ارزیابی کمیت و کیفیت روغن کاملینا (Camelina sativa L.) با کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی در دورهای مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیأت علمی دانشگاه مراغه

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

3 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات- دانشگاه مراغه

4 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: به منظور کاهش استفاده از نهاده‌های شیمیایی در سیستم‌های کشاورزی پایدار، پژوهشی با هدف بررسی اثرات کاربرد جداگانه و تلفیقی کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی و دورهای مختلف آبیاری بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی کاملینا (Camelina sativa L.) اجرا شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 18 تیمار و سه تکرار در شهرستان سقز در سال 1401 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی، دورهای مختلف آبیاری در سه سطح، عدم آبیاری (شرایط دیم)، آّبیاری پس از 10 و 20 روز بود. همچنین، فاکتور فرعی منابع مختلف کودی در شش سطح عدم مصرف کود (شاهد)، کود زیستی، 100 درصد کود شیمیایی، کود زیستی+ 25 درصد کود شیمیایی، کود زیستی+ 50 درصد کود شیمیایی و کود زیستی+ 75 درصد کود شیمیایی می‌باشد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد بیشترین (81/457 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کمترین (29/186 کیلوگرم در هکتار) میزان عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح به ترتیب در دور آبیاری 10 روز با کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی+ 75 درصد کود شیمیایی و عدم آبیاری بدون مصرف کود حاصل شد. بیشترین درصد (88/37 درصد) و عملکرد روغن در دور آبیاری 10 روز با کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی+ 75 درصد کود شیمیایی حاصل شد. آنالیز شیمیایی روغن کاملینا نشان داد که اسیدهای چرب غالب موجود در روغن این گیاه شامل لینولنیک اسید ، لینولئیک اسید ، اولئیک اسید و ایکوزنوئیک اسید می‌باشد. بیشترین میزان اولئیک، لینولئیک و لینولنیک اسید در دور آبیاری 10 روز با کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی+ 75 درصد کود شیمیایی بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of quantity and quality of Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) with integrative application of Bio-fertilizers and chemical fertilizers in different irrigation intervals

نویسندگان [English]

  • abdollah javanmard 1
  • mustafa rashidi 2
  • farborz shekari 3
  • Mostafa Amani Machiani 4
2 M.Sc student of Agroecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh
3 Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh
4 Ph.D student of agronomy
چکیده [English]

In order to decreasing the chemical fertilizer application in low-input and sustainable agricultural systems, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different irrigation intervals along with separately and integrative application of chemical and biofertilizer on the quantity and quality of camelina (Camelina sativa L.).
Material and methods
The study was carried out as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 18 treatments and three replications at the Saqez city, Iran in 2022 growing season. The main factor was three irrigation intervals including without irrigation (rainfed conditions), irrigation after 10 and 20 days. Also, the sub-factor was different fertilizer sources including non-application (control), 100%chemical fertilizer, biofertilizer, biofertilizer+ 25% chmical fertilizer, biofertilizer+ 50% chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer+75% chemical fertilizer.
Results
The results demonstrated that the highest (457.81 kg ha-1) and lowest (186.29 kg ha-1) seed yield of camelina was obtained in 10 days’ interval irrigation following integrative application of biofertilizer+ 75% chemical fertilizer and rianfed conditions without fertilization. The highest oil content (37.88%) and oil yield (173.65 kg ha-1) was observed in 10 days’ interval irrigation following integrative application of biofertilizer+ 75% chemical fertilizer. The chemical analysis showed that linolenic (30.59-34.58%), linoleic (16.92-19.29%), oleic (14.16-17.36%) and eicosenoic acid (8.93-11.76%) were the main fatty acids compounds of camelina oil. The maximum content of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids obtained in in 10 days’ interval irrigation following integrative application of biofertilizer+ 75% chemical fertilizer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio-fertilizer
  • Drought stress
  • Oil-seed crops
  • Oleic acid
  • Sustainable agriculture
Aghdasi S, AghaAlikhani M, Modarres-Sanavy SAM and Kahrizi D. 2021. Exogenously used boron and 24-epibrassinolide improved oil quality and mitigate late-season water deficit stress in camelina. Industrial Crops and Products, 171: 113885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113885
Ahmadian K, Jalilian J and Pirzad A. 2021. Nano-fertilizers improved drought tolerance in wheat under deficit irrigation. Agriculture Water Management, 244: 106544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106544
Amani Machiani M, Javanmard A, Morshedloo MR, Janmohammadi M and Maggi F. 2021. Funneliformis mosseae application improves the oil quantity and quality and eco-physiological characteristics of soybean (Glycine max L.) under water stress conditions. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 21: 3076–3090. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-021-00590-1
Bellaloui N, Mengistu A and Kassem, MA. 2013. Effects of Genetics and Environment on Fatty Acid Stability in Soybean Seed. Food Science and Nutrition, 4: 165-175. https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2013.49A1024
Berti M, Gesch R, Eynck C, Anderson J and Cermak S. 2016. Camelina uses, genetics, genomics, production,
and management. Industrial Crops and Products, 94: 690-710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.09.034
Biglari T, Maleksaeidi H, Eskandari F and Jalali M. 2019. Livestock insurance as a mechanism for household resilience of livestock herders to climate change: Evidence from Iran. Land Use Policy, 87: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104043
Ebrahimian E, Seyyedi SM, Bybordi A and Damalas CA. 2019. Seed yield and oil quality of sunflower, safflower, and sesame under different levels of irrigation water availability. Agriculture Water Management, 218: 149-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.03.031
El Sabagh A, Hossain A, Barutçular C, Gormus O, Ahmad Z, Hussain S, Islam MS, Alharby H, Bamagoos A, Kumar N, Akdeniz H, Fahad S, Meena RS, Abdelhamid M, Wasaya A, Hasanuzzaman M, Sorour S and Saneoka H. 2019. Effects of drought stress on the quality of major oilseed crops: Implications and possible mitigation strategies - A review. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(2): 4019-4043. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1702_40194043
Ergönül P and Özbek Z. 2020. Cold pressed camelina (Camelina sativa L.) seed oil, In Ramadan, M.F. (Ed.), Cold Pressed Oils., pp. 255–266. Academic Press. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-818188-1.00021-9
Gao J, Hao X, Thelen KD and Robertson GP. 2009. Agronomic management system and precipitation effects on soybean oil and fatty acid profiles. Crop Science, 49: 1049-1057. DOI:10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0497
Gao S, Wang Y, Yu S, Huang Y, Liu H, Chen W and He X. 2020. Effects of drought stress on growth, physiology and secondary metabolites of Two Adonis species in Northeast China. Scientia Horticulturae, 259: 108795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108795
Gholinezhad E, Aynaband A, Hassanzadeh Ghorthapeh A, Noormohamadi G and Bernousi I. 2009. Study of the Effect of Drought Stress on Yield, Yield Components and Harvest Index of Sunflower Hybrid Iroflor at Different Levels of Nitrogen and Plant Population. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 37(2): 85-94. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha3723255
Ghaderimokri L, Rezaei-Chiyaneh E, Ghiyasi M, Gheshlaghi M, Battaglia ML and Siddique KHM. 2022. Application of humic acid and biofertilizers changes oil and phenolic compounds of fennel and fenugreek in intercropping systems. Scientific Reports, 12: 5946. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09645-4
Jankowski KJ, Sokolski M and Kordan B. 2019. Camelina: Yield and quality response to nitrogen and sulfur fertilization in Poland. Industrial Crops and Products, 141: 111776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111776
Manavalan LP, Guttikonda SK, Phan Tran LS and Nguyen HT. 2009. Physiological and molecular approaches to improve drought resistance in soybean. Plant and Cell Physiology, 50(7): 1260–1276. DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcp082
Matsura A and Ping A. 2020. Factors related water and dry matter during pre- and post- heading in four millet species under severe water deficit. Plant Production Science, 23(1): 28-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2019.1698969
Mohammadi M, Modarres-Sanavy SAM, Pirdashti H, Zand B and Tahmasebi-Sarvestani Z. 2018. How to change the ratio of unsaturated (omega 3, 6, 7 and 9) to saturated fatty acids in Oenothera biennis L. oil under water deficit stress, fertilizers and geographical zones. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 133: 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.10.024
Moradzadeh S, Siavash Moghaddam S, Rahimi A, Pourakbar L, El Enshasy HA and Sayyed RZ. 2021. Bio-chemical fertilizer improves the oil yield, fatty acid compositions, and macro-nutrient contents in Nigella sativa L. Horticulturae, 7(10): 345. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7100345
Okunlola GO, Olatunji OA, Akinwale RO, Tariq A and Adelusi AA. 2017. Physiological response of the three most cultivated pepper species (Capsicum spp.) in Africa to drought stress imposed at three stages of growth and development. Scientia Horticulturae, 224: 198-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.06.020
Ostadi A, Javanmard A, Amani Machiani M, Sadeghpour A, Maggi F, Nouraein M, Morshedloo MR, Hano C and Lorenzo JM. 2022. Co-Application of TiO2 Nanoparticles and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Improves Essential Oil Quantity and Quality of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) in Drought Stress Conditions. Plants, 11(13): 1659. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11131659
Pandey RK, Marienville JW and Adum A. 2000. Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effect on maize in a sahelian environment. I. Grain yield components. Agricultural Water Management, 46: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(00)00074-3
Zahedi, H and Pourniazi SE. 2018. Effects of integrated application of biological and chemical fertilizers and their application method on yield and yield components of grain maize (Zea Mays L.). Applied Field Crops Research, 30(4): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.22092/AJ.2018.109890.1138
Zainuddin N, Keni MF, Ibrahim SAS and Masri MMM. 2022. Effect of integrated biofertilizers with chemical fertilizers on the oil palm growth and soil microbial diversity. Biocatalysts and Agricultural Biotechnology, 39: 102237. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102237
Zanetti F, Alberghini B, Marjanović Jeromela A, Grahovac N, Rajković D, Kiprovski B and Monti A. 2021. Camelina, an ancient oilseed crop actively contributing to the rural renaissance in Europe. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 41(1): 1-18.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-020-00663-y
Zhaoxiang W, Huihu L, Qiaoli L, Changyan Y and Faxin Y. 2020. Application of bio-organic fertilizer, not biochar, in degraded red soil improves soil nutrients and plant growth. Rhizosphere, 16: 100264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2020.100264
Zhang X, Liu W, Lv Y, Li T, Tang J, Yang X, Bai J, Jin X and Zhou H. 2022. Effects of drought stress during critical periods on the photosynthetic characteristics and production performance of Naked oat (Avena nuda L.). Scientific Reports, 12: 11199.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15322-3