ارزیابی زراعی، اکولوژیکی و اقتصادی کشت مخلوط مریم‌گلی و نعناع‌فلفلی در سطوح مختلف آبیاری و با کاربرد تعدیل‌کننده‌های تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیأت علمی دانشگاه مراغه

2 دکتری اگروتکنولوژی-اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

آزمایشی بصورت کرت‌های دو بار خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 36 تیمار و سه تکرار در دانشگاه مراغه در سال‌های زراعی 1398 و 1399 اجرا گردید. فاکتور اصلی رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری شامل پس از 25، 50 و 75 درصد حداکثر تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی از آب در دسترس بود. فاکتور فرعی الگوهای کشت (کشت خالص نعناع‌فلفلی، کشت خالص مریم‌گلی و کشت مخلوط یک ردیف نعناع‌فلفلی+ یک ردیف مریم‌گلی) و فاکتور فرعی فرعی منابع مختلف کودی شامل عدم مصرف کود به عنوان شاهد، نانو دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم (100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، قارچ میکوریزا و کاربرد تلفیقی قارچ میکوریزا + نانو دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم بودند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد ماده خشک نعناع‌فلفلی و مریم‌گلی در تنش ملایم به ترتیب 7/28 و 27 درصد و در تنش شدید به ترتیب 1/55 و1/64 درصد کاهش یافت. بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک نعناع‌فلفلی و مریم‌گلی در کشت خالص با کاربرد تلفیقی قارچ میکوریزا+ نانو دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم بدست آمد. همچنین بیشترین درصد اسانس نعناع‌فلفلی در کشت مخلوط با کاربرد تلفیقی قارچ میکوریزا+ نانو دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم حاصل شد. بیشترین میزان نسبت برابری زمین معمولی، کاهش واقعی عملکرد و شاخص‌های اقتصادی کشت مخلوط در آبیاری نرمال با کاربرد تلفیقی نانو دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم + قارچ میکوریزا بدست آمد. علاوه بر این، بیشترین درآمد خالص دو گیاه در آبیاری نرمال در کشت مخلوط با کاربرد تلفیقی قارچ میکوریزا + نانو دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم بدست آمد که تفاوت معنی‌داری با کاربرد تلفیقی قارچ میکوریزا + نانو دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم در تنش ملایم و در کشت مخلوط نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Agronomical, ecological and economical evaluation of sage - peppermint intercropping at different irrigation levels with application of drought stress modulating

نویسندگان [English]

  • abdollah javanmard 1
  • Ali Ostadi 2
2 Ph.D. of Agrotechnology – Crop Ecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh
چکیده [English]

a field experiment performed to evaluate the effects of peppermint and sage intercropping with application of different fertilizer resources on the dry matter yield, essential oil content, and ecological indices under drought stress.
A field experiment was carried out as a split split plot based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 36 treatments and three replications . The main factor was three irrigation regimes included 25 (MAD25), 50 (MAD50), and 75% (MAD75) maximum allowable depletion (MAD) percentage of the soil available water (SAW) as normal irrigation, mild and severe water stress, respectively. The sub-factor was different planting patterns included peppermint monoculture, sage monoculture, and intercropping of peppermint + sage and also sub-sub factor were application of different fertilizer sources including no‐fertilizer as control, TiO2 nanoparticles (100 mg L−1), arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) inoculation, and integrative application of AMF and TiO2 (AMF + TiO2).
The maximum essential oil content of peppermint (1.51%) and sage (1.33%) was observed in intercropping plants with integrative application of AMF + TiO2. The essential oil content of peppermint and sage increased by 13.1 and 41.2% under mild stress in compared with normal irrigation, respectively. Also, the highest LER, K, AYL,, and monetary indices were achived in mild water stress with integrative application of AMF + TiO2.
it can be concluded that the application of AMF + TiO2 in intercropping of peppermint/sage could be suggested as a sustainable strategy to increasing the quantity and quality of essential oil of both plants under drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio-fertilizer
  • Drought stress
  • Medicinal and aromatic plants
  • Nanoparticle
  • Sustainable agriculture

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 2
مرداد 1403
صفحه 1-27

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