سنجش پایداری بوم‌نظام‌های تولید هندوانه و انواع خربزه براساس تحلیل امرژی و اقتصادی در منطقه سیستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی ، پژوهشکده کشاورزی پژوهشگاه زابل

2 دانشگاه زابل

3 استادیار گروه زراعت، پژوهشکده کشاورزی، پژوهشگاه زابل

4 دانشجوی دکتری آگروتکنولوژی- گرایش فیزیولوژی ، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه زابل

10.22034/saps.2023.54917.2969

چکیده

اهداف: کشت‌های جالیزی در ثبات و تعادل اکوسیستم زراعی منطقه سیستان نقش به سزایی دارد. با عنایت به اهمیت غذایی، اقتصادی و اشتغال‎زایی بررسی این بوم نظام‎ها حائز اهمیت می‎باشد.
مواد و روش‎ها: در این مطالعه، پنج نظام تولید محصولات جالیزی شامل قندک، سفیدک، پشمک، هندوانه و خربزه در سطح منطقه سیستان، با استفاده از شاخص‎های امرژی و اقتصادی، ارزیابی شد. اطلاعات این پژوهش با استفاده از پرسش‎نامه و اندازه‎گیری‎های میدانی از 45 مزرعه برای قندک، 53 مزرعه برای سفیدک، 37 مزرعه برای پشمک، 60 مزرعه برای هندوانه و 82 مزرعه برای خربزه جمع‎آوری شد.
یافته‎ها: کل انرژی حمایت‌کننده نظام‎های تولید قندک، سفیدک، پشمک، هندوانه و خربزه به ترتیب 1016×83/5، 1016×56/5، 1016×45/3، 1016×48/6 و 1016×83/5 ام‎ژول خورشیدی در هکتار در سال تخمین زده شد. در مطالعه حاضر درصد تجدیدپذیری امرژی (R%) نظام‌های تولید قندک، سفیدک، پشمک، هندوانه و خربزه به ترتیب 40/3، 57/3، 21/5، 06/3 و 40/3 درصد محاسبه شد. بزرگ‎تر بودن R% در نظام تولید پشمک نسبت به سایر نظام‎ها به دلیل سهم زیاد استفاده از کود آلی می‎باشد. در این مطالعه کمترین میزان تجدیدپذیری محیطی بین پنج نظام، مربوط به نظام هندوانه بود که نشان می‎دهد در این نظام درصد بالایی از امرژی مورداستفاده به منابع تجدیدناپذیر محیطی وابسته است.
نتیجه‎گیری: پایداری اکولوژیکی نظام تولید هندوانه بیشتر از سایر نظام‎های موردمطالعه می‎باشد، همچنین ارزیابی‎های انجام شده بر اساس محاسبه 13 شاخص امرژی و اقتصادی حاکی از آن است که جلوگیری از فرسایش و کاهش کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی می‎تواند در پایداری اکولوژیکی این نظام‎ها مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Sustainability of Watermelon and Melon Production Ecosystems based on Emergy and Economic Analysis in Sistan Region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Mirshekari 1
  • Mohammad Reza Asgharipour 2
  • zahra ghafarimoghadam 3
  • Seyed Abolfazl Hashemi 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Institute, Zabul Research Institute
2 University of ZabolProf., Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Agriculture Institute, Research Institute of zabol, Zabol, Iran
4 PhD Student, Unit of Agrotechnology-Physiology major,Dept. of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Kitchen garden crops are really important in the stability and balance of the agricultural ecosystem of the Sistan region. Regarding the significance of food, economy, and job creation, it is vital to study these ecosystems.
five production systems of kitchen garden products, including gandak, sefidak, pashmak, watermelon, and melon, were evaluated in the Sistan region, using emergy and economic indicators. The research data was collected via questionnaires and field measurements from 45farms for gandak, 53farms for sefidak, 37farms for pashmak, 60farms for watermelon, and 82 farms for melon.
The total supporting emergy of gandak, sefidak, pashmak, watermelon, and melon production systems were estimated as 5.83×1016, 5.56×1016, 3.45×1016, 6.48×1016, and 5.83×1016 MJ of solar emergy per hectare per year, respectively. the emergy renewability percentage (R%) of the gandak, sefidak, pashmak, watermelon, and melon production systems was calculated as 3.40, 3.57, 5.21, 3.06, and 3.40%, respectively. The higher R% in the pashmak production system compared to other systems is related to the large share of organic fertilizer use. The lowest amount of environmental renewability among the five systems was related to the watermelon system, which shows that in this system, a high percentage of emergy used is dependent on non-renewable environmental resources.
The ecological sustainability of the watermelon production system is more than the other studied systems, and the assessments based on the calculation of 13 emergy and economic indicators designate that stopping erosion and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers can be effective in the ecological stability of these systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Integrated analysis
  • Sistan
  • Sustainability assessment
  • Resource use efficiency
  • Profit
  • Production system
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