ارزیابی برخی روش‌های مدیریت تلفیقی علف‌های هرز در نخود دیم شهرستان اسلام‌آباد غرب، کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان

2 استاد گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

هدف این تحقیق بررسی اثرات کاربرد تلفیقی شیوه‌های مختلف مدیریت علف‌های هرز بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود دیم (Cicer arietinum L.) رقم بیونیج بود.
آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 15 تیمار و چهار تکرار انجام شد. عوامل آزمایشی عبارت از کاربرد علف‌کش شامل عدم کاربرد و کاربرد علف‌کش‌ پیریدیت، تراکم گیاه زراعی شامل 30، 40 و 50 بوته درمترمربع و کولتیواسیون شامل کاربرد و عدم‏کاربرد کولتیواسیون بودند. همچنین سه تیمار وجینِ کامل متناظر با هریک از تراکم‌های نخود در نظر گرفته شد.
زیست‏توده علف‏های هرز 30 روز پس از سمپاشی، با کاربرد انفرادی پیریدیت و کولتیواسیون به‏ترتیب 95 و 60 درصد و با کاربرد توام دو روش تا 99 درصد کاهش یافت. با کاربرد پیریدیت به‏ترتیب ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد دانه نخود 3/1 و 5/2 برابر شد و با یک‌بار کولتیواسیون تعداد غلاف در بوته و عملکرد دانه 37 و 31 درصد افزایش یافت. تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد و وزن دانه در بوته و وزن خشک تک‏بوته در تراکم 30 بوته درمترمربع بیشترین مقدار و به‏ترتیب 7/2، 1/3، 9/3 و 6/2 برابر بیشتراز میانگین تیمارهای تراکم‏ و کولتیواسیون بدون کاربرد پیریدیت بود. عملکرد دانه نخود با کاربرد تلفیقی پیریدیت و کولتیواسیون در تراکم 50 بوته در مترمربع تفاوت معنی‏داری با تیمار عاری از علف‏هرز (هر سه تراکم 30 و 40 و 50 بوته در مترمربع) نداشت.
تلفیق کاربرد پیریدیت و کولتیواسیون، با تراکم 50 بوته درمترمربع در شرایط دیم می‏تواند به منظور دست‏یابی به عملکرد مطلوب نخود، سودمند و لذا قابل توصیه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of some integrated weed management methods in dryland chickpea in Eslamabad-Gharb, Kermanshah

نویسندگان [English]

  • hazhir yousefi 1
  • jafar asghari 2
  • Elmira Mohammadvand 3
1 Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectivity of combination of some integrated weed management methods on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietimum L.) cv. Bivanij.
The experiment was conducted as a factorial in completely randomized block design with 15 treatments each in four replications. The experimental factors included herbicide applications consisting of untreated herbicide, and pyridate; plant densities of 30, 40,and 50plants m-2; and cultivations including uncultivated and cultivated for once. In addition, three full-season handweedings each for corresponding plant density treatment was applied.
The dry weight of weed biomass was decreased respectively 95 and 60%, 30 days after pyridate application and cultivation; while using combination of these two methods reduced them up to 99 percent. Pyridate application increased height and grain yield by 1.3 and 2.5 times, and cultivation increased pod number per plant and grain yield by 37and 31%, respectively. In pyridate treated of 30 plants m-2 treatment, the highest pods per plant, seeds number and weight per plant, and plant dry weight were respectively 2.7, 3.1, 3.9, and 2.6 times more than those of untreated pyridate treatments. Seed yield of chickpea with the combined application of pyridate and cultivation at the density of 50plants m-2 did not have significant differences with weed free treatments (all three densities of 30, 40 and 50plants m-2).
Integrated application of pyridate and cultivation at the chickpea density of 50 plants m-2 can be beneficial to achieve the desired yield in dryland conditions, and, hence, is recommendable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultivation
  • Integrated weed management
  • Planting density
  • Pyridate
  • yield

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 3
آبان 1403
صفحه 69-84

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