ارزیابی تنوع صفات زراعی و عملکرد دانه لاین‌های ماش در شرایط محیطی مختلف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1- دانشیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 محقق، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، دزفول، ایران

3 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی

4 دانشیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

5 مربی پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، دزفول، ایران

6 استادیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

ماش گیاهی مناسب برای تنوع بخشیدن به سیستم های زراعی به منظور بهره گیری از آثار اکولوژیکی مثبت است. تعداد چهل و هفت لاین منتخب از ژرم‌پلاسم ماش بانک ژن گیاهی ملی ایران همراه با ژنوتیپ‌های شاهد(رقم پرتو و لاین امیدبخش VC6173) در قالب طرح لاتیس مربع (لاتیس 7×7) در دو تکرار در سه محیط مختلف کشت شدند و با ارزیابی عملکرد دانه و صفات موثر بر عملکرد نظیر طول غلاف، تعداد خوشه در بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند.
نتایج نشان داد در هر سه شرایط محیطی اثر ژنوتیپ روی کلیه صفات مورد بررسی به استثنای صفت تعداد دانه در غلاف معنی‌دار بود. این موضوع نشان‌دهنده وجود تنوع ژنتیکی مطلوب بین لاین‌های مورد بررسی و تاکیدی بر امکان انتخاب مواد ژنتیکی مناسب برای پیشبرد اهداف به‌نژادی در این گیاه است. اگرچه با توجه به عدم واکنش یکسان ژنوتیپ‌ها به محیط‌های مختلف؛ انتخاب ضرورتا باید در محیط‌های مختلف به صورت جداگانه صورت پذیرد، با جمع‌بندی نتایج در سه محیط مختلف مشخص شد، لاین‌های24، 25 و 41 از نظر طول غلاف، لاین‌های 23 و ‌42 از نظر تعداد غلاف در بوته، لاین 43 از نظر تعداد دانه در غلاف، لاین‌های 5، 11 و42 از نظر تعداد خوشه در بوته در هر سه محیط در دسته لاین‌های برتر قرار داشتند. تنوع ژنتیکی بالا در این ژنوتیپ‌ها امکان معرفی ارقام جدید و توسعه سطح زیر کشت این گیاه برای مناطق مختلف با شرایط آب و هوایی متفاوت را فراهم می‌سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of diversity of grain yield and agronomical traits of mung bean lines under different environmental conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Pouresmael 1
  • Ali Akbar Saneinejad 2
  • Mohamad Bagher Khorshidi 3
  • Ali Akbar Ghanbari 4
  • Reza Sekhavat 5
  • Vida Ghotbi 6
1 Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
2 Researcher, Safiabad Agricultural Research and Natural Resources center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Dezful, Iran
3 Assistante Professor, East Azarbayjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
5 Research Instructor, Agricultural and Natural Research and Education Center of Safi Abad, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Dezful, Iran
6 Assistante Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Mung bean is a suitable plant to enrich the agricultural systems diversity and to benefit from positive ecological effects. A total 47 mung bean lines along with control genotypes (Parto cultivar and 6173 line) were planted in Latis square design (7 × 7) in two replications at three different environments conditions . The most important agronomic traits including grain yield, pods and racemes number per plant and pod length were evaluated and different lines compared to each others. The results indicated existence of diversity in the under-studied lines and emphasized that it would be possible to perform selection the appropriate one for utilization in the future breeding programs. Inconsistent performance of lines across three different environments necessitate that appropriate line selection was done in each environment separately. Generally based on lines performance at three different environments, lines number 24, 25 and 41 from pod length point of view, lines number 23 and 42 from pod number per plant, lines number 43 from grain number per pod and lines number 5, 11 and 42 from raceme number per plant point of view ranked as appropriate lines at all three environments, The high genetic diversity in these lines make possible the introduction of new cultivars and the expanding the cultivated area of this plant at different regions with different climate conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic
  • diversity
  • performance
  • yield
  • component
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