اثر مدیریت تغذیه و آرایش کاشت بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی دو رقم توتون (.Nicotiana tabacum L) ویرجینیا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 گروه زراعت، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 کروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

4 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

اهداف: عملکرد و کیفیت توتون به سه عامل مهم پتانسیل ژنتیکی رقم، شرایط محیطی رشد و عملیات زراعی به‌کار گرفته شده برای رشد محصول بستگی دارد. آزمایش‌هایی که تاکنون صورت گرفته نشان می‌دهد که هر یک از عوامل ذکر شده در راندمان تولید نقش دارند و تشخیص این‌که کدام عامل تاثیر بیشتری دارند دشوار است. هدف از این آزمایش بررسی اثر مدیریت تغذیه و آرایش کاشت بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی دو رقم توتون ویرجینیا (Nicotiana tabacum L.) بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با هشت تیمار و سه تکرار در سال 1399-1398 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل نحوه مصرف کود سرک نیتروژن (کود شیمیایی اوره، مصرف طبق آزمون خاک)، پتاسیم (کود شیمیایی سولفات پتاسیم، مصرف طبق آزمون خاک)، آرایش کاشت در دو سطح (تک‌ردیفه و دو‌ردیفه) و دو رقم توتون ویرجینیا (TC100 و NC100) در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد رقم TC100 سطح برگ، ارتفاع و عملکرد سبز بیشتری نسبت به رقم NC100 داشت.. همچنین تیمار کود برگی × کاشت دوردیفه از ارتفاع بوته و شاخص کلروفیل (SPAD) بالاتری برخوردار بوده‌است. داده‌ها نشان داد، در کاشت تک‌ردیفه رقم NC100 میزان نیتروژن برگ بیشتر و در هر دو آرایش کاشت (تک‌ردیفه و دوردیفه) درصد نیکوتین برگ بالاتری نسبت به رقم TC100 داشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که رقم TC100 در کاشت دوردیفه عملکرد سبز، درآمد و ویژ‌گی‌های کیفی بالاتری نسبت به رقم NC100 داشت. در بین تیمارهای مورد بررسی، کود‌دهی برگی اثر معنی‌داری بر ویژگی‌های کیفی برگ توتون ویرجینیا نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Nutrition Management and Planting Cultivation on The Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Two Varieties of Virginia Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Rahmatzadeh 1
  • Hemmatollah Pirdashti 2
  • Mohammad Ali Esmaeeli 3
  • Rahmat Abasi 1
  • Yasser Yaghoubian 4
1 Department of Agronomy-Faculty of Crop Sciences- Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
2 Department of Agronomy-Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan- Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
3 Department of Agronomy, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
4 Sari
چکیده [English]

Objectives: The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of nutrition management and planting arrangement on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two varieties of Virginia tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.).
Materials and methods: The split factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a basic design of randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications in 2018-2019. The treatments included the use of N and K fertilizers, planting arrangement and two varieties of tobacco.
Findings: The results showed that TC100 variety had more leaf area plant, height and green yield than NC100 variety. Also, the plant height and the SPAD value were higher in the treatment of foliar fertilizer × two row cultivation. NC100 variety in single-row cultivation showed higher leaf nitrogen. Leaf nicotine in NC100 variety in both planting cultivation conditions was higher than TC100 variety in the same conditions. Leaf K and sugar contant in TC100 cultivar in two-row cultivation recorded a significant increase. The price of tobacco was affected only by the simple effect of the variety. A kilogram of TC100 leaves has higher price than NC100. The income of tobacco under the interaction of TC100 cultivar was higher than NC100 cultivar in both planting arrangement and fertilization treatments.
Conclusion: the results showed that the TC100 variety in two-row cultivation had higher green yield, income and quality characteristics than the NC100 variety. Among studied treatments, fertilization has not significantly affected the quality properties of tobacco leaves.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Virginia tobacco
  • Top dressing fertilizer
  • Planting cultivation
  • Nutritional
  • Nicotine and Potassium

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 3
آبان 1403
صفحه 55-67

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