ارزیابی کمیت و کیفیت روغن کاملینا (Camelina sativa L.) با کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی در دورهای مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیأت علمی دانشگاه مراغه

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

3 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات- دانشگاه مراغه

4 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه مراغه

10.22034/saps.2023.55044.2978

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: به منظور کاهش استفاده از نهاده‌های شیمیایی در سیستم‌های کشاورزی پایدار، پژوهشی با هدف بررسی اثرات کاربرد جداگانه و تلفیقی کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی و دورهای مختلف آبیاری بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی کاملینا (Camelina sativa L.) اجرا شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 18 تیمار و سه تکرار در شهرستان سقز در سال 1401 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی، دورهای مختلف آبیاری در سه سطح، عدم آبیاری (شرایط دیم)، آّبیاری پس از 10 و 20 روز بود. همچنین، فاکتور فرعی منابع مختلف کودی در شش سطح عدم مصرف کود (شاهد)، کود زیستی، 100 درصد کود شیمیایی، کود زیستی+ 25 درصد کود شیمیایی، کود زیستی+ 50 درصد کود شیمیایی و کود زیستی+ 75 درصد کود شیمیایی می‌باشد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد بیشترین (81/457 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کمترین (29/186 کیلوگرم در هکتار) میزان عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح به ترتیب در دور آبیاری 10 روز با کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی+ 75 درصد کود شیمیایی و عدم آبیاری بدون مصرف کود حاصل شد. بیشترین درصد (88/37 درصد) و عملکرد روغن در دور آبیاری 10 روز با کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی+ 75 درصد کود شیمیایی حاصل شد. آنالیز شیمیایی روغن کاملینا نشان داد که اسیدهای چرب غالب موجود در روغن این گیاه شامل لینولنیک اسید ، لینولئیک اسید ، اولئیک اسید و ایکوزنوئیک اسید می‌باشد. بیشترین میزان اولئیک، لینولئیک و لینولنیک اسید در دور آبیاری 10 روز با کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی+ 75 درصد کود شیمیایی بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of quantity and quality of Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) with integrative application of Bio-fertilizers and chemical fertilizers in different irrigation intervals

نویسندگان [English]

  • abdollah javanmard 1
  • mustafa rashidi 2
  • farborz shekari 3
  • Mostafa Amani Machiani 4
2 M.Sc student of Agroecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh
3 Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh
4 Ph.D student of agronomy
چکیده [English]

In order to decreasing the chemical fertilizer application in low-input and sustainable agricultural systems, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different irrigation intervals along with separately and integrative application of chemical and biofertilizer on the quantity and quality of camelina (Camelina sativa L.).
Material and methods
The study was carried out as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 18 treatments and three replications at the Saqez city, Iran in 2022 growing season. The main factor was three irrigation intervals including without irrigation (rainfed conditions), irrigation after 10 and 20 days. Also, the sub-factor was different fertilizer sources including non-application (control), 100%chemical fertilizer, biofertilizer, biofertilizer+ 25% chmical fertilizer, biofertilizer+ 50% chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer+75% chemical fertilizer.
Results
The results demonstrated that the highest (457.81 kg ha-1) and lowest (186.29 kg ha-1) seed yield of camelina was obtained in 10 days’ interval irrigation following integrative application of biofertilizer+ 75% chemical fertilizer and rianfed conditions without fertilization. The highest oil content (37.88%) and oil yield (173.65 kg ha-1) was observed in 10 days’ interval irrigation following integrative application of biofertilizer+ 75% chemical fertilizer. The chemical analysis showed that linolenic (30.59-34.58%), linoleic (16.92-19.29%), oleic (14.16-17.36%) and eicosenoic acid (8.93-11.76%) were the main fatty acids compounds of camelina oil. The maximum content of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids obtained in in 10 days’ interval irrigation following integrative application of biofertilizer+ 75% chemical fertilizer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio-fertilizer
  • Drought stress
  • Oil-seed crops
  • Oleic acid
  • Sustainable agriculture
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