تغییرات عملکرد علوفه خشک در یونجه همدانی (Medicago sativa) در ارتباط با سطوح مختلف تراکم کاشت و زمان برداشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی کشاورزی (اصلاح نباتات و ژنتیک)، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/saps.2023.55948.3017

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی اثر تراکم کشت و مرحله برداشت بر تولید علوفه خشک در یونجه، آزمایشی طی دو سال زراعی 1397-1396 و 1398-1397 در دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان به اجرا درآمد.آزمایش به صورت کرت های خرد شده نواری با طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار انجام شد.عامل تراکم کاشت در سه سطح و عامل زمان برداشت علوفه در چهار مرحله فنولوژیکی مطالعه شدند.نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که برداشت علوفه در مرحله 10 درصد گلدهی منجر به افزایش معنی دار عملکرد علوفه خشک در چین اول و چین دوم و عملکرد علوفه سالیانه در مجوع دو سال گردید.نتایج مقایسه میانگین اثر متقابل تراکم کشت و تاریخ برداشت علوفه در سال اول نشان داد که افزایش فاصله ردیف به 50 و 60 سانتیمتر و برداشت علوفه در مرحله 10 درصد و 50 درصد گلدهی منجر به افزایش معنی دار عملکرد علوفه خشک در چین دوم و عملکرد علوفه سالیانه گردید.در این مطالعه در هر دو سال آزمایش تأخیر در زمان برداشت علوفه منجر به افزایش معنی دار ارتفاع بوته گردید.برداشت در اوایل دوره گلدهی منجر به افزایش معنی دار ارتفاع کانوپی نسبت به برداشت در مرحله اوایل
غنچه دهی می گردد.کاهش تراکم کشت از طریق افزایش فاصله ردیف به 50 و 60 سانتیمتر و نیز برداشت علوفه در مرحله 50 درصد گلدهی منجر به افزایش معنی دار عملکرد علوفه خشک در چین اول گردید.بنابراین کشت با تراکم کمتر و تأخیر در زمان برداشت علوفه تا 50 درصد گلدهی،با هدف افزایش عملکرد علوفه خشک سالیانه توصیه می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Changes in Dry Forage Yield in Hamedani Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in Relation to Different Levels of Planting Density and Harvest Time

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Kakaei 1
  • Hojatolah Mazahery Laghab 2
  • Saiedeh Salavati 3
1 Associated professor, Departement of Agriculture (Genetic and Plant Breeding), Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associated professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
3 Assistant professor Departement of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of planting density and harvest stage on dry forage production in alfalfa, an experiment was performed during cropping years2017-2018and2018-2019 in BuAliSina University of Hamadan.The experiment was performed as strip split plots design with randomized complete block design(RCBD)in four replicates.We studied planting density at three levels and forage harvesting time at four phenological stages.The results of the mean comparison showed that forage harvest at 10% flowering stage led to a significant increase in dry forage yield in the first and second croppings and annual forage yield in the two years of the experiment.The results of mean comparison of interactions between planting density and forage harvest date in the first year of the experiment showed that increasing row spacing to 50 and 60 cm and forage harvest at 10% and 50% flowering stage led to a significant increase in dry forage yield in the second cropping and annual forage yield.In this study in both years of the experiment, the delay in the forage harvest time led to a significant increase in the plant height. Harvesting at early flowering stage leads to a significant increase in the canopy height compared to harvesting at early budding stage.Reducing crop density through increasing row spacing to 50 and 60 cm and harvesting forage at 50% flowering stage led to a significant increase in dry forage yield of first harvest.Therefore lower density planting and delay in forage harvest time up to 50% flowering is suggested aimed to increase the annual dry forage yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Two year yield
  • harvest
  • processing stage
  • row spacing
  • seed weight

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 2
مرداد 1403
صفحه 247-257

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