تأثیر منابع مختلف کود فسفره بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و زراعی سویا (Glycine max) رقم پارسا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

2 عضو هیات علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه یاسوج

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

4 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج

10.22034/saps.2023.55269.2994

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: وابستگی بیش از حد به مصرف کودهای شیمیایی جهت تولید محصولات کشاورزی امروزه منجر به مشکلات عمده زیست‌محیطی شده است. لذا جهت کاهش آلودگی خاک و هزینه تولید کودهای شیمیایی استفاده از کودهای زیستی ضروری می باشد. این تحقیق با هدف تعیین مقدار مناسب کود شیمیایی فسفره در ترکیب با کودهای زیستی سویا انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش: آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام گرفت. فاکتور اول شامل کاربرد کود شیمیایی فسفره (صفر،60، 120و 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار سوپرفسفات‌تریپل) و فاکتور دوم شامل کاربرد کود زیستی فسفره (شاهد، کود زیستی فسفاته به‌رشد، قارچ مایکوریزا، کود زیستی فسفاته به‌رشد + قارچ مایکوریزا بود.
یافته ها: افزایش کود شیمیایی فسفره از صفر تا 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار باعث افزایش معنی دار شاخص کلروفیل (17 درصد) ارتفاع بوته (5/8 درصد)، ، میزان نور جذب شده (6/1 درصد)، عملکرد بیولوژیک (24 درصد) و اجزائ عملکرد سویا شد. کودهای زیستی نیز افزایش معنی داری در صفات مذکور ایجاد نمود. برهمکنش کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی فسفره نیز بر شاخص سطح برگ و عملکرد دانه سویا معنی‌دار گردید و در هرسطح از مصرف کود شیمیایی بیشترین مقدار این صفات مربوط به کاربرد کود زیستی فسفاته به رشد+ قارچ مایکوریزا بود.
نتیجه گیری: با افزایش مصرف کود شیمیایی فسفره از کارایی کاربرد کودهای زیستی در بهبود عملکرد دانه سویا کاسته شد. لذا می‌توان اظهار داشت در راستای دستیابی به تولید پایدار سویا بایستی از ترکیب کودهای زیستی و مقادیر پایین تر کود شیمیایی فسفره بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different sources of phosphorus fertilizer on morphophysiological and agronomical traits of soybean (Glycine max cv. Parsa)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeb Jalalpour 1
  • alireza Yadavi 2
  • Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi 3
  • Hooshang Farajee 4
1 Agronomy and plant breeding Dept., Agricultural faculty, Yasouj university
2 Agronomy and plant breeding Dept., Agricultural faculty, Yasouj university
3 Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Yasouj, Iran
4 Agronomy and plant breeding Dept., Agricultural faculty, Yasouj university
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Excessive reliance on the use of chemical fertilizers to produce agricultural products today has led to major environmental problems. Therefore, in order to reduce the soil pollution and the cost of producing chemical fertilizers, it is necessary to use bio-fertilizers. This research was done to aim of determining the appropriate amount of phosphorus chemical fertilizer in combination with bio-fertilizers for soybean.
Material and Methods: The experiment was conducted as a factorial base of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The first factor included the application of phosphorus chemical fertilizer (zero, 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha triple superphosphate) and the second factor included the application of phosphorus bio-fertilizer (control, Behroshd bio-fertilizer, mycorrhiza and Behroshd bio-fertilizer + mycorrhiza)
Results: The increase of phosphorus chemical fertilizer from zero to 180 kg/ha increased chlorophyll index (17%), plant height (8.5%) percentage of absorbed light (1.6%), biological yield (24%) and yield components of soybean significantly. The use of biological fertilizers also caused a significant increase in the mentioned traits. The interaction effect of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizers was significant on the leaf area index and soybean yield, so that at each level of chemical fertilizer use, the highest of these traits was related to the application of Behroshd bio-fertilizer + mycorrhizal.
Conclusion: Increasing of phosphorus chemical fertilizer, reduce the bio-fertilizers application efficiency in soybeans yield improving. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable soybean production, the combination of biological fertilizers and lower amounts of chemical fertilizers should be used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Behroshd bio-fertilizer
  • mycorrhiza
  • number of seeds in pod
  • oil percentage
  • plant height

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 2
مرداد 1403
صفحه 137-154

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