تأثیر منابع مختلف کود فسفره بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و زراعی سویا (Glycine max) رقم پارسا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

2 عضو هیات علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه یاسوج

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

4 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: وابستگی بیش از حد به مصرف کودهای شیمیایی جهت تولید محصولات کشاورزی امروزه منجر به مشکلات عمده زیست‌محیطی شده است. لذا جهت کاهش آلودگی خاک و هزینه تولید کودهای شیمیایی استفاده از کودهای زیستی ضروری می باشد. این تحقیق با هدف تعیین مقدار مناسب کود شیمیایی فسفره در ترکیب با کودهای زیستی سویا انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش: آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام گرفت. فاکتور اول شامل کاربرد کود شیمیایی فسفره (صفر،60، 120و 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار سوپرفسفات‌تریپل) و فاکتور دوم شامل کاربرد کود زیستی فسفره (شاهد، کود زیستی فسفاته به‌رشد، قارچ مایکوریزا، کود زیستی فسفاته به‌رشد + قارچ مایکوریزا بود.
یافته ها: افزایش کود شیمیایی فسفره از صفر تا 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار باعث افزایش معنی دار شاخص کلروفیل (17 درصد) ارتفاع بوته (5/8 درصد)، ، میزان نور جذب شده (6/1 درصد)، عملکرد بیولوژیک (24 درصد) و اجزائ عملکرد سویا شد. کودهای زیستی نیز افزایش معنی داری در صفات مذکور ایجاد نمود. برهمکنش کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی فسفره نیز بر شاخص سطح برگ و عملکرد دانه سویا معنی‌دار گردید و در هرسطح از مصرف کود شیمیایی بیشترین مقدار این صفات مربوط به کاربرد کود زیستی فسفاته به رشد+ قارچ مایکوریزا بود.
نتیجه گیری: با افزایش مصرف کود شیمیایی فسفره از کارایی کاربرد کودهای زیستی در بهبود عملکرد دانه سویا کاسته شد. لذا می‌توان اظهار داشت در راستای دستیابی به تولید پایدار سویا بایستی از ترکیب کودهای زیستی و مقادیر پایین تر کود شیمیایی فسفره بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different sources of phosphorus fertilizer on morphophysiological and agronomical traits of soybean (Glycine max cv. Parsa)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeb Jalalpour 1
  • alireza Yadavi 2
  • Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi 3
  • Hooshang Farajee 4
1 Agronomy and plant breeding Dept., Agricultural faculty, Yasouj university
2 Agronomy and plant breeding Dept., Agricultural faculty, Yasouj university
3 Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Yasouj, Iran
4 Agronomy and plant breeding Dept., Agricultural faculty, Yasouj university
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Excessive reliance on the use of chemical fertilizers to produce agricultural products today has led to major environmental problems. Therefore, in order to reduce the soil pollution and the cost of producing chemical fertilizers, it is necessary to use bio-fertilizers. This research was done to aim of determining the appropriate amount of phosphorus chemical fertilizer in combination with bio-fertilizers for soybean.
Material and Methods: The experiment was conducted as a factorial base of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The first factor included the application of phosphorus chemical fertilizer (zero, 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha triple superphosphate) and the second factor included the application of phosphorus bio-fertilizer (control, Behroshd bio-fertilizer, mycorrhiza and Behroshd bio-fertilizer + mycorrhiza)
Results: The increase of phosphorus chemical fertilizer from zero to 180 kg/ha increased chlorophyll index (17%), plant height (8.5%) percentage of absorbed light (1.6%), biological yield (24%) and yield components of soybean significantly. The use of biological fertilizers also caused a significant increase in the mentioned traits. The interaction effect of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizers was significant on the leaf area index and soybean yield, so that at each level of chemical fertilizer use, the highest of these traits was related to the application of Behroshd bio-fertilizer + mycorrhizal.
Conclusion: Increasing of phosphorus chemical fertilizer, reduce the bio-fertilizers application efficiency in soybeans yield improving. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable soybean production, the combination of biological fertilizers and lower amounts of chemical fertilizers should be used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Behroshd bio-fertilizer
  • mycorrhiza
  • number of seeds in pod
  • oil percentage
  • plant height

مراجع

Abbasdokht H, Salmanzadeh S and Gholami A. 2015. The comparison of qualitative and quantitative of soybean (Glycine max L.) affected by double inoculation with Barvar-2 and Rhizobium japonicum bacteria at hydro- osmo priming condition. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Sciences. 46(4): 569-581. (In Persian). https:// doi.org/10.22059/IJFCS.2015.56807
Abera A. 2018. Effect of different phosphorus rates to soybean (Glycine max (L.) merril) varieties in yayo district ilobabor zone, southwestern Ethiopia. International Journal of Development Research. 8(9): 22907-22918.
Aboutalebian, MA and Elahi M. 2016. Evaluation of changes in some physiological indices of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) affected by on-farm seed priming and bio-fertilizers at different phosphorus levels. Journal of Crop Production and Processing. 6(20): 25-39. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 10.18869/acadpub.jcpp.6.20.25
Aboutalebian MA and Malmir M. 2017. Soybean yield and yield components affected by the mycorrhiza and bradyrhizobium at different rates of starter nitrogen fertilizer. Semina: Ciencias Agrarias. 38(4): 2409-2418. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4Supl1p2409
Ahmadi K, Ebadzadeh, HR, Hatami F, Mohammadnia Afrozi S, Esfandiaripour A and Abbas Taleghani R. 2021. Statistics of agricultural crops. Economic Deputy of the Ministry of Jihad, Agriculture, Planning Center for Communication and Information Technology. Volume 1. Page 97. (In Persian).
Alipour S, Moradi Rekat MR, Siadat A, Mousavi H and Karmala Chab A. 2015. Effect of planting date and phosphorus fertilizer surface on the morphological characteristics and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Iranian Journal of Pulses Reseach. 7(2): 45-58. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22067/IJPR.V7I2.43382
Arif M, Ahmed W, Ul-Haq T, Jamshid U, Imran M and Ahmed Sh. 2018. Effect of rock phosphate based compost and biofertilizer on uptake of nutrients, nutrient use efficiency and yield of cotton. Soil and Environment. 37(2): 129-135. https://doi.org/10.25252/SE/18/61580
Besharati H. 2022. Plant growth-promoting bacteria and their application in agriculture. Journal of Soil Biology. 10(2): 135-163.  (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22092/SBJ.2022.342121.191
Beyranvand H, Farnia A, Nakhjavan Sh and Shaban M. 2013. Response of yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) to different biofertilizers. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 1(9): 1068-1077.
Borham A, Belal E, Metwaly M and El-Gremy Sh. 2017. Phosphate solubilization by enterobacter cloacase and its impact on grpwth and yield of wheat plants. Journal of Sustainabe Agricultural Sciences. 43(2): 89-103. https://doi.org/10.21608/JSAS.2017.1035.1004
Boomsma CR and Vyn TJ. 2008. Maize drought tolerance: potential improvements through arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Field Crops Research. 108: 14-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.03.002
Dahestani-Ardakani M, Mohasedat Z and Kamali K. 2017. Study the effects of mychorryisa fungus on vegetative growth and nutrient uptake in three apple cultivars ('Red delicious', Golden deliciou's and Starking'). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 8(30): 192-204. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 20.1001.1.20085958.1396.9.30.17.1
Dorostkar N and Pirzad A. 2017. Effect of mycorrhizae species on the quantitative and qualitative charachteristics of soybean (Glycine max L.) under different irrigation systems. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 12(1): 57-74. (In Persian).
Ehsaninejad A, Abbaspour A, Asghari HR and Samadloui HR. 2014. The effect of phosphate solubilizing fungus (Aspergillus niger) on soil phosphorus solubility and growth characteristics of corn plants. Master's thesis in the field of agriculture, Department of Water and Soil, Shahrood University of Technology. 108 pages. (In Persian).
Ghasem Beglou M, Sedghi M, Seyed Sharifi R and Farzaneh S. 2021. The effect of biofertilizers on grain yield and yield components of pea (Pisum sativum L.) under different levels of irrigation. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 31(3): 169-180. (In Persian).  https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.22034/SAPS.2021.43011.2583
Izadi Darbandi A, Nabati J, Nezami A and Esqueian A. 2018. Effect of biological fertilizers and different weed control methods on improvement of growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.). Journal of Soil Biology. 7(2): 195-210. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22092/SBJ.2019.122083.136
Jahan M, Aryaei M, Amiri MB and Ehyaei HR. 2013. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Sesamum indicum L. with application of cover crops of Lathyrus sp. and Persian clover (Trifolium resopinatum L.). Journal of Agroecology. 5(1): 1-15. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22067/JAG.V5I1.21253
Kazemalilou S, Najafi N, Reyhanitabar A and Ghaffari M. 2017. Effects of integrated application of phosphorus fertilizer and sewage sludge on leaf chlorophyll index and some growth characteristics of sunflower under water deficit conditions. Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production. 7(4): 1-18. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22069/EJSMS.2018.12197.1693
Keyani AR, Kamali MA and Abbasi F. 2022. Investigation of soybean irrigation water productivity in farms of golestan province. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage. 1(16): 69-82. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 20.1001.1.20087942.1401.16.1.6.3
Kouchaki AR, Rouhi A and Noorbakhsh F. 2015. The effect of biological fertilizers on yield, yield components and seed oil contents of three cultivars of canola (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Agoecology. 7(2): 168-178. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22067/JAG.V7I2.50226
Mahanta D, Rai RK, Dhar S, Varghese E, Raja A and Purakayasth TJ. 2018. Modification of root properties with phosphate solubilizing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhiza to reduce rock phosphate application in soybean-wheat cropping system. Ecological Engineering. 111: 31-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.11.008
Majid M, Ali M, Shahzad Kh, Ahmad F, Ikram RM, Ishtiaq M, Alaraidh IA, Al-hashemi A, Ali HM, Zarei T, Datta R, Fahad Sh, El-Sabagh A, Hussain GS, Salem MZM, Rahman MH and Danish S. 2020. Mitigation of Osmotic Stress in Cotton for the Improvement in Growth and Yield through Inoculation of Rhizobacteria and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Coated Diammonium Phosphate. Sustainability. 12(24): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410456
Maniaji B and Matinde TW. 2018. Effect of phosphorus fertilizer levels and plant density on growth and yield of finger millet in kuria west sub-county. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 8(2): 97-115.
Matusso JMM and Cabo FGD. 2015. Response of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) to phosphorus fertilizer rates in ferralsols. Academic research journal of agricultural science and research. 3(10): 281-288. https://doi.org/10.14662/ARJASR2015.057
Mirzashahi K, Moaieri M and Noorgholipour F. 2020. Yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars in response to phosphorus application and its efficiency indices. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 18(4): 477-488. (In Persian).  10.22067/JCESC.2021.37185.0
Nacoon S, Jogloy S, Riddech N, Mongkolthanaruk W, Kuyoer TW and Boonlue S. 2020. Interaction between phosphate solubilizing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth promotion and tuber lnulin content of Helianthus tuberosus L. Scientific Reports. 10. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61846-x
Nair R, Pandey SK and Jyothsna J. 2021. Growth and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) in response to different levels of phosphorus and biofertilizer (rhizobium and PSB) under kymore plateau and satpura hill agro-climatic zone of Madhya Pradesh. The Pharma Innovation Journal. 10(1): 419-422. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.20437.55523
Saeedi M, Naserieh B, Khormivafa M, Sharifi R and Khoshkhoi S. 2021. The effect of different methods of seed pretreatment on agronomic characteristics of flaxseed under post flowering drought stress in Kermanshah region. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 31(3): 227-247.  (In Persian).  https://doi.org/10.22034/SAPS.2021.39483.2479
Nasrullahzadeh Asl A, Jalili F and Valizadegan A. 2014. The impact of nitrogen (nitroxin) and phosphorus (fertile phosphate 2) biofertilizers on the yield and percentage of sesame oil. Journal of Research in Crop Sciences. 6(24): 97-112. (In Persian).
Nget R, Aguilar EA, Cruz PCS, Reano CE, Sanchez PB, Reyes MR and Prasad PVV. 2022. Responses of soybean genotypes to different nitrogen and phosphorus source: impacts on yield components, seed yield and seed protein. Journal of Plants. 11. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11030298
Pramanik K and Bera AK. 2013. Effect of biofertilizers and phytohormone on growth, productivity and quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Journal of Crop and Weed. 9(2): 122-127.
Rahimi N, Jalilian J, Pirzad AR and Gholinejad A. 2020. Evaluation of grain and oil yield changes of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) as affected by bio-fertilizers and supplementary irrigation. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 12(41): 41-52. (In Persian).
Rezapour Koishahi T, Ansari MH and Mostafavi Rad M. 2014. Effects of some phosphorus solubilizing bacteria strains on yield and agronomic traits in local bean of Guilan under different phosphate fertilizer rates. Journal of Crops Improvement 17(3): 801-814. (In Persian).  https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2015.54387
Sadeghi F and Aboutalebian MA. 2019. Response of seed and oil yields and phosphorus agronomic efficiency of soybean to simultaneous placement of nitrogen with phosphorus under drought stress. Journal of Crop Production and Processing. 9(3): 191-204. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.47176/jcpp.9.3.26305
Sarikhani MR, Malboobi MA and Ebrahimi M. 2014. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria: Isolation of Bacteria and Phosphate Solubilizing Genes, Mechanism and Genetics of Phosphate Solubilization. Agricultural Biotechnology Journal. 6(1): 77-110. (In Persian).
Sheteiwy MS, Fathi DIA, Xiong YC, Brestic M, Skalicky M, Hamood YA, Ulhassan Z, Shaghaleh H, Abdelgawad H, Farooq M, Sharma A and El-sawah MA. 2021. Physiological and biochemical responses of soybean plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bradyrhizobium under drought stress. BMC Plant Biology. 21. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-02949-z.
Shiri Janagard M, Raei Y, Gasemi-Golezani K and Aliasgarzad N. 2013. Soybean response to biological and chemical fertilizers. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 5(3): 261-266.
Shiri Janagard M, Kamrani M, Hokm Alipour S and Raei Y. 2018. Improving soybean (glycine max L.) growth and yield by integrated mineral and biofertilizers management. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 28(1): 19-35. (In Persian).
Shojaian Kish F, Yadavi AR, Salehi A and Movahedi Dehnavi M. 2018. Assessment of agronomical traits and photosynthesis pigments of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L. cv. Norman) under irrigation cut-off condition and application of mycorrhiza fungi and phosphate bio fertilizer in Yasouj. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 29(4): 65-81. (In Persian).
Singh R, Singh P, Singh V and Yadav RA. 2018. Effect of phosphorus and PSB on growth parameters, yield, quality and economics of summer greengram (Vigna radiata L.). International Journal of Chemical Studies. 6(4): 2798-2803. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.32764.26240
Singh S, Thenua OVS and Singh V. 2018. Effect of phosphorus and Sulphur fertilization on yield and quality of mustard and chickpea in intercropping system under different soil moisture regimes. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 7(2): 1520-1524.
Spagnoletti F. and Lavado R. S. 2015. The arbuscular mycorrhiza rhizophagus intraradices reduces the negative effects of arsenic on soybean plants. Agronomy, 5(2), 188-199. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy5020188
Suryantini and Rahmiana AA. 2021. Effectiveness of plant growth promoting microrganism as biofertilizer for soybeans under oil palm plantations on tidal land. IOP conf. series: Earth and Environmental Science. 743: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/743/1/012022
Tanhaei R, Yadavi AR, Movahedi Dehnavi M and Salehi A. 2017. Effects of mycorrhizal fungi and biofertilizer on yield and yield components of red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in drought stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 28(3): 277-291. (In Persian).
Tulukcu E and Dan baba KT. 2019. The effect of microbial fertilization and phosphorus doses on the chlorophyll content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L). European journal of Science and Technology. (16): 374-381. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.544457
Vojdani Aram S, Ahmadvand G and Hajinia S. 2018. The effect of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers on radiation use efficiency, P concentration and yield of wheat cultivar (Pishgam). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 12(2): 171-190. (In Persian).
Yasari A. 2013. Evaluation of the effects of phosphate solubilizing bacteria as biofertilizers and the mineral phosphorous on growth and yield of the Tellar cultivar of soybean (Glycine max Merrill) in the north of Iran. Journal of Applied Research of Plant Ecophysiology. 1(1): 1-18. (In Persian).  http://arpe.gonbad.ac.ir/article-1-25-en.html
Yousefipour M, Lak Sh and Payandeh Kh. 2020. Evaluation of the combined effect of biological and chemical phosphorous fertilizers and micronutrient on seed and protein yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 13(1):103-120. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30495/jcep.2019.664840
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 2
مرداد 1403
صفحه 137-154

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار