بررسی ژنوتیپ‌های امیدبخش سیب‌زمینی از نظر مقاومت به تنش خشکی در اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل

4 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: خشکی یکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های محیطی در بوم نظام‌های زراعی است. مطالعه به منظور گزینش ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل سیب‌زمینی به تنش خشکی انجام گردید.
مواد و روش‌ها: این آزمایش در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی به روش بلوک‌های خرد شده نواری در سه تکرار طی دو سال زراعی در اردبیل اجرا شد. دو سطح آبیاری بدون تنش و تنش به ‌عنوان فاکتور عمودی و 20 ژنوتیپ سیب‌زمینی به‌عنوان فاکتور افقی مقایسه گردید.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد کلیه صفات اندازه‌گیری شده تحت اثر تیمار‌های تنش و ژنوتیپ‌ها قرار گرفت. تحت تیمار تنش ژنوتیپ‌ 905675 بیش‌ترین عملکرد غده و وزن غده در بوته را به خود اختصاص داد. کم‌ترین مقدار عملکرد غده و وزن غده در بوته از رقم مارفونا به‌دست آمد. به‌علاوه با اعمال تنش، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های آنزیمی و غیر آنزیمی افزایش نشان دادند. بیش‌ترین میزان قند احیاکننده با 122 درصد، ویتامین ث با 63 درصد، پرولین با 106 درصد و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز با 249 درصد افزایش نسبت به شرایط بدون تنش در ژنوتیپ 905675 مشاهده شد. بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسیددیسموتاز و پلی‌فنل‌اکسیداز به ترتیب با 214 و 42 درصد افزایش متعلق به ژنوتیپ 901375 بود.

نتیجه‌گیری: در کل با در نظر گرفتن میزان تغییرات عملکرد غده، وزن غده در بوته و افزایش فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های آنزیمی و غیر آنزیمی، ژنوتیپ‌های 905675، 901575 و 901375 به‌ترتیب به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل و دارای پتانسیل عملکرد بالا در هر دو شرایط تنش و عدم تنش انتخاب شدند و ارقام میلوا، جلی و مارفونا به‌عنوان ارقام حساس قابل معرفی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of promising potato genotypes in terms of resistance to drought stress in Ardabil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Hamzehpour 1
  • Ahmad Tobeh 2
  • Davood Hassanpanah 3
  • salim farzaneh 4
1 Ph.D. student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre of Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardebil, Ardebil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Drought is one of the most important environmental stresses in the ecosystem of crops. In order to select potato tolerant genotypes to drought stress.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with the method of strip chopped blocks in three replications during the two cropping years was performed in Ardabil region. Two levels of non-stress and stress irrigation were compared as vertical factor and 20 potato genotypes were compared as horizontal factor.
Results: The results showed that all measured traits were affected by stress treatments. Under stress treatment, genotype 905675 had the highest tuber yield and tuber weight per plant. The lowest tuber yield and tuber weight per plant were obtained from Marfona cultivar. In addition, with the application of stress, the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants increased. The highest amount of reducing sugar with 122%, vitamin C with 63%, proline with 106% The percentage of catalase enzyme with 249% increase compared to non-stress conditions was observed in genotype 905675. The highest activity of superoxide dismutase and polyphenol oxidase with 214 and 42% increase belonged to genotype 901375, respectively.
Conclusion: In general, considering the amount of changes in tuber yield, tuber weight per plant, increasing the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, genotypes 905675, 901575 and 901375 were selected as tolerant and high yield potential genotypes in both stress and non-stress conditions, respectively, and Milva, Jelly and Marfona cultivars can be introduced as susceptible cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Catalase
  • Cut off irrigation
  • Proline
  • Reducing sugar
  • Tuber yield
  • Vitamin C

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 33، شماره 3
مهر 1402
صفحه 323-341

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