The effect of Seaweed and Organic Growing Media on Growth, Yield and Essential Oils of Sovary (Satureja hortensis L.)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Dept., of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

2 Dept., of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran,

10.22034/saps.2024.60874.3194

Abstract

Background &Objective: The use of organic fertilizers such as vermicompost, mushroom waste compost and also biological fertilizers in the organic production of medicinal plants, in addition to providing part of the nutrients needed by the plant, also prevents soil pollution. Investigations on the use of seaweed and growing media as biofertilizers and its effect on the performance of medicinal plants have received less attention. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effect of organic growing medium and seaweed on growth indicators, yield and essential oil of savory plant (Satureja hortensis L.).
 
Materials & Methods: This factorial experiment was carried out in the form of a completely randomized design with 3 replications in the Horticultural Science Greenhouse of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. The experimental treatments of the substrate included soil with a ratio of 1:2 soil and sand as a control, and the replacement ratios were 30% of vermicompost and 30% of spent mushroom compost, and other treatments included foliar spraying with seaweed extract at four levels. 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 g/L) in another experiment
 
Results: The results of the experiment showed that the effect of organic and biological fertilizers on vegetative growth indicators and qualitative traits was significant compared to the control.The highest value for physiological traits and content of phosphorus, nitrogen and most essential oil compounds was related to vermicompost bed and the lowest value of these traits was related to the control treatment.The most phosphorus (4417 mg/kg), nitrogen (3.93 %) was obtained for foliar spraying with a concentration (0.5 g/liter) of seaweed and vermicompost bed, as well as the highest amount of root dry weight (0.38 g) and Fe cocentration (623mg/kg) and the dry weight of aerial parts (4.30 gr) were related to the concentration of 1 g/liter of seaweed treatment.
 
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the organic fertilizers used, especially vermicompost, along with all the concentrations of seaweed fertilizer used, increased the vegetative yield compared to the control. According to the results of this research, the concentrations of seaweed fertilizer combined with vermicompost fertilizer and in some mushroom compost residues significantly increased the amount of essential compounds compared to the control, and the effect of lower concentrations was greater than higher concentrations.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Aracnon NQ, Edward CA, Bierman, P. 2006. Influence of vermicomposts on field strawberries: Effect on soil microbiologycal and chemical properties. Bioresource Technology, 97: 831-840.
Chaudhuri P, Pal TK, Bhattacharjee G and Dey SK. 2021. Nutrient Changes duringVermicomposting by perioyx excavatus of the aquatic weed trapabispinosa. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 130(2): 257-262. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.06.001.
Carvalho MEA, Castro PRC, Gallo LA and Junior MVCF. 2014. Seaweed extract provides development and production of wheat. Extrato de alga promove desenvolvimento e produção de trigo, 7(23): 166-170. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.51607.
Chbani A, Mawlawi H and Zaouk L. 2013. Evaluation of brown seaweed (Padina pavonica) as biostimulant of plant growth and development. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(13): 1155-1165.  DOI: 10.5897/AJAR12.1346.
Cotteni A. 1980. Methods of plant analysis. In: Westerman R.L. (Ed.), Soil and Plant Testing. FAO Soil Bulletin, pp. 64-100.
Darzi MT, Ghalavand A, Rejali F, Sefidkon F. 2006. Effect of biofertilizers application on yield and yield components in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Iran Journal Med Aromatic Plants, 22(4): 276-292.
Darzi MT., Hadjseyed Hadi, MR, Rejali F. 2011. Effects of vermicompost and phosphate biofertilizer application on yield and yield components in Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) Iran Journal Med Aromatic Plants, 262:452-465.
El kaoaua M, Chernane H, Benaliat A and Neamallah L. 2013. Seaweed liquid extracts effect on salvia offcinalis growth, biochemical compounds and water deficit tolerance. African Journal of Biotechnology, 72(28): 4481-4589. DOI: 10.5897/AJB2013.12807.
Gul Shadi ID, Ansari R, Askari S, Sarafzadegan N and Bishtam M. 2018. Awareness, belief and practice towards herbal medicines in the people of Isfahan city. Quarterly Journal of Medicinal Plants, Volume 1, Volume 2: 21-29. DOI: doi.org/10.17795/iji25061.
Hadian J. 2017. Investigation of the genetic diversity of native Iranian savory species. Horticultural Science Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tehran. Pp. 180. DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00526-5.
Hernandez Jimenez, JE, Nyiraneza J, Fraser TD., Peach Brown H C, Lopez- Sanchez IJ, & Botero-Botero LR. 2020. Enhancing phosphorus release from struvite with biostimulants. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 101(1): 22-32. doi: 10.1139/cjss-0147-2019.
Khan W, Rayirath UP, Subramanian S, Jithesh MN, Rayorath P and Hodges DM. 2009. Seaweed extracts as biostimulants of plant growth and development. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 28:386–399.
Khan W, Rayirath UP, Subramanian S, Jithesh MN, Rayorath P, Hodges DM, Critchley AT, Craigie JS, Norrie J and Prithiviraj B. 2011. Seaweed Extracts as Biostimulants of Plant Growth and Development. Journal Plant Growth Regulation, 28:386–399. DOI: 10.1007/s00344-009-9103-x.
Medina E, Paredes C, Pérez-Murcia MD, Bustamante MA and Moral R. 2019. Spent mushroom substrates as component of growing media for germination and growth of horticultural plants. Bioresource Technology, 100: 4227–4232. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.055.
Moradi R, Nasiri M, Rizvani Moghadam, M, Lekzian P, Nejad A and Azizullah A. 2011, the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the quantity and quality of essential oil of fennel plant (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 25(21): 25-33.
Naiji M and Souri, M.K. 2015. Evaluation of growth and yield of savory (Satureja hortensis) under organic and biological fertilizers toward organic production. Plant productions, 38(3): 93-105.
Olfati J, Khasmakhi-Sabet S, Shabani H and Peyvast G. 2022. Alternative Organic. Fertilizer to Cow Manure for French Dwarf Bean Production. International Journal Vegtable Science, 18 (2): 190-198. DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2011.606291.
Omid Beigi R. 2000. Production and processing of medicinal plants. (3rd volume) Astan Quds Razavi Publications. Pp. 379. (In Persian).
Pise NM and Sabale AB. 2019. Effect of seaweed concentrates on the growth and biochemical constituents of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Journal of Phytology, 2(4): 50–56. DOI:  10.1155/2016/5973760.
Pirani H, Ebadi, MT and Rezaei A. 2020. Effect of seaweed fertilizer foliar application on growth parameters, yield, and essential oil content and composition of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 36(3): 376-389.
Rashtbari M and Alikhani H A. 2013. The effect and efficiency of urban waste compost and vermicompost on the morpho-physiological characteristics and performance of rapeseed under drought stress conditions, Danesh Agriculture and Sustainable Production Journal, 2(2): 114-127.
Rechinger KH. 1982. Satureja. In: Flora Iranica, Graz, Austria, No. 150. DOI: 10.15159/ar.23.011
Sarani S. 2013. The economic importance of seaweed. Horoscope month. third part, No. 225: 26-27. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91955-9_16.
Ssykumar C, Norvell WA, Bjorman T and Harman GE. 2011. Solubilization of phosphates and micronutrients by the plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol. Applied Environment Microbiology, 65: 2926- 2933. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.65.7.2926-2933.1999.
Esringu A, Kaynar D, Turan M and Ercisli, S. 2016. Ameliorative effect of humic acid and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Hungarian vetch plants under salinity stress. Communications.
Soleimani R and Rajaei M. 2023. The effect of plant growth stimulants on yield and yield components of canola (Brassica napus L.) under drought stress. Journal of Arid Biome, 13(1):123-138.
Tawfeeq A, Culham A, Davis, F. and Reeves M. 2016. Does fertilizer type and method of application cause significant differences in essential oil yield and composition in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)? Industrial Crops and Products, 88: 17-22.
Walker DJ, Bernal MP. 2008. The effecfs of olive mill waste compost and poultry manure on the availability and plant uptake of nutrients in a highly saline soil. Bioresource Technology, 99: 396 - 403.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production
Volume 35, Issue 4
2026
Pages 1-13

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics