Evaluation of rapeseed Mutants under Drought Stress at Flowering Stage in terms of Yield, Oil Percentage and Stress Tolerance Indices

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

2 Department of Agronomy,Faculty of Agriculture,University of Zabol,Zabol,Iran

3 Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.

10.22034/saps.2025.60762.3191

Abstract

Background & Objectives: Given the increasing limitation of water resources and the expansion of arid regions worldwide, identifying and utilizing drought-tolerant genotypes is considered one of the important priorities in crop plant breeding. This study was conducted to identify mutants with more stable yield and higher drought stress tolerance, as well as to find suitable strategies for crop production in arid environments.
 
Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out through two separate experiments (full irrigation and cessation of irrigation at the flowering stage) in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during the years 2015-2016 and 2017-2018 at the research farm of the Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute in Karaj, Iran. In this experiment, seven rapeseed genotypes were evaluated, including three cultivars (Licord, Okapi, and RGS as controls) and four mutants derived from the RGS parental line (MRGS9, MRGS14, MRGS16, and MRGS31). The mutant lines were developed by irradiating the RGS cultivar with gamma irradiation from a cobalt-60 source at a dose of 950 Gy.
 
Results: The results showed that the MRGS31 genotype had the highest grain yield (1,457 kg/ha), 1000-grain weight (44.4 g), and biological yield (7,934.6 kg/ha) under both full irrigation and cessation of irrigation at the flowering stage. Additionally, the grain yield reduction of this genotype under drought stress was only 9.33%, the lowest among the studied genotypes. Among the stress tolerance indices, MP, GMP, and STI were identified as the best indices for selecting drought-tolerant genotypes due to their significant correlation with yield. Based on these indices and the biplot analysis, MRGS31 was identified as the most drought-tolerant genotype among the studied genotypes.
 
Conclusion: Rapeseed mutants showed the least reduction in grain yield under both full irrigation and cessation of irrigation at the flowering stage (where irrigation was applied equally before flowering, and drought stress was induced by stopping irrigation at the flowering stage). The highest and lowest reductions in grain yield under cessation of irrigation at flowering stage were observed in the RGS genotype (27.65%) and MRGS31 genotype (9.33%), respectively. These findings suggest that gamma radiation effectively improved plant tolerance to drought stress.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production
Volume 37, Issue 3
October 2027
Pages 181-199

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