Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
2
Master's degree, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plants Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
4
Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
10.22034/saps.2026.62361.3245
Abstract
Objectives: In this study, the effect of using NPK chemical fertilizer, biochar organic fertilizer, NPK biofertilizer, animal manure on the yield traits and biochemical compounds of Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) has been investigated.
Materials and methods: This experiment was conducted based on the randomized complete block design in three repetitions in 2019-2020. Experimental treatments were: chemical fertilizer (NPK 100%), chemical fertilizer (NPK 50%), biochar, biofertilizer (NPK), manure and combination of these treatments.
Results: The highest performance across all evaluated traits, including plant height, plant diameter, number of lateral branches, number of flowering branches, main inflorescence length, leaf dry weight per plant, stem dry weight, total to leaf weight ratio, leaf dry weight per hectare, and total dry weight, belonged to the combined treatment (Ch50% + Bio + NPK(b) + Manure) and the pure chemical treatment (Ch100%). Moreover , for the biochemical traits including essential oil percentage, essential oil yield per plant, essential oil yield per hectare, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total phenolics, flavonoids, DPPH radical scavenging activity, leaf nitrogen percentage, leaf phosphorus percentage, and leaf potassium percentage, these two treatments (combined and pure chemical) also showed the highest values. In contrast, the lowest performance across all these traits was observed in the pure biochar treatment.
Conclusion: According to the results, it can be said that 50% of chemical fertilizer consumption can be reduced by replacing organic and biological fertilizers. Nowadays, decreasing the application of chemical fertilizers is one of the most important concerns in agriculture and especially medicinal plants.
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