The Effect of Irrigation Regimes on Morphological Traits and Agronomic Characteristics of Sumer Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Under the Application of Bentonite Sulfur and Acidithiobacillus spp. Bacteria
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گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
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Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Yasouj, Iran.
10.22034/saps.2025.63999.3297
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: This study aims to investigate the synergistic effects of bentonite sulfur and Acidithiobacillus bacterial on improving morphological traits, grain and oil yield and water use efficiency under different irrigation regimes in safflower. Materials and methods: A split factorial experiment was conducted base on a randomized complete block design with three replications in summer of 2022 in Yasouj University. Irrigation regimes at three levels (full irrigation and interruption of irrigation from the beginning of the flowering stage and the beginning of seed filling) were considered as the main factor, and bentonite sulfur (B-sulfur) at three levels (zero, 150 and 300 kg.ha-1) and Acidithiobacillus spp. at two levels (application and no-application) were considered as secondary factors. Results: Severe drought stress caused a decrease in LAI, head diameter, and plant height. It also reduced the number of side branches and the main stem diameter by 11.56 and 10.48%. Under severe stress, the highest number of full heads per plant (11.49), full seeds per head (39.3), and thousand seed weight (41.5) were obtained from the application of Acidithiobacillus + 300 kg.ha-1 of B-sulfur. In moderate stress, the application of Acidithiobacillus + 300 kg.ha-1 B-sulfur was associated with an increase of 46.54 percent in grain yield and 1.03 times oil yield. Conclusion: The integrated application of 300 kg.ha-1 of bentonite sulfur combined with Acidithiobacillus bacteria is recommended to enhance grain yield and oil yield tolerance of safflower to cut off irrigation stress from the seed-filling stage in the cold region of Dashtroom.
Alahdadi, H. , Yadavi, A. , Movahhedi Dehnavi, M. and Balouchi, H. (2026). The Effect of Irrigation Regimes on Morphological Traits and Agronomic Characteristics of Sumer Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Under the Application of Bentonite Sulfur and Acidithiobacillus spp. Bacteria. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, (), -. doi: 10.22034/saps.2025.63999.3297
MLA
Alahdadi, H. , , Yadavi, A. , , Movahhedi Dehnavi, M. , and Balouchi, H. . "The Effect of Irrigation Regimes on Morphological Traits and Agronomic Characteristics of Sumer Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Under the Application of Bentonite Sulfur and Acidithiobacillus spp. Bacteria", Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, , , 2026, -. doi: 10.22034/saps.2025.63999.3297
HARVARD
Alahdadi, H., Yadavi, A., Movahhedi Dehnavi, M., Balouchi, H. (2026). 'The Effect of Irrigation Regimes on Morphological Traits and Agronomic Characteristics of Sumer Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Under the Application of Bentonite Sulfur and Acidithiobacillus spp. Bacteria', Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, (), pp. -. doi: 10.22034/saps.2025.63999.3297
CHICAGO
H. Alahdadi , A. Yadavi , M. Movahhedi Dehnavi and H. Balouchi, "The Effect of Irrigation Regimes on Morphological Traits and Agronomic Characteristics of Sumer Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Under the Application of Bentonite Sulfur and Acidithiobacillus spp. Bacteria," Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, (2026): -, doi: 10.22034/saps.2025.63999.3297
VANCOUVER
Alahdadi, H., Yadavi, A., Movahhedi Dehnavi, M., Balouchi, H. The Effect of Irrigation Regimes on Morphological Traits and Agronomic Characteristics of Sumer Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Under the Application of Bentonite Sulfur and Acidithiobacillus spp. Bacteria. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 2026; (): -. doi: 10.22034/saps.2025.63999.3297
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