advantage and water saving in maize/pea intercrop. Field Crops Research, 138: 11-20.
Mandegary A, Pournamdari M, Sharififar F, Pournourmohammadi S, Fardiar R and Shooli S. 2012. Alkaloid and flavonoid rich fractions of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(7): 2503-2507.
Marzban Z, Ameriyan M R and Mamarabadi M. 2014. Responses of agronomic characteristics of maize and Cowpea tomycorrhiza and Mesorrhizobial Bacteria in intercropping. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 8: 165-180.
Morsy A S, Elwan A and Eissa N. 2017. Studies on intercropping soybean with sugar cane under different nitrogen levels. Egyptian Journal of Agronomy, 39(2): 221-237.
Monti M, Pellicanò A, Santonoceto C, Preiti G and Pristeri A. 2016. Yield components and nitrogen use in cereal-pea intercrops in Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Research, 196: 379-388.
Mahallati M N, Koocheki A, Mondani F, Feizi H and Amirmoradi S. 2015. Determination of optimal strip width in strip intercropping of maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Northeast Iran. J. Cleaner Production, 106: 343-350.
Nassab A D M, Amon T and Kaul H P. 2011. Competition and yield in intercrops of maize and sunflower for biogas. Industrial Crops and Products, 34(1): 1203-1211.
Nasrollahzadeh-Asl A, Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab A, Zehtab Salmasi S, Moghaddam M and Javanshir A. 2012. Evaluation of potato and cowpea intercropping. Crops Ecophysiology Journal, 6(2): 111-126. (In Persian).
Peters N C B and Wilson J B. 1983. Some studies on the competition between (Avena Fatua L.) and spring barley. II variation of A. fatua emergence and development and its influence oncrop yield. Journal of Weed Research, 23: 305-311.
Rezaei‐Chiyaneh E, Amirnia R, Fotohi Chiyaneh S, Maggi F, Barin M and S. Razavi B. 2021a. Improvement of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) yield quality through a coupled intercropping system and vermicompost application along with maintenance of soil microbial activity. Land Degradation & Development, 32(9): 2833-2848.
Rezaei-Chiyaneh E, Jalilian J, Seyyedi S M, Barin M, Ebrahimian E and Afshar R K. 2021b. Isabgol (Plantago ovata) and lentil (Lens culinaris) intercrop responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture, 37(2): 125-140.
Riasat M, Jafari A A, Bahmanzadegan A, Hatami A and Zareiyan F. 2017. The constituents of essential oil in leaves of Karaj accession of Trigonella foenum graecum. Natural product research, 31(14): 1709-1712.
Sakhavi S, Amini R, Shakiba M R and Mohammadi-Nasab A D. 2017. Advantage of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) intercropping under organic, biological and chemical fertilizer treatments. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 26(4): 17-32.
Saudy H S and El-Metwally I M. 2009. Weed management under different patterns of sunflower-soybean intercropping. J. of Central European Agriculture, 10(1): 41-51.
Seyed sharifi R, and Namvar A. 2016. Bio fertilizers in agronomy. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. 280 p.
Stefan M, Munteanu N, Stoleru V, Mihasan M and Hritcu L. 2013. Seed inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria enhances photosynthesis and yield of runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 151: 22-29.
Stoltz E, Nadeau E and Wallenhammar A C. 2013. Intercropping maize and faba bean for silage under Swedish climate conditions. Agricultural Research, 2(1): 90-97.
Strickland M S, Leggett Z H, Sucre E B and Bradford M A. 2015. Biofuel intercropping effects on soil carbon and microbial activity. Ecological Applications, 25(1): 140-150.
Vafadar-Yengeje L, Amini R and Nasab A D M. 2018. Assessment of Growth Characteristics and Yield of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica) under Different Fertilizer Treatments in Intercropping with Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 28(2): 35-51.
Vafadar-Yengeje L, Amini R and Nasab A D M. 2019. Chemical compositions and yield of essential oil of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) in intercropping with faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under different fertilizers application. J. Cleaner Production, 239: 118033.
Yang F, Huang S, Gao R, Liu W, Yong T, Wang X, Wu X and Yang W. 2014. Growth of soybean seedlings in relay strip intercropping systems in relation to light quantity and red: far-red ratio. Field Crops Research, 155: 245-253.
Yilmaz Ş, Atak M and Erayman M. 2008. Identification of advantages of maize-legume intercropping over solitary cropping through competition indices in the East Mediterranean Region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 32(2): 111-119.
Zarfeshan M. 2008. Preparing climate and soil requirement tables for land suitability evaluation of cumin seed cultivation in iran based on fao frame work method. M. Sc. Thesis. University of Tarbiat Modarres, Iran.
)