Influence of Tillage Method and Residue Retention on Yield and some Agronomic Characteristics of Forage Maize in Water Stress Conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Minimal soil movement and retention of rational amounts of crop residue in crop rotation are the principles of conservation agriculture system. In order to study the effects of tillage method and residue retention on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of forage maize and some soil chemical characteristics in water stress conditions, this experiment conducted in Jolg-e-Rokh research station (Torbat-e-Heydarye, Razavi Khorasan Province) in 2015. Used farm, has been managed under the conservation agriculture system from 2012 (with similar treatments of this experiment and fixed plots in wheat-clover-beet-barley crop rotation). The experiment was conducted as split split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments were Tillage method (no tillage, minimum tillage and conventional tillage), residue retention rate (0, 30 and 60 percent) and water stress (50, 75 and 100 percent of irrigation water). Results showed that various tillage methods were significantly effective on yield, and minimum tillage in compare with conventional tillage, increased forage yield over %6. Residue retention treatment did not have significant effects on yield and another studied characteristic but water stress treatment had significant effects on forage yield, forage quality index, stem diameter, water use efficiency and tasseling period. Applying minimum tillage with %60 residue retention with 41180 kg.ha-1 forage yield and 7.2 kg.m-3water use efficiency, was a good solution in comparison with other methods.
 

Keywords

References

Aase JK and Pikul JL, 1995. Crop and soil response to long-term tillage practices in the northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 87 (4): 652–656.
Alvarez R, 2005. A review of nitrogen fertilizer and conservation tillage effects on soil organic carbon storage. Soil Use Manage, 21:38-52.
Farshi AA, Shariati MR, Jarollahi R., Ghaemi M.R., Shahabifar M. and Tavallaei M.M., 1997. An estimate of water requirement of main field crops and orchards in Iran. Vol 1: Field Crops. Publication of Nacre Amoozeshe keshavarzi. (In Persian).
Govaerts B, Sayre KD and Deckers J, 2005. Stable high yields with zero tillage and permanent bed planting?  Field Crop Research, 94:33–42.
Govaerts B, Fuentes M, Mezzalama M, Julie, M, Deckers J, Etchevers JD, Figueroa-Sandoval B and Sayre KD, 2007. Infiltration, soil moisture, root rot and nematode populations after 12 years of different tillage, residue and crop rotation managements. Soil and Tillage Research, 94:209–219.
Hay RKM and Walker AJ, 1989. An introduction to the physiology of crop yield. Longman Scientific and Technical
Hobbs PR Sayre K and Gupta R. 2008.The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture.     Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society, 363: 543–555.
Kassam AH, Friedrich T, Derpsch R and Kienzle J, 2014.Worldwide adoption of Conservation                                                 Agriculture 6th World Congress on Conservation  Agriculture, 22-27 June 2014, Winnipeg, Canada.                                                                         
Koocheki A, Hosseini M and Nassiri Mahallati M.,1997. Crop-Water relations. Publication of Jihad-e- daneshgahi Mashhad. (In Persian).
Li HW, Gao HW, Wu HD, Li WY, Wang XY and He J, 2007. Effects of 15 years of conservation tillage on soil structure and productivity of wheat cultivation in northern China. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 45:344–350.
Pettorelli N, 2013. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Oxford University Press, PP: 30-43.
Qingjiea W,  Caiyuna L, Hongwena L, Jina H, Kumer Sarker K, Rabi G, Rasaily A, Liang Zhonghuic L, Xiaodonga Q, Huia L and David Jack A, 2014. The effects of no-tillage with subsoiling on soil properties and maize yield: 12-Year experiment on alkaline soils of Northeast China. Soil and Tillage Research, 137:43-49.
Romero-Perezgrovas R, Verhulst N, Delarosa D, Hernandez V, Maertens M, Deckers J and Govaerts B, 2014. Effects of Tillage and Crop Residue Management on Maize Yields and Net Returns in the Central Mexican Highlands under Drought Conditions. Soil Science Society of China, 24:476–486.
Ronald BH, 1997. Long-term conservation tillage studies: impact of no-till on seed corn maggot. Crop Protection, 16 (3) 221–225.
Zibilske LM, Bradford JM and Smart JR, 2002. Conservation tillage induced changes in organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in a semi-arid alkaline subtropical soil. Soil and Tillage Research,
66 (2): 153–163.     
 
 
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
Volume 27, Issue 4
January 2018
Pages 137-151

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics