Effect of different phosphorus fertilizer sources (chemical and biological) and intercropping ratios on advantage indices in Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammiL.) and Coronilla (Securigera securidaca L.)

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 . Ph.D Student of Agrothechnology, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University.

2 Professor, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University

3 Associate Professor, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University

4 Associate Professor, Dept. of Pathobiology. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University

10.22034/saps.2026.68821.3394

Abstract

Abstract
Introduction and objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the advantage indices of the intercropping of ajwain and coronilla under different intercropping patterns and the application of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers.
Materials and Methods: A factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Fahlian region of Mamasani County, Fars Province, Iran. The application of 100 kg.ha-1 of triple superphosphate (TSP), 50 kg.ha-1 (TSP) + phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 50 kg.ha-1 (TSP) + mycorrhiza, 50 kg.ha-1 (TSP) + phosphate-solubilizing bacteria + mycorrhiza and intercropping patterns were implemented at five levels with the cultivation pattern of 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 ajwain-coronilla, as well as sole cropping of each species. Measured traits included plant height, grain yield, and intercropping advantage indices.
Findings: The highest plant height and grain yield were observed in the 100 kg ha⁻¹ (TSP) treatment, which did not differ significantly from the combined treatment of 50 kg ha⁻¹ (TSP) + phosphate‑solubilizing bacteria + mycorrhiza. Intercropping patterns significantly influenced advantage indices, with the 1:1 and 1:2 ajwain-coronilla systems showing superior Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), Relative Crowding Coefficient (K), and Actual Yield Loss/Increase values compared to other systems.
Conclusion: Integration of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizers can significantly improve crop performance while promoting environmental sustainability. Moreover, ajwain-coronilla intercropping, particularly in 1:1 and 1:2 ratios, demonstrated notable advantages in yield and resource utilization, highlighting its potential as a sustainable cropping strategy.

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 22 October 2027

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