مقایسه قدرت رقابتی ارقام برنج (Oryza sativa L.) در تداخل با علف‌هرز سوروف (Echinochloa crus-galli L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

این پژوهش به منظور بررسی قدرت رقابت چهار رقم برنج در رقابت با علف‏هرز سوروف و انتخاب رقم مناسب با توانایی رقابتی بالاتر در برابر این علف‌هرز انجام شد.
چهار سطح رقم برنج (طارم هاشمی، شیرودی، دیلمانی و حسنی) و شش سطح تراکم علف هرز سوروف (صفر، 10، 20، 30، 40 و 50 بوته در متر مربع)، فاکتورها بودند
بیشترین و کمترین میزان زیست توده سوروف به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای طارم هاشمی‌در تراکم 50 بوته سوروف و شیرودی در تراکم 10 بوته در متر مربع سوروف (به‌ترتیب 3/301 و 3/68 گرم در متر مربع) مشاهده شد. بیشترین و کمترین میزان عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک برنج، به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای رقم شیرودی در شرایط عاری از علف‌هرز و رقم حسنی در تداخل با تراکم 50 بوته سوروف در متر مربع مشاهده شد. میزان کاهش عملکرد دانه در شرایط تداخل با تراکم‌های بررسی شده علف‌هرز سوروف نسبت به عدم تداخل این علف‌هرز، 30-6/2، 8/18-2/3، 5/31-8/2 و 8/30-6/5 درصد، به‌ترتیب در ارقام طارم هاشمی، شیرودی، دیلمانی و حسنی بود.
برازش داده‌های عملکرد ارقام برنج در رقابت با تراکم‌های سوروف حکایت از توان رقابتی بسیار بالا برای رقم شیرودی نسبت به سایر ارقام بررسی شده داشت، لذا این رقم را می‌توان در شالیزارهای با سابقه آلودگی بالای علف‌هرز سوروف برای کشت توصیه نمود تا با استفاده از قدرت رقابتی بالاتر آن در برابر علف‌هرز سوروف سبب کاهش مصرف علفکش‌ها و به حداقل رساندن مضرات ناشی از مصرف آنها شد و گامی‌در جهت رسیدن به کشاورزی پایدار برداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of competitive ability of rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) in interference with barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sadegh Kavosi 1
  • Rahmat Abbasi 2
  • Hemmatollah Pirdashti 2
  • Faezeh Zaefarian 3
1 Agronomy, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
2 عضو هیات علمی
3 Department of agronomy, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted in order to investigate competitive ability of four rice cultivars in competition with in interference with barnyard grass.
A field experiment was conducted as a factorial arrangement based on RCBD with three replications in Babolsar. Factors included rice cultivar (Tarom Hashemi, Shiroudi, Deylamani and Hasani) and and barnyard grass density (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 plants m-2).
The highest and lowest amount of barnyard grass biomass was observed in Tarem Hashemi at a density of 50 plants m-2 and Shiroudi at a density of 10 plants m-2 (301.3 and 68.3 g m-2, respectively). The highest and lowest biological and seed yield of rice were observed in Shiroudi at weed-free conditions and Hasni in interference with the density of 50 plants m-2, respectively. The amount of decrease in grain yield in the conditions of interference with the investigated densities of barnyard grass compared to weed-free condition are 2.6-30, 3.2-18.8, 2.8-31.5 and 5.6-30.8%. , it was in Tarem Hashemi, Shiroudi, Deylamani and Hasni cultivars, respectively.
The rice yield data cultivars fitting in competition with barnyard grass densities indicated that Shiroudi cultivar had higher competitive ability than other cultivars. So this cultivar can be recommended for cultivation in paddy fields with a history of high sorghum weed infestation. The use of its higher competitive power against the weed of barnyard grass reduced the use of herbicides and minimized the harm caused by their use, and took a step towards achieving sustainable agriculture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biological yield
  • biomass
  • herbicide
  • sustainable agriculture
  • Weed density

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 2
مرداد 1403
صفحه 199-211

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