اثر همزیستی با قارچ میکوریزا بر ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک و جذب عناصر غذایی بادام رقم ʼسوپرنواʻ پیوند شده روی پایه GN15 تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 گروه باغبانی- دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: کشت گونه‌های متحمل به شوری به همراه تلقیح آن‌ها با ریزجانداران مفید خاک، می‌تواند یک راهکار موثر برای کاهش مشکلات شوری باشد. هدف از این آزمایش، بررسی پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیک و جذب عناصر غذایی بادام رقم Supernovaʼʽ پیوند شده روی پایه GN15 به تلقیح با قارچ‌ میکوریزا در سطوح مختلف شوری است.
مواد و روش‌ها: مطالعه حاضر بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با دو فاکتور (1) تلقیح با قارچ در دو سطح (تلقیح نشده و تلقیح شده با Rhizophagus intraradices) و (2) شوری در سه سطح (صفر، 60 و 120 میلی‌مولار) با سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا باعث بهبود شاخص‌های رشدی، نسبت فلورسانس متغیر به حداکثر و محتوای کلروفیل در تنش شوری بالا گردید. تلقیح با R. intraradices بطور معنی‌داری باعث کاهش محتوای پراکسید هیدروژن و مالون‌دی‌آلدهید و افزایش ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و محتوای پرولین در مقایسه با گیاهان تلقیح نشده در سطح بالای شوری شد. در گیاهان تلقیح شده محتوای فسفر و پتاسیم در برگ در تمام سطوح شوری و در ریشه در شوری متوسط بطورمعنی‌داری بیشتر از گیاهان تلقیح نشده بود. تحت تنش شوری، محتوای سدیم برگ گیاهان تلقیح شده بطور معنی‌داری کمتر از گیاهان تلقیح نشده بود، درحالیکه در مورد سدیم ریشه برعکس بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: استفاده از قارچ میکوریزا به همراه پایه متحمل می‌تواند یک روش کارآمد و سازگار با محیط زیست برای افزایش تحمل بادام به شوری باشد. در این راستا انجام آزمایشات بیشتر با ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف بادام در شرایط باغ ضروری بنظر میرسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungus on the physiological properties and nutrient uptake of ʻSupernovaʼ almonds grafted on GN15 rootstocks under salt stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shabnam Mostafavi 1
  • Jafar Hajilou 2
  • sahebali boland nazar 3
1 Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, . Tabriz. Iran.
2 Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran.
3 Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz,. Tabriz Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Cultivating salt-tolerant species and inoculating them with beneficial soil microorganisms can be an effective solution to alleviate the salinity problems. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the physiological responses and nutrient uptake of the almond cultivar 'Supernova' grafted on GN15 rootstock when inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi at different salinity levels.
Material and Methods: The current study followed a factorial design in the form of a randomized complete block design with two factors: (1) inoculation with fungi at two levels (non-inoculated and inoculated with Rhizophagus intraradices) and (2) salinity at three levels (0, 60 and 120 mM) with three replicates under greenhouse conditions.
Results: The results showed that inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi improved growth indices, Fv/Fm and chlorophyll content under high salt stress. Inoculation with R. intraradices significantly reduced H2O2 and MDA content, while antioxidant capacity and proline content increased compared to non-inoculated plants under high salinity conditions. Inoculated plants showed significantly higher phosphorus and potassium content in the leaves at all salinity levels and in the roots at medium salinity compared to non-inoculated plants. Under salt stress, the sodium content of leaves in inoculated plants was significantly lower than in non-inoculated plants, while the opposite was observed for root sodium content.
Conclusion: The use of mycorrhizal fungi in combination with a tolerant rootstock can be an effective and environment-friendly approach to mprove the salt tolerance of almond trees. In this regard, it seems necessary to conduct more experiments with different almonds genotypes under garden conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Salt stress
  • Almond
  • Mycorrhizal fungi
  • Physiological properties
  • Nutrient uptake
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