Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran.
2
- Medicinal Plants and By-products Research Division, Research Institutes of Forest and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
3
- Horticulture Crops Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran.
4
- Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran.
10.22034/saps.2025.60790.3193
Abstract
Background and Objectives: German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is a valuable plant that widely used in the cosmetic, health and pharmaceutical industries. Since the improvement works and obtaining varieties with high quality and quantity are very important in achieving food security, this research was planned as an introduction to introduce the varieties of this plant in Isfahan
Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted during 2022-2023 in Fozveh station. The experiment was on the basis of randomized complete block design with 3 replications. On 32 populations of M. chamomilla.
Results and discussion:
Considerable variation was observed between populations. Cultivated populations had higher height, flower and seed yield, but wild populations had higher essential oil. The number of days until seed ripening in cultivated populations was higher than in wild populations, which increased plant growth and yield. Positive and significant correlation was observed between flower and seed yield with height and number of days until maturity. Using principal component analysis, the first two components determined 71% of the total variation. Flower yield, seed yield, percentage of essential oil, height, E-β farnesene and α-bisabololoxide yield formed first component. Genotypes were classified into 4 groups. The placement of different populations together showed that geographic diversity follows genetic diversity.
Conclusion: The studied populations had the necessary genetic diversity for flower yield, seed yield and essential oil percentage. Therefore, the populations of groups 1,2,3 and some populations of group 4 were selected and used for re-cultivation.
Keywords: Yield, essential oil, Daisy family, diversity, Matricaria chamomilla
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