Investigating the effect of biological and chemical fertilizers on some agricultural traits and physiological indicators of Chenopodium quinoa Willd in the climatic conditions of Jajarm city

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Government employee

2 Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bojnord University

3 Department of Agriculture-Ecology Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bojnord University

Abstract

The use of chemical fertilizers leads to the pollution of water and soil resources .This experiment deals with the effect of using chemical and biological fertilizers on the quinoa plant, with the aim of reducing and eliminating chemical fertilizers.The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized block design. The investigated treatments include the levels of biological fertilizers (enterobacter and phosphobacter) A: control without biological agent, A1: seed material, A2: seed material with soil and application at the time of four leaves and A3: seed material with soil and application at the time of four leaves and eight leaves; And there were four levels of chemical fertilizer consumption: B: 100% recommended chemical fertilizer, B1: 60% recommended chemical fertilizer, B2: 30% recommended chemical fertilizer, and B3: no chemical fertilizer. The results showed that treatments containing 60% recommended chemical fertilizer consumption along with biological fertilizers caused a significant increase in plant height and harvest index compared to the control. The highest performance in the biological fertilizer inoculation treatment was Mal seed + four leaves recommended 60% chemical fertilizer, which increased the production by compared to the control. the use of chemical and biological fertilizers showed an acceptable increase in growth indicators, which can be caused by the effect of biological fertilizers in the production of dry matter during the growing period of the product. In general, this research showed that the use of biological fertilizers is a suitable solution for the optimal use of chemical fertilizers and the realization of sustainable agricultural goals.

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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 22 October 2025

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